QUIC err handling: Save and restore error state

QUIC err handling: Save and restore error state

We save the error state from the thread that encountered
a permanent error condition caused by system or internal
error to the QUIC_CHANNEL.

Then we restore it whenever we are returning to a user
call when protocol is shutdown.

Reviewed-by: Paul Dale <pauli@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Hugo Landau <hlandau@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/21087)