property: Move global default properties to the library context.

Fixes a problem where global properties don't work with a NULL query.
Specifying an algorithm with a NULL query ignores the default properties.

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tmraz@fedoraproject.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/12123)