Document the BN library.
[openssl.git] / crypto / bn / bn_lib.c
index 288ebca68ce23695030ae2e928d3e2da07a7e708..df79d6e3380d38259c0d3c91dfcffd18345740e0 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* crypto/bn/bn_lib.c */
-/* Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
+/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This package is an SSL implementation written
 #include "cryptlib.h"
 #include "bn_lcl.h"
 
-char *BN_version="Big Number part of SSLeay 0.8.1b 29-Jun-1998";
+const char *BN_version="Big Number" OPENSSL_VERSION_PTEXT;
 
-BIGNUM *BN_value_one()
+/* For a 32 bit machine
+ * 2 -   4 ==  128
+ * 3 -   8 ==  256
+ * 4 -  16 ==  512
+ * 5 -  32 == 1024
+ * 6 -  64 == 2048
+ * 7 - 128 == 4096
+ * 8 - 256 == 8192
+ */
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_bits=0;
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_num=8;        /* (1<<bn_limit_bits) */
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_bits_low=0;
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_num_low=8;    /* (1<<bn_limit_bits_low) */
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_bits_high=0;
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_num_high=8;   /* (1<<bn_limit_bits_high) */
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_bits_mont=0;
+OPENSSL_GLOBAL int bn_limit_num_mont=8;   /* (1<<bn_limit_bits_mont) */
+
+void BN_set_params(int mult, int high, int low, int mont)
+       {
+       if (mult >= 0)
+               {
+               if (mult > (sizeof(int)*8)-1)
+                       mult=sizeof(int)*8-1;
+               bn_limit_bits=mult;
+               bn_limit_num=1<<mult;
+               }
+       if (high >= 0)
+               {
+               if (high > (sizeof(int)*8)-1)
+                       high=sizeof(int)*8-1;
+               bn_limit_bits_high=high;
+               bn_limit_num_high=1<<high;
+               }
+       if (low >= 0)
+               {
+               if (low > (sizeof(int)*8)-1)
+                       low=sizeof(int)*8-1;
+               bn_limit_bits_low=low;
+               bn_limit_num_low=1<<low;
+               }
+       if (mont >= 0)
+               {
+               if (mont > (sizeof(int)*8)-1)
+                       mont=sizeof(int)*8-1;
+               bn_limit_bits_mont=mont;
+               bn_limit_num_mont=1<<mont;
+               }
+       }
+
+int BN_get_params(int which)
+       {
+       if      (which == 0) return(bn_limit_bits);
+       else if (which == 1) return(bn_limit_bits_high);
+       else if (which == 2) return(bn_limit_bits_low);
+       else if (which == 3) return(bn_limit_bits_mont);
+       else return(0);
+       }
+
+BIGNUM *BN_value_one(void)
        {
        static BN_ULONG data_one=1L;
        static BIGNUM const_one={&data_one,1,1,0};
@@ -70,7 +129,7 @@ BIGNUM *BN_value_one()
        return(&const_one);
        }
 
-char *BN_options()
+char *BN_options(void)
        {
        static int init=0;
        static char data[16];
@@ -89,10 +148,9 @@ char *BN_options()
        return(data);
        }
 
-int BN_num_bits_word(l)
-BN_ULONG l;
+int BN_num_bits_word(BN_ULONG l)
        {
-       static char bits[256]={
+       static const char bits[256]={
                0,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,
                5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
                6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
@@ -111,24 +169,24 @@ BN_ULONG l;
                8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
                };
 
-#ifdef SIXTY_FOUR_BIT_LONG
+#if defined(SIXTY_FOUR_BIT_LONG)
        if (l & 0xffffffff00000000L)
                {
                if (l & 0xffff000000000000L)
                        {
                        if (l & 0xff00000000000000L)
                                {
-                               return(bits[l>>56]+56);
+                               return(bits[(int)(l>>56)]+56);
                                }
-                       else    return(bits[l>>48]+48);
+                       else    return(bits[(int)(l>>48)]+48);
                        }
                else
                        {
                        if (l & 0x0000ff0000000000L)
                                {
-                               return(bits[l>>40]+40);
+                               return(bits[(int)(l>>40)]+40);
                                }
-                       else    return(bits[l>>32]+32);
+                       else    return(bits[(int)(l>>32)]+32);
                        }
                }
        else
@@ -140,17 +198,17 @@ BN_ULONG l;
                        {
                        if (l & 0xff00000000000000LL)
                                {
-                               return(bits[l>>56]+56);
+                               return(bits[(int)(l>>56)]+56);
                                }
-                       else    return(bits[l>>48]+48);
+                       else    return(bits[(int)(l>>48)]+48);
                        }
                else
                        {
                        if (l & 0x0000ff0000000000LL)
                                {
-                               return(bits[l>>40]+40);
+                               return(bits[(int)(l>>40)]+40);
                                }
-                       else    return(bits[l>>32]+32);
+                       else    return(bits[(int)(l>>32)]+32);
                        }
                }
        else
@@ -161,34 +219,35 @@ BN_ULONG l;
                if (l & 0xffff0000L)
                        {
                        if (l & 0xff000000L)
-                               return(bits[l>>24L]+24);
-                       else    return(bits[l>>16L]+16);
+                               return(bits[(int)(l>>24L)]+24);
+                       else    return(bits[(int)(l>>16L)]+16);
                        }
                else
 #endif
                        {
 #if defined(SIXTEEN_BIT) || defined(THIRTY_TWO_BIT) || defined(SIXTY_FOUR_BIT) || defined(SIXTY_FOUR_BIT_LONG)
                        if (l & 0xff00L)
-                               return(bits[l>>8]+8);
+                               return(bits[(int)(l>>8)]+8);
                        else    
 #endif
-                               return(bits[l   ]  );
+                               return(bits[(int)(l   )]  );
                        }
                }
        }
 
-int BN_num_bits(a)
-BIGNUM *a;
+int BN_num_bits(const BIGNUM *a)
        {
        BN_ULONG l;
        int i;
 
+       bn_check_top(a);
+
        if (a->top == 0) return(0);
        l=a->d[a->top-1];
        i=(a->top-1)*BN_BITS2;
        if (l == 0)
                {
-#ifndef WIN16
+#if !defined(NO_STDIO) && !defined(WIN16)
                fprintf(stderr,"BAD TOP VALUE\n");
 #endif
                abort();
@@ -196,173 +255,328 @@ BIGNUM *a;
        return(i+BN_num_bits_word(l));
        }
 
-void BN_clear_free(a)
-BIGNUM *a;
+void BN_clear_free(BIGNUM *a)
        {
+       int i;
+
        if (a == NULL) return;
        if (a->d != NULL)
                {
                memset(a->d,0,a->max*sizeof(a->d[0]));
-               Free(a->d);
+               if (!(BN_get_flags(a,BN_FLG_STATIC_DATA)))
+                       Free(a->d);
                }
+       i=BN_get_flags(a,BN_FLG_MALLOCED);
        memset(a,0,sizeof(BIGNUM));
-       Free(a);
+       if (i)
+               Free(a);
        }
 
-void BN_free(a)
-BIGNUM *a;
+void BN_free(BIGNUM *a)
        {
        if (a == NULL) return;
-       if (a->d != NULL) Free(a->d);
-       Free(a);
+       if ((a->d != NULL) && !(BN_get_flags(a,BN_FLG_STATIC_DATA)))
+               Free(a->d);
+       a->flags|=BN_FLG_FREE; /* REMOVE? */
+       if (a->flags & BN_FLG_MALLOCED)
+               Free(a);
        }
 
-BIGNUM *BN_new()
+void BN_init(BIGNUM *a)
+       {
+       memset(a,0,sizeof(BIGNUM));
+       }
+
+BIGNUM *BN_new(void)
        {
        BIGNUM *ret;
-       BN_ULONG *p;
 
-       ret=(BIGNUM *)Malloc(sizeof(BIGNUM));
-       if (ret == NULL) goto err;
+       if ((ret=(BIGNUM *)Malloc(sizeof(BIGNUM))) == NULL)
+               {
+               BNerr(BN_F_BN_NEW,ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
+               return(NULL);
+               }
+       ret->flags=BN_FLG_MALLOCED;
        ret->top=0;
        ret->neg=0;
-       ret->max=(BN_DEFAULT_BITS/BN_BITS2);
-       p=(BN_ULONG *)Malloc(sizeof(BN_ULONG)*(ret->max+1));
-       if (p == NULL) goto err;
-       ret->d=p;
-
-       memset(p,0,(ret->max+1)*sizeof(p[0]));
+       ret->max=0;
+       ret->d=NULL;
        return(ret);
-err:
-       BNerr(BN_F_BN_NEW,ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
-       return(NULL);
        }
 
-BN_CTX *BN_CTX_new()
+
+BN_CTX *BN_CTX_new(void)
        {
        BN_CTX *ret;
-       BIGNUM *n;
-       int i,j;
 
        ret=(BN_CTX *)Malloc(sizeof(BN_CTX));
-       if (ret == NULL) goto err2;
-
-       for (i=0; i<BN_CTX_NUM; i++)
+       if (ret == NULL)
                {
-               n=BN_new();
-               if (n == NULL) goto err;
-               ret->bn[i]=n;
+               BNerr(BN_F_BN_CTX_NEW,ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
+               return(NULL);
                }
 
-       /* There is actually an extra one, this is for debugging my
-        * stuff */
-       ret->bn[BN_CTX_NUM]=NULL;
-
-       ret->tos=0;
+       BN_CTX_init(ret);
+       ret->flags=BN_FLG_MALLOCED;
        return(ret);
-err:
-       for (j=0; j<i; j++)
-               BN_free(ret->bn[j]);
-       Free(ret);
-err2:
-       BNerr(BN_F_BN_CTX_NEW,ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
-       return(NULL);
        }
 
-void BN_CTX_free(c)
-BN_CTX *c;
+void BN_CTX_init(BN_CTX *ctx)
+       {
+       memset(ctx,0,sizeof(BN_CTX));
+       ctx->tos=0;
+       ctx->flags=0;
+       }
+
+void BN_CTX_free(BN_CTX *c)
        {
        int i;
 
+       if(c == NULL)
+           return;
+
        for (i=0; i<BN_CTX_NUM; i++)
-               BN_clear_free(c->bn[i]);
-       Free(c);
+               BN_clear_free(&(c->bn[i]));
+       if (c->flags & BN_FLG_MALLOCED)
+               Free(c);
        }
 
-BIGNUM *bn_expand2(b, bits)
-BIGNUM *b;
-int bits;
+/* This is an internal function that should not be used in applications.
+ * It ensures that 'b' has enough room for a 'bits' bit number.  It is
+ * mostly used by the various BIGNUM routines.  If there is an error,
+ * NULL is returned. if not, 'b' is returned.
+ */
+BIGNUM *bn_expand2(BIGNUM *b, int words)
        {
-       BN_ULONG *p;
-       register int n;
+       BN_ULONG *A,*a;
+       const BN_ULONG *B;
+       int i;
+
+       bn_check_top(b);
 
-       while (bits > b->max*BN_BITS2)
+       if (words > b->max)
                {
-               n=((bits+BN_BITS2-1)/BN_BITS2)*2;
-               p=b->d=(BN_ULONG *)Realloc(b->d,sizeof(BN_ULONG)*(n+1));
-               if (p == NULL)
+               bn_check_top(b);        
+               if (BN_get_flags(b,BN_FLG_STATIC_DATA))
+                       {
+                       BNerr(BN_F_BN_EXPAND2,BN_R_EXPAND_ON_STATIC_BIGNUM_DATA);
+                       return(NULL);
+                       }
+               a=A=(BN_ULONG *)Malloc(sizeof(BN_ULONG)*(words+1));
+               if (A == NULL)
                        {
                        BNerr(BN_F_BN_EXPAND2,ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
                        return(NULL);
                        }
-               memset(&(p[b->max]),0,((n+1)-b->max)*sizeof(BN_ULONG));
-               b->max=n;
+#if 1
+               B=b->d;
+               /* Check if the previous number needs to be copied */
+               if (B != NULL)
+                       {
+#if 0
+                       /* This lot is an unrolled loop to copy b->top 
+                        * BN_ULONGs from B to A
+                        */
+/*
+ * I have nothing against unrolling but it's usually done for
+ * several reasons, namely:
+ * - minimize percentage of decision making code, i.e. branches;
+ * - avoid cache trashing;
+ * - make it possible to schedule loads earlier;
+ * Now let's examine the code below. The cornerstone of C is
+ * "programmer is always right" and that's what we love it for:-)
+ * For this very reason C compilers have to be paranoid when it
+ * comes to data aliasing and assume the worst. Yeah, but what
+ * does it mean in real life? This means that loop body below will
+ * be compiled to sequence of loads immediately followed by stores
+ * as compiler assumes the worst, something in A==B+1 style. As a
+ * result CPU pipeline is going to starve for incoming data. Secondly
+ * if A and B happen to share same cache line such code is going to
+ * cause severe cache trashing. Both factors have severe impact on
+ * performance of modern CPUs and this is the reason why this
+ * particulare piece of code is #ifdefed away and replaced by more
+ * "friendly" version found in #else section below. This comment
+ * also applies to BN_copy function.
+ *
+ *                                     <appro@fy.chalmers.se>
+ */
+                       for (i=b->top&(~7); i>0; i-=8)
+                               {
+                               A[0]=B[0]; A[1]=B[1]; A[2]=B[2]; A[3]=B[3];
+                               A[4]=B[4]; A[5]=B[5]; A[6]=B[6]; A[7]=B[7];
+                               A+=8;
+                               B+=8;
+                               }
+                       switch (b->top&7)
+                               {
+                       case 7:
+                               A[6]=B[6];
+                       case 6:
+                               A[5]=B[5];
+                       case 5:
+                               A[4]=B[4];
+                       case 4:
+                               A[3]=B[3];
+                       case 3:
+                               A[2]=B[2];
+                       case 2:
+                               A[1]=B[1];
+                       case 1:
+                               A[0]=B[0];
+                       case 0:
+                               /* I need the 'case 0' entry for utrix cc.
+                                * If the optimiser is turned on, it does the
+                                * switch table by doing
+                                * a=top&7
+                                * a--;
+                                * goto jump_table[a];
+                                * If top is 0, this makes us jump to 0xffffffc 
+                                * which is rather bad :-(.
+                                * eric 23-Apr-1998
+                                */
+                               ;
+                               }
+#else
+                       for (i=b->top>>2; i>0; i--,A+=4,B+=4)
+                               {
+                               /*
+                                * The fact that the loop is unrolled
+                                * 4-wise is a tribute to Intel. It's
+                                * the one that doesn't have enough
+                                * registers to accomodate more data.
+                                * I'd unroll it 8-wise otherwise:-)
+                                *
+                                *              <appro@fy.chalmers.se>
+                                */
+                               BN_ULONG a0,a1,a2,a3;
+                               a0=B[0]; a1=B[1]; a2=B[2]; a3=B[3];
+                               A[0]=a0; A[1]=a1; A[2]=a2; A[3]=a3;
+                               }
+                       switch (b->top&3)
+                               {
+                               case 3: A[2]=B[2];
+                               case 2: A[1]=B[1];
+                               case 1: A[0]=B[0];
+                               case 0: ; /* ultrix cc workaround, see above */
+                               }
+#endif
+                       Free(b->d);
+                       }
+
+               b->d=a;
+               b->max=words;
+
+               /* Now need to zero any data between b->top and b->max */
+
+               A= &(b->d[b->top]);
+               for (i=(b->max - b->top)>>3; i>0; i--,A+=8)
+                       {
+                       A[0]=0; A[1]=0; A[2]=0; A[3]=0;
+                       A[4]=0; A[5]=0; A[6]=0; A[7]=0;
+                       }
+               for (i=(b->max - b->top)&7; i>0; i--,A++)
+                       A[0]=0;
+#else
+                       memset(A,0,sizeof(BN_ULONG)*(words+1));
+                       memcpy(A,b->d,sizeof(b->d[0])*b->top);
+                       b->d=a;
+                       b->max=words;
+#endif
+               
+/*             memset(&(p[b->max]),0,((words+1)-b->max)*sizeof(BN_ULONG)); */
+/*     { int i; for (i=b->max; i<words+1; i++) p[i]=i;} */
+
                }
        return(b);
        }
 
-BIGNUM *BN_dup(a)
-BIGNUM *a;
+BIGNUM *BN_dup(const BIGNUM *a)
        {
        BIGNUM *r;
 
+       if (a == NULL) return NULL;
+
+       bn_check_top(a);
+
        r=BN_new();
        if (r == NULL) return(NULL);
        return((BIGNUM *)BN_copy(r,a));
        }
 
-BIGNUM *BN_copy(a, b)
-BIGNUM *a;
-BIGNUM *b;
+BIGNUM *BN_copy(BIGNUM *a, const BIGNUM *b)
        {
-       if (bn_expand(a,b->top*BN_BITS2) == NULL) return(NULL);
+       int i;
+       BN_ULONG *A;
+       const BN_ULONG *B;
+
+       bn_check_top(b);
+
+       if (a == b) return(a);
+       if (bn_wexpand(a,b->top) == NULL) return(NULL);
+
+#if 1
+       A=a->d;
+       B=b->d;
+       for (i=b->top>>2; i>0; i--,A+=4,B+=4)
+               {
+               BN_ULONG a0,a1,a2,a3;
+               a0=B[0]; a1=B[1]; a2=B[2]; a3=B[3];
+               A[0]=a0; A[1]=a1; A[2]=a2; A[3]=a3;
+               }
+       switch (b->top&3)
+               {
+               case 3: A[2]=B[2];
+               case 2: A[1]=B[1];
+               case 1: A[0]=B[0];
+               case 0: ; /* ultrix cc workaround, see comments in bn_expand2 */
+               }
+#else
        memcpy(a->d,b->d,sizeof(b->d[0])*b->top);
+#endif
+
 /*     memset(&(a->d[b->top]),0,sizeof(a->d[0])*(a->max-b->top));*/
        a->top=b->top;
+       if ((a->top == 0) && (a->d != NULL))
+               a->d[0]=0;
        a->neg=b->neg;
        return(a);
        }
 
-void BN_clear(a)
-BIGNUM *a;
+void BN_clear(BIGNUM *a)
        {
-       memset(a->d,0,a->max*sizeof(a->d[0]));
+       if (a->d != NULL)
+               memset(a->d,0,a->max*sizeof(a->d[0]));
        a->top=0;
        a->neg=0;
        }
 
-unsigned long BN_get_word(a)
-BIGNUM *a;
+BN_ULONG BN_get_word(BIGNUM *a)
        {
        int i,n;
-       unsigned long ret=0;
+       BN_ULONG ret=0;
 
        n=BN_num_bytes(a);
-       if (n > sizeof(unsigned long))
-#ifdef SIXTY_FOUR_BIT_LONG
+       if (n > sizeof(BN_ULONG))
                return(BN_MASK2);
-#else
-               return(0xFFFFFFFFL);
-#endif
        for (i=a->top-1; i>=0; i--)
                {
 #ifndef SIXTY_FOUR_BIT /* the data item > unsigned long */
                ret<<=BN_BITS4; /* stops the compiler complaining */
                ret<<=BN_BITS4;
+#else
+               ret=0;
 #endif
                ret|=a->d[i];
                }
        return(ret);
        }
 
-int BN_set_word(a,w)
-BIGNUM *a;
-unsigned long w;
+int BN_set_word(BIGNUM *a, BN_ULONG w)
        {
        int i,n;
-       if (bn_expand(a,sizeof(unsigned long)*8) == NULL) return(0);
+       if (bn_expand(a,sizeof(BN_ULONG)*8) == NULL) return(0);
 
-       n=sizeof(unsigned long)/BN_BYTES;
+       n=sizeof(BN_ULONG)/BN_BYTES;
        a->neg=0;
        a->top=0;
        a->d[0]=(BN_ULONG)w&BN_MASK2;
@@ -375,6 +589,8 @@ unsigned long w;
 #ifndef SIXTY_FOUR_BIT /* the data item > unsigned long */
                w>>=BN_BITS4;
                w>>=BN_BITS4;
+#else
+               w=0;
 #endif
                a->d[i]=(BN_ULONG)w&BN_MASK2;
                if (a->d[i] != 0) a->top=i+1;
@@ -383,10 +599,7 @@ unsigned long w;
        }
 
 /* ignore negative */
-BIGNUM *BN_bin2bn(s, len, ret)
-unsigned char *s;
-int len;
-BIGNUM *ret;
+BIGNUM *BN_bin2bn(const unsigned char *s, int len, BIGNUM *ret)
        {
        unsigned int i,m;
        unsigned int n;
@@ -423,9 +636,7 @@ BIGNUM *ret;
        }
 
 /* ignore negative */
-int BN_bn2bin(a, to)
-BIGNUM *a;
-unsigned char *to;
+int BN_bn2bin(const BIGNUM *a, unsigned char *to)
        {
        int n,i;
        BN_ULONG l;
@@ -439,13 +650,14 @@ unsigned char *to;
        return(n);
        }
 
-int BN_ucmp(a, b)
-BIGNUM *a;
-BIGNUM *b;
+int BN_ucmp(const BIGNUM *a, const BIGNUM *b)
        {
        int i;
        BN_ULONG t1,t2,*ap,*bp;
 
+       bn_check_top(a);
+       bn_check_top(b);
+
        i=a->top-b->top;
        if (i != 0) return(i);
        ap=a->d;
@@ -460,9 +672,7 @@ BIGNUM *b;
        return(0);
        }
 
-int BN_cmp(a, b)
-BIGNUM *a;
-BIGNUM *b;
+int BN_cmp(const BIGNUM *a, const BIGNUM *b)
        {
        int i;
        int gt,lt;
@@ -477,6 +687,10 @@ BIGNUM *b;
                else
                        return(0);
                }
+
+       bn_check_top(a);
+       bn_check_top(b);
+
        if (a->neg != b->neg)
                {
                if (a->neg)
@@ -499,23 +713,25 @@ BIGNUM *b;
        return(0);
        }
 
-int BN_set_bit(a, n)
-BIGNUM *a;
-int n;
+int BN_set_bit(BIGNUM *a, int n)
        {
-       int i,j;
+       int i,j,k;
 
        i=n/BN_BITS2;
        j=n%BN_BITS2;
-       if (a->top <= i) return(0);
+       if (a->top <= i)
+               {
+               if (bn_wexpand(a,i+1) == NULL) return(0);
+               for(k=a->top; k<i+1; k++)
+                       a->d[k]=0;
+               a->top=i+1;
+               }
 
-       a->d[i]|=(1L<<j);
+       a->d[i]|=(((BN_ULONG)1)<<j);
        return(1);
        }
 
-int BN_clear_bit(a, n)
-BIGNUM *a;
-int n;
+int BN_clear_bit(BIGNUM *a, int n)
        {
        int i,j;
 
@@ -523,13 +739,12 @@ int n;
        j=n%BN_BITS2;
        if (a->top <= i) return(0);
 
-       a->d[i]&=(~(1L<<j));
+       a->d[i]&=(~(((BN_ULONG)1)<<j));
+       bn_fix_top(a);
        return(1);
        }
 
-int BN_is_bit_set(a, n)
-BIGNUM *a;
-int n;
+int BN_is_bit_set(const BIGNUM *a, int n)
        {
        int i,j;
 
@@ -540,9 +755,7 @@ int n;
        return((a->d[i]&(((BN_ULONG)1)<<j))?1:0);
        }
 
-int BN_mask_bits(a,n)
-BIGNUM *a;
-int n;
+int BN_mask_bits(BIGNUM *a, int n)
        {
        int b,w;
 
@@ -555,11 +768,25 @@ int n;
                {
                a->top=w+1;
                a->d[w]&= ~(BN_MASK2<<b);
-               while ((w >= 0) && (a->d[w] == 0))
-                       {
-                       a->top--;
-                       w--;
-                       }
                }
+       bn_fix_top(a);
        return(1);
        }
+
+int bn_cmp_words(BN_ULONG *a, BN_ULONG *b, int n)
+       {
+       int i;
+       BN_ULONG aa,bb;
+
+       aa=a[n-1];
+       bb=b[n-1];
+       if (aa != bb) return((aa > bb)?1:-1);
+       for (i=n-2; i>=0; i--)
+               {
+               aa=a[i];
+               bb=b[i];
+               if (aa != bb) return((aa > bb)?1:-1);
+               }
+       return(0);
+       }
+