- INSTALLATION ON THE UNIX PLATFORM
- ---------------------------------
+ OPENSSL INSTALLATION
+ --------------------
- [Installation on DOS (with djgpp), Windows, OpenVMS and MacOS (before MacOS X)
- is described in INSTALL.DJGPP, INSTALL.W32, INSTALL.VMS and INSTALL.MacOS.
- This document describes installation on operating systems in the Unix
- family.]
+ This document describes installation on all supported operating
+ systems (the Linux/Unix family, OpenVMS and Windows)
To install OpenSSL, you will need:
- * make
- * Perl 5
+ * A make implementation
+ * Perl 5 with core modules (please read NOTES.PERL)
+ * The perl module Text::Template (please read NOTES.PERL)
* an ANSI C compiler
- * a development environment in form of development libraries and C
+ * a development environment in the form of development libraries and C
header files
- * a supported Unix operating system
+ * a supported operating system
+
+ For additional platform specific requirements, solutions to specific
+ issues and other details, please read one of these:
+
+ * NOTES.UNIX (any supported Unix like system)
+ * NOTES.VMS (OpenVMS)
+ * NOTES.WIN (any supported Windows)
+ * NOTES.DJGPP (DOS platform with DJGPP)
+
+ Notational conventions in this document
+ ---------------------------------------
+
+ Throughout this document, we use the following conventions in command
+ examples:
+
+ $ command Any line starting with a dollar sign
+ ($) is a command line.
+
+ { word1 | word2 | word3 } This denotes a mandatory choice, to be
+ replaced with one of the given words.
+ A simple example would be this:
+
+ $ echo { FOO | BAR | COOKIE }
+
+ which is to be understood as one of
+ these:
+
+ $ echo FOO
+ - or -
+ $ echo BAR
+ - or -
+ $ echo COOKIE
+
+ [ word1 | word2 | word3 ] Similar to { word1 | word2 | word3 }
+ except it's optional to give any of
+ those. In addition to the examples
+ above, this would also be valid:
+
+ $ echo
+
+ {{ target }} This denotes a mandatory word or
+ sequence of words of some sort. A
+ simple example would be this:
+
+ $ type {{ filename }}
+
+ which is to be understood to use the
+ command 'type' on some file name
+ determined by the user.
+
+ [[ options ]] Similar to {{ target }}, but is
+ optional.
+
+ Note that the notation assumes spaces around {, }, [, ], {{, }} and
+ [[, ]]. This is to differentiate from OpenVMS directory
+ specifications, which also use [ and ], but without spaces.
Quick Start
-----------
If you want to just get on with it, do:
- $ ./config
- $ make
- $ make test
- $ make install
+ on Unix:
- [If any of these steps fails, see section Installation in Detail below.]
+ $ ./config
+ $ make
+ $ make test
+ $ make install
- This will build and install OpenSSL in the default location, which is (for
- historical reasons) /usr/local/ssl. If you want to install it anywhere else,
- run config like this:
+ on OpenVMS:
- $ ./config --prefix=/usr/local --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl
+ $ @config
+ $ mms
+ $ mms test
+ $ mms install
+ on Windows (only pick one of the targets for configuration):
- Configuration Options
- ---------------------
-
- There are several options to ./config (or ./Configure) to customize
- the build:
+ $ perl Configure { VC-WIN32 | VC-WIN64A | VC-WIN64I | VC-CE }
+ $ nmake
+ $ nmake test
+ $ nmake install
- --prefix=DIR Install in DIR/bin, DIR/lib, DIR/include/openssl.
- Configuration files used by OpenSSL will be in DIR/ssl
- or the directory specified by --openssldir.
+ If any of these steps fails, see section Installation in Detail below.
- --openssldir=DIR Directory for OpenSSL files. If no prefix is specified,
- the library files and binaries are also installed there.
+ This will build and install OpenSSL in the default location, which is:
- no-threads Don't try to build with support for multi-threaded
- applications.
+ Unix: normal installation directories under /usr/local
+ OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-'version'...], where 'version' is the
+ OpenSSL version number with underscores instead of periods.
+ Windows: C:\Program Files\OpenSSL or C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSL
- threads Build with support for multi-threaded applications.
- This will usually require additional system-dependent options!
- See "Note on multi-threading" below.
+ If you want to install it anywhere else, run config like this:
- no-zlib Don't try to build with support for zlib compression and
- decompression.
+ On Unix:
- zlib Build with support for zlib compression/decompression.
+ $ ./config --prefix=/opt/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/ssl
- zlib-dynamic Like "zlib", but has OpenSSL load the zlib library dynamically
- when needed. This is only supported on systems where loading
- of shared libraries is supported. This is the default choice.
+ On OpenVMS:
- no-shared Don't try to create shared libraries.
+ $ @config --prefix=PROGRAM:[INSTALLS] --openssldir=SYS$MANAGER:[OPENSSL]
- shared In addition to the usual static libraries, create shared
- libraries on platforms where it's supported. See "Note on
- shared libraries" below.
+ (Note: if you do add options to the configuration command, please make sure
+ you've read more than just this Quick Start, such as relevant NOTES.* files,
+ the options outline below, as configuration options may change the outcome
+ in otherwise unexpected ways)
- no-asm Do not use assembler code.
- 386 Use the 80386 instruction set only (the default x86 code is
- more efficient, but requires at least a 486).
-
- no-<cipher> Build without the specified cipher (bf, cast, des, dh, dsa,
- hmac, md2, md5, mdc2, rc2, rc4, rc5, rsa, sha).
- The crypto/<cipher> directory can be removed after running
- "make depend".
+ Configuration Options
+ ---------------------
- -Dxxx, -lxxx, -Lxxx, -fxxx, -Kxxx These system specific options will
- be passed through to the compiler to allow you to
- define preprocessor symbols, specify additional libraries,
- library directories or other compiler options.
+ There are several options to ./config (or ./Configure) to customize
+ the build (note that for Windows, the defaults for --prefix and
+ --openssldir depend in what configuration is used and what Windows
+ implementation OpenSSL is built on. More notes on this in NOTES.WIN):
+
+ --api=x.y.z
+ Don't build with support for deprecated APIs below the
+ specified version number. For example "--api=1.1.0" will
+ remove support for all APIS that were deprecated in OpenSSL
+ version 1.1.0 or below.
+
+ --cross-compile-prefix=PREFIX
+ The PREFIX to include in front of commands for your
+ toolchain. It's likely to have to end with dash, e.g.
+ a-b-c- would invoke GNU compiler as a-b-c-gcc, etc.
+ Unfortunately cross-compiling is too case-specific to
+ put together one-size-fits-all instructions. You might
+ have to pass more flags or set up environment variables
+ to actually make it work. Android and iOS cases are
+ discussed in corresponding Configurations/10-main.cf
+ sections. But there are cases when this option alone is
+ sufficient. For example to build the mingw64 target on
+ Linux "--cross-compile-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32-"
+ works. Naturally provided that mingw packages are
+ installed. Today Debian and Ubuntu users have option to
+ install a number of prepackaged cross-compilers along
+ with corresponding run-time and development packages for
+ "alien" hardware. To give another example
+ "--cross-compile-prefix=mipsel-linux-gnu-" suffices
+ in such case. Needless to mention that you have to
+ invoke ./Configure, not ./config, and pass your target
+ name explicitly.
+
+ --debug
+ Build OpenSSL with debugging symbols.
+
+ --libdir=DIR
+ The name of the directory under the top of the installation
+ directory tree (see the --prefix option) where libraries will
+ be installed. By default this is "lib". Note that on Windows
+ only ".lib" files will be stored in this location. dll files
+ will always be installed to the "bin" directory.
+
+ --openssldir=DIR
+ Directory for OpenSSL configuration files, and also the
+ default certificate and key store. Defaults are:
+
+ Unix: /usr/local/ssl
+ Windows: C:\Program Files\Common Files\SSL
+ or C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\SSL
+ OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-COMMON]
+
+ --prefix=DIR
+ The top of the installation directory tree. Defaults are:
+
+ Unix: /usr/local
+ Windows: C:\Program Files\OpenSSL
+ or C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSL
+ OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-'version']
+
+ --release
+ Build OpenSSL without debugging symbols. This is the default.
+
+ --strict-warnings
+ This is a developer flag that switches on various compiler
+ options recommended for OpenSSL development. It only works
+ when using gcc or clang as the compiler. If you are
+ developing a patch for OpenSSL then it is recommended that
+ you use this option where possible.
+
+ --with-zlib-include=DIR
+ The directory for the location of the zlib include file. This
+ option is only necessary if enable-zlib (see below) is used
+ and the include file is not already on the system include
+ path.
+
+ --with-zlib-lib=LIB
+ On Unix: this is the directory containing the zlib library.
+ If not provided the system library path will be used.
+ On Windows: this is the filename of the zlib library (with or
+ without a path). This flag must be provided if the
+ zlib-dynamic option is not also used. If zlib-dynamic is used
+ then this flag is optional and a default value ("ZLIB1") is
+ used if not provided.
+ On VMS: this is the filename of the zlib library (with or
+ without a path). This flag is optional and if not provided
+ then "GNV$LIBZSHR", "GNV$LIBZSHR32" or "GNV$LIBZSHR64" is
+ used by default depending on the pointer size chosen.
+
+ no-afalgeng
+ Don't build the AFALG engine. This option will be forced if
+ on a platform that does not support AFALG.
+
+ enable-asan
+ Build with the Address sanitiser. This is a developer option
+ only. It may not work on all platforms and should never be
+ used in production environments. It will only work when used
+ with gcc or clang and should be used in conjunction with the
+ no-shared option.
+
+ no-asm
+ Do not use assembler code. On some platforms a small amount
+ of assembler code may still be used.
+
+ no-async
+ Do not build support for async operations.
+
+ no-autoalginit
+ Don't automatically load all supported ciphers and digests.
+ Typically OpenSSL will make available all of its supported
+ ciphers and digests. For a statically linked application this
+ may be undesirable if small executable size is an objective.
+ This only affects libcrypto. Ciphers and digests will have to
+ be loaded manually using EVP_add_cipher() and
+ EVP_add_digest() if this option is used. This option will
+ force a non-shared build.
+
+ no-autoerrinit
+ Don't automatically load all libcrypto/libssl error strings.
+ Typically OpenSSL will automatically load human readable
+ error strings. For a statically linked application this may
+ be undesirable if small executable size is an objective.
+
+
+ no-capieng
+ Don't build the CAPI engine. This option will be forced if
+ on a platform that does not support CAPI.
+
+ no-cms
+ Don't build support for CMS features
+
+ no-comp
+ Don't build support for SSL/TLS compression. If this option
+ is left enabled (the default), then compression will only
+ work if the zlib or zlib-dynamic options are also chosen.
+
+ enable-crypto-mdebug
+ Build support for debugging memory allocated via
+ OPENSSL_malloc() or OPENSSL_zalloc().
+
+ enable-crypto-mdebug-backtrace
+ As for crypto-mdebug, but additionally provide backtrace
+ information for allocated memory.
+ TO BE USED WITH CARE: this uses GNU C functionality, and
+ is therefore not usable for non-GNU config targets. If
+ your build complains about the use of '-rdynamic' or the
+ lack of header file execinfo.h, this option is not for you.
+ ALSO NOTE that even though execinfo.h is available on your
+ system (through Gnulib), the functions might just be stubs
+ that do nothing.
+
+ no-ct
+ Don't build support for Certificate Transparency.
+
+ no-deprecated
+ Don't build with support for any deprecated APIs. This is the
+ same as using "--api" and supplying the latest version
+ number.
+
+ no-dgram
+ Don't build support for datagram based BIOs. Selecting this
+ option will also force the disabling of DTLS.
+
+ no-dso
+ Don't build support for loading Dynamic Shared Objects.
+
+ no-dynamic-engine
+ Don't build the dynamically loaded engines. This only has an
+ effect in a "shared" build
+
+ no-ec
+ Don't build support for Elliptic Curves.
+
+ no-ec2m
+ Don't build support for binary Elliptic Curves
+
+ enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128
+ Enable support for optimised implementations of some commonly
+ used NIST elliptic curves. This is only supported on some
+ platforms.
+
+ enable-egd
+ Build support for gathering entropy from EGD (Entropy
+ Gathering Daemon).
+
+ no-engine
+ Don't build support for loading engines.
+
+ no-err
+ Don't compile in any error strings.
+
+ enable-external-tests
+ Enable building of integration with external test suites.
+ This is a developer option and may not work on all platforms.
+ The only supported external test suite at the current time is
+ the BoringSSL test suite. See the file test/README.external
+ for further details.
+
+ no-filenames
+ Don't compile in filename and line number information (e.g.
+ for errors and memory allocation).
+
+ enable-fuzz-libfuzzer, enable-fuzz-afl
+ Build with support for fuzzing using either libfuzzer or AFL.
+ These are developer options only. They may not work on all
+ platforms and should never be used in production environments.
+ See the file fuzz/README.md for further details.
+
+ no-gost
+ Don't build support for GOST based ciphersuites. Note that
+ if this feature is enabled then GOST ciphersuites are only
+ available if the GOST algorithms are also available through
+ loading an externally supplied engine.
+
+ no-hw-padlock
+ Don't build the padlock engine.
+
+ no-makedepend
+ Don't generate dependencies.
+
+ no-multiblock
+ Don't build support for writing multiple records in one
+ go in libssl (Note: this is a different capability to the
+ pipelining functionality).
+
+ no-nextprotoneg
+ Don't build support for the NPN TLS extension.
+
+ no-ocsp
+ Don't build support for OCSP.
+
+ no-pic
+ Don't build with support for Position Independent Code.
+
+ no-posix-io
+ Don't use POSIX IO capabilities.
+
+ no-psk
+ Don't build support for Pre-Shared Key based ciphersuites.
+
+ no-rdrand
+ Don't use hardware RDRAND capabilities.
+
+ no-rfc3779
+ Don't build support for RFC3779 ("X.509 Extensions for IP
+ Addresses and AS Identifiers")
+
+ sctp
+ Build support for SCTP
+
+ no-shared
+ Do not create shared libraries, only static ones. See "Note
+ on shared libraries" below.
+
+ no-sock
+ Don't build support for socket BIOs
+
+ no-srp
+ Don't build support for SRP or SRP based ciphersuites.
+
+ no-srtp
+ Don't build SRTP support
+
+ no-sse2
+ Exclude SSE2 code paths from 32-bit x86 assembly modules.
+ Normally SSE2 extension is detected at run-time, but the
+ decision whether or not the machine code will be executed
+ is taken solely on CPU capability vector. This means that
+ if you happen to run OS kernel which does not support SSE2
+ extension on Intel P4 processor, then your application
+ might be exposed to "illegal instruction" exception.
+ There might be a way to enable support in kernel, e.g.
+ FreeBSD kernel can be compiled with CPU_ENABLE_SSE, and
+ there is a way to disengage SSE2 code paths upon application
+ start-up, but if you aim for wider "audience" running
+ such kernel, consider no-sse2. Both the 386 and
+ no-asm options imply no-sse2.
+
+ enable-ssl-trace
+ Build with the SSL Trace capabilities (adds the "-trace"
+ option to s_client and s_server).
+
+ no-static-engine
+ Don't build the statically linked engines. This only
+ has an impact when not built "shared".
+
+ no-stdio
+ Don't use any C "stdio" features. Only libcrypto and libssl
+ can be built in this way. Using this option will suppress
+ building the command line applications. Additionally since
+ the OpenSSL tests also use the command line applications the
+ tests will also be skipped.
+
+ no-tests
+ Don't build test programs or run any test.
+
+ no-threads
+ Don't try to build with support for multi-threaded
+ applications.
+
+ threads
+ Build with support for multi-threaded applications. Most
+ platforms will enable this by default. However if on a
+ platform where this is not the case then this will usually
+ require additional system-dependent options! See "Note on
+ multi-threading" below.
+
+ enable-tls13downgrade
+ TODO(TLS1.3): Make this enabled by default and remove the
+ option when TLSv1.3 is out of draft
+ TLSv1.3 offers a downgrade protection mechanism. This is
+ implemented but disabled by default. It should not typically
+ be enabled except for testing purposes. Otherwise this could
+ cause problems if a pre-RFC version of OpenSSL talks to an
+ RFC implementation (it will erroneously be detected as a
+ downgrade).
+
+ no-ts
+ Don't build Time Stamping Authority support.
+
+ enable-ubsan
+ Build with the Undefined Behaviour sanitiser. This is a
+ developer option only. It may not work on all platforms and
+ should never be used in production environments. It will only
+ work when used with gcc or clang and should be used in
+ conjunction with the "-DPEDANTIC" option (or the
+ --strict-warnings option).
+
+ no-ui
+ Don't build with the "UI" capability (i.e. the set of
+ features enabling text based prompts).
+
+ enable-unit-test
+ Enable additional unit test APIs. This should not typically
+ be used in production deployments.
+
+ enable-weak-ssl-ciphers
+ Build support for SSL/TLS ciphers that are considered "weak"
+ (e.g. RC4 based ciphersuites).
+
+ zlib
+ Build with support for zlib compression/decompression.
+
+ zlib-dynamic
+ Like "zlib", but has OpenSSL load the zlib library
+ dynamically when needed. This is only supported on systems
+ where loading of shared libraries is supported.
+
+ 386
+ In 32-bit x86 builds, when generating assembly modules,
+ use the 80386 instruction set only (the default x86 code
+ is more efficient, but requires at least a 486). Note:
+ This doesn't affect code generated by compiler, you're
+ likely to complement configuration command line with
+ suitable compiler-specific option.
+
+ enable-tls1_3
+ TODO(TLS1.3): Make this enabled by default
+ Build support for TLS1.3. Note: This is a WIP feature and
+ does not currently interoperate with other TLS1.3
+ implementations! Use with caution!!
+
+ no-<prot>
+ Don't build support for negotiating the specified SSL/TLS
+ protocol (one of ssl, ssl3, tls, tls1, tls1_1, tls1_2, dtls,
+ dtls1 or dtls1_2). If "no-tls" is selected then all of tls1,
+ tls1_1 and tls1_2 are disabled. Similarly "no-dtls" will
+ disable dtls1 and dtls1_2. The "no-ssl" option is synonymous
+ with "no-ssl3". Note this only affects version negotiation.
+ OpenSSL will still provide the methods for applications to
+ explicitly select the individual protocol versions.
+
+ no-<prot>-method
+ As for no-<prot> but in addition do not build the methods for
+ applications to explicitly select individual protocol
+ versions.
+
+ enable-<alg>
+ Build with support for the specified algorithm, where <alg>
+ is one of: md2 or rc5.
+
+ no-<alg>
+ Build without support for the specified algorithm, where
+ <alg> is one of: bf, blake2, camellia, cast, chacha, cmac,
+ des, dh, dsa, ecdh, ecdsa, idea, md4, mdc2, ocb, poly1305,
+ rc2, rc4, rmd160, scrypt, seed, siphash or whirlpool. The
+ "ripemd" algorithm is deprecated and if used is synonymous
+ with rmd160.
+
+ -Dxxx, lxxx, -Lxxx, -Wl, -rpath, -R, -framework, -static
+ These system specific options will be recognised and
+ passed through to the compiler to allow you to define
+ preprocessor symbols, specify additional libraries, library
+ directories or other compiler options. It might be worth
+ noting that some compilers generate code specifically for
+ processor the compiler currently executes on. This is not
+ necessarily what you might have in mind, since it might be
+ unsuitable for execution on other, typically older,
+ processor. Consult your compiler documentation.
+
+ -xxx, +xxx
+ Additional options that are not otherwise recognised are
+ passed through as they are to the compiler as well. Again,
+ consult your compiler documentation.
Installation in Detail
1a. Configure OpenSSL for your operation system automatically:
- $ ./config [options]
+ NOTE: This is not available on Windows.
+
+ $ ./config [[ options ]] # Unix
+
+ or
+
+ $ @config [[ options ]] ! OpenVMS
+
+ For the remainder of this text, the Unix form will be used in all
+ examples, please use the appropriate form for your platform.
This guesses at your operating system (and compiler, if necessary) and
configures OpenSSL based on this guess. Run ./config -t to see
On some systems, you can include debugging information as follows:
- $ ./config -d [options]
+ $ ./config -d [[ options ]]
1b. Configure OpenSSL for your operating system manually
OpenSSL knows about a range of different operating system, hardware and
compiler combinations. To see the ones it knows about, run
- $ ./Configure
+ $ ./Configure # Unix
+
+ or
+
+ $ perl Configure # All other platforms
+
+ For the remainder of this text, the Unix form will be used in all
+ examples, please use the appropriate form for your platform.
Pick a suitable name from the list that matches your system. For most
operating systems there is a choice between using "cc" or "gcc". When
you have identified your system (and if necessary compiler) use this name
- as the argument to ./Configure. For example, a "linux-elf" user would
+ as the argument to Configure. For example, a "linux-elf" user would
run:
- $ ./Configure linux-elf [options]
+ $ ./Configure linux-elf [[ options ]]
+
+ If your system isn't listed, you will have to create a configuration
+ file named Configurations/{{ something }}.conf and add the correct
+ configuration for your system. See the available configs as examples
+ and read Configurations/README and Configurations/README.design for
+ more information.
+
+ The generic configurations "cc" or "gcc" should usually work on 32 bit
+ Unix-like systems.
+
+ Configure creates a build file ("Makefile" on Unix, "makefile" on Windows
+ and "descrip.mms" on OpenVMS) from a suitable template in Configurations,
+ and defines various macros in include/openssl/opensslconf.h (generated from
+ include/openssl/opensslconf.h.in).
+
+ 1c. Configure OpenSSL for building outside of the source tree.
+
+ OpenSSL can be configured to build in a build directory separate from
+ the directory with the source code. It's done by placing yourself in
+ some other directory and invoking the configuration commands from
+ there.
+
+ Unix example:
+
+ $ mkdir /var/tmp/openssl-build
+ $ cd /var/tmp/openssl-build
+ $ /PATH/TO/OPENSSL/SOURCE/config [[ options ]]
+
+ or
- If your system is not available, you will have to edit the Configure
- program and add the correct configuration for your system. The
- generic configurations "cc" or "gcc" should usually work on 32 bit
- systems.
+ $ /PATH/TO/OPENSSL/SOURCE/Configure {{ target }} [[ options ]]
- Configure creates the file Makefile.ssl from Makefile.org and
- defines various macros in crypto/opensslconf.h (generated from
- crypto/opensslconf.h.in).
+ OpenVMS example:
+
+ $ set default sys$login:
+ $ create/dir [.tmp.openssl-build]
+ $ set default [.tmp.openssl-build]
+ $ @[PATH.TO.OPENSSL.SOURCE]config [[ options ]]
+
+ or
+
+ $ @[PATH.TO.OPENSSL.SOURCE]Configure {{ target }} [[ options ]]
+
+ Windows example:
+
+ $ C:
+ $ mkdir \temp-openssl
+ $ cd \temp-openssl
+ $ perl d:\PATH\TO\OPENSSL\SOURCE\Configure {{ target }} [[ options ]]
+
+ Paths can be relative just as well as absolute. Configure will
+ do its best to translate them to relative paths whenever possible.
2. Build OpenSSL by running:
- $ make
+ $ make # Unix
+ $ mms ! (or mmk) OpenVMS
+ $ nmake # Windows
- This will build the OpenSSL libraries (libcrypto.a and libssl.a) and the
- OpenSSL binary ("openssl"). The libraries will be built in the top-level
- directory, and the binary will be in the "apps" directory.
+ This will build the OpenSSL libraries (libcrypto.a and libssl.a on
+ Unix, corresponding on other platforms) and the OpenSSL binary
+ ("openssl"). The libraries will be built in the top-level directory,
+ and the binary will be in the "apps" subdirectory.
- If "make" fails, look at the output. There may be reasons for
- the failure that aren't problems in OpenSSL itself (like missing
- standard headers). If it is a problem with OpenSSL itself, please
- report the problem to <openssl-bugs@openssl.org> (note that your
- message will be forwarded to a public mailing list). Include the
- output of "make report" in your message.
+ If the build fails, look at the output. There may be reasons
+ for the failure that aren't problems in OpenSSL itself (like
+ missing standard headers). If you are having problems you can
+ get help by sending an email to the openssl-users email list (see
+ https://www.openssl.org/community/mailinglists.html for details). If
+ it is a bug with OpenSSL itself, please open an issue on GitHub, at
+ https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues. Please review the existing
+ ones first; maybe the bug was already reported or has already been
+ fixed.
- [If you encounter assembler error messages, try the "no-asm"
- configuration option as an immediate fix.]
+ (If you encounter assembler error messages, try the "no-asm"
+ configuration option as an immediate fix.)
Compiling parts of OpenSSL with gcc and others with the system
compiler will result in unresolved symbols on some systems.
3. After a successful build, the libraries should be tested. Run:
- $ make test
+ $ make test # Unix
+ $ mms test ! OpenVMS
+ $ nmake test # Windows
- If a test fails, look at the output. There may be reasons for
- the failure that isn't a problem in OpenSSL itself (like a missing
- or malfunctioning bc). If it is a problem with OpenSSL itself,
- try removing any compiler optimization flags from the CFLAGS line
- in Makefile.ssl and run "make clean; make". Please send a bug
- report to <openssl-bugs@openssl.org>, including the output of
- "make report".
+ NOTE: you MUST run the tests from an unprivileged account (or
+ disable your privileges temporarily if your platform allows it).
- 4. If everything tests ok, install OpenSSL with
+ If some tests fail, look at the output. There may be reasons for
+ the failure that isn't a problem in OpenSSL itself (like a
+ malfunction with Perl). You may want increased verbosity, that
+ can be accomplished like this:
+
+ $ make VERBOSE=1 test # Unix
+
+ $ mms /macro=(VERBOSE=1) test ! OpenVMS
+
+ $ nmake VERBOSE=1 test # Windows
- $ make install
+ If you want to run just one or a few specific tests, you can use
+ the make variable TESTS to specify them, like this:
- This will create the installation directory (if it does not exist) and
- then the following subdirectories:
+ $ make TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test # Unix
+ $ mms/macro="TESTS=test_rsa test_dsa" test ! OpenVMS
+ $ nmake TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test # Windows
- certs Initially empty, this is the default location
- for certificate files.
- man/man1 Manual pages for the 'openssl' command line tool
- man/man3 Manual pages for the libraries (very incomplete)
- misc Various scripts.
- private Initially empty, this is the default location
- for private key files.
+ And of course, you can combine (Unix example shown):
+
+ $ make VERBOSE=1 TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test
- If you didn't choose a different installation prefix, the
- following additional subdirectories will be created:
+ You can find the list of available tests like this:
- bin Contains the openssl binary and a few other
- utility programs.
- include/openssl Contains the header files needed if you want to
- compile programs with libcrypto or libssl.
- lib Contains the OpenSSL library files themselves.
+ $ make list-tests # Unix
+ $ mms list-tests ! OpenVMS
+ $ nmake list-tests # Windows
+
+ Have a look at the manual for the perl module Test::Harness to
+ see what other HARNESS_* variables there are.
+
+ If you find a problem with OpenSSL itself, try removing any
+ compiler optimization flags from the CFLAGS line in Makefile and
+ run "make clean; make" or corresponding.
+
+ Please send bug reports to <rt@openssl.org>.
+
+ For more details on how the make variables TESTS can be used,
+ see section TESTS in Detail below.
+
+ 4. If everything tests ok, install OpenSSL with
+
+ $ make install # Unix
+ $ mms install ! OpenVMS
+ $ nmake install # Windows
+
+ This will install all the software components in this directory
+ tree under PREFIX (the directory given with --prefix or its
+ default):
+
+ Unix:
+
+ bin/ Contains the openssl binary and a few other
+ utility scripts.
+ include/openssl
+ Contains the header files needed if you want
+ to build your own programs that use libcrypto
+ or libssl.
+ lib Contains the OpenSSL library files.
+ lib/engines Contains the OpenSSL dynamically loadable engines.
+
+ share/man/man1 Contains the OpenSSL command line man-pages.
+ share/man/man3 Contains the OpenSSL library calls man-pages.
+ share/man/man5 Contains the OpenSSL configuration format man-pages.
+ share/man/man7 Contains the OpenSSL other misc man-pages.
+
+ share/doc/openssl/html/man1
+ share/doc/openssl/html/man3
+ share/doc/openssl/html/man5
+ share/doc/openssl/html/man7
+ Contains the HTML rendition of the man-pages.
+
+ OpenVMS ('arch' is replaced with the architecture name, "Alpha"
+ or "ia64", 'sover' is replaced with the shared library version
+ (0101 for 1.1), and 'pz' is replaced with the pointer size
+ OpenSSL was built with):
+
+ [.EXE.'arch'] Contains the openssl binary.
+ [.EXE] Contains a few utility scripts.
+ [.include.openssl]
+ Contains the header files needed if you want
+ to build your own programs that use libcrypto
+ or libssl.
+ [.LIB.'arch'] Contains the OpenSSL library files.
+ [.ENGINES'sover''pz'.'arch']
+ Contains the OpenSSL dynamically loadable engines.
+ [.SYS$STARTUP] Contains startup, login and shutdown scripts.
+ These define appropriate logical names and
+ command symbols.
+ [.SYSTEST] Contains the installation verification procedure.
+ [.HTML] Contains the HTML rendition of the manual pages.
+
+
+ Additionally, install will add the following directories under
+ OPENSSLDIR (the directory given with --openssldir or its default)
+ for you convenience:
+
+ certs Initially empty, this is the default location
+ for certificate files.
+ private Initially empty, this is the default location
+ for private key files.
+ misc Various scripts.
Package builders who want to configure the library for standard
locations, but have the package installed somewhere else so that
it can easily be packaged, can use
- $ make INSTALL_PREFIX=/tmp/package-root install
+ $ make DESTDIR=/tmp/package-root install # Unix
+ $ mms/macro="DESTDIR=TMP:[PACKAGE-ROOT]" install ! OpenVMS
- (or specify "--install_prefix=/tmp/package-root" as a configure
- option). The specified prefix will be prepended to all
- installation target filenames.
+ The specified destination directory will be prepended to all
+ installation target paths.
+ Compatibility issues with previous OpenSSL versions:
- NOTE: The header files used to reside directly in the include
- directory, but have now been moved to include/openssl so that
- OpenSSL can co-exist with other libraries which use some of the
- same filenames. This means that applications that use OpenSSL
- should now use C preprocessor directives of the form
+ * COMPILING existing applications
- #include <openssl/ssl.h>
+ OpenSSL 1.1.0 hides a number of structures that were previously
+ open. This includes all internal libssl structures and a number
+ of EVP types. Accessor functions have been added to allow
+ controlled access to the structures' data.
- instead of "#include <ssl.h>", which was used with library versions
- up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b.
+ This means that some software needs to be rewritten to adapt to
+ the new ways of doing things. This often amounts to allocating
+ an instance of a structure explicitly where you could previously
+ allocate them on the stack as automatic variables, and using the
+ provided accessor functions where you would previously access a
+ structure's field directly.
- If you install a new version of OpenSSL over an old library version,
- you should delete the old header files in the include directory.
+ Some APIs have changed as well. However, older APIs have been
+ preserved when possible.
- Compatibility issues:
+ Environment Variables
+ ---------------------
- * COMPILING existing applications
+ A number of environment variables can be used to provide additional control
+ over the build process. Typically these should be defined prior to running
+ config or Configure. Not all environment variables are relevant to all
+ platforms.
+
+ AR
+ The name of the ar executable to use.
+
+ BUILDFILE
+ Use a different build file name than the platform default
+ ("Makefile" on Unixly platforms, "makefile" on native Windows,
+ "descrip.mms" on OpenVMS). This requires that there is a
+ corresponding build file template. See Configurations/README
+ for further information.
+
+ CC
+ The compiler to use. Configure will attempt to pick a default
+ compiler for your platform but this choice can be overridden
+ using this variable. Set it to the compiler executable you wish
+ to use, e.g. "gcc" or "clang".
+
+ CROSS_COMPILE
+ This environment variable has the same meaning as for the
+ "--cross-compile-prefix" Configure flag described above. If both
+ are set then the Configure flag takes precedence.
+
+ NM
+ The name of the nm executable to use.
+
+ OPENSSL_LOCAL_CONFIG_DIR
+ OpenSSL comes with a database of information about how it
+ should be built on different platforms as well as build file
+ templates for those platforms. The database is comprised of
+ ".conf" files in the Configurations directory. The build
+ file templates reside there as well as ".tmpl" files. See the
+ file Configurations/README for further information about the
+ format of ".conf" files as well as information on the ".tmpl"
+ files.
+ In addition to the standard ".conf" and ".tmpl" files, it is
+ possible to create your own ".conf" and ".tmpl" files and store
+ them locally, outside the OpenSSL source tree. This environment
+ variable can be set to the directory where these files are held
+ and will be considered by Configure before it looks in the
+ standard directories.
+
+ PERL
+ The name of the Perl executable to use when building OpenSSL.
+ This variable is used in config script only. Configure on the
+ other hand imposes the interpreter by which it itself was
+ executed on the whole build procedure.
+
+ HASHBANGPERL
+ The command string for the Perl executable to insert in the
+ #! line of perl scripts that will be publically installed.
+ Default: /usr/bin/env perl
+ Note: the value of this variable is added to the same scripts
+ on all platforms, but it's only relevant on Unix-like platforms.
+
+ RC
+ The name of the rc executable to use. The default will be as
+ defined for the target platform in the ".conf" file. If not
+ defined then "windres" will be used. The WINDRES environment
+ variable is synonymous to this. If both are defined then RC
+ takes precedence.
+
+ RANLIB
+ The name of the ranlib executable to use.
+
+ WINDRES
+ See RC.
- To compile an application that uses old filenames -- e.g.
- "#include <ssl.h>" --, it will usually be enough to find
- the CFLAGS definition in the application's Makefile and
- add a C option such as
+ Makefile targets
+ ----------------
- -I/usr/local/ssl/include/openssl
+ The Configure script generates a Makefile in a format relevant to the specific
+ platform. The Makefiles provide a number of targets that can be used. Not all
+ targets may be available on all platforms. Only the most common targets are
+ described here. Examine the Makefiles themselves for the full list.
- to it.
+ all
+ The default target to build all the software components.
- But don't delete the existing -I option that points to
- the ..../include directory! Otherwise, OpenSSL header files
- could not #include each other.
+ clean
+ Remove all build artefacts and return the directory to a "clean"
+ state.
- * WRITING applications
+ depend
+ Rebuild the dependencies in the Makefiles. This is a legacy
+ option that no longer needs to be used in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
- To write an application that is able to handle both the new
- and the old directory layout, so that it can still be compiled
- with library versions up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b without bothering
- the user, you can proceed as follows:
+ install
+ Install all OpenSSL components.
- - Always use the new filename of OpenSSL header files,
- e.g. #include <openssl/ssl.h>.
+ install_sw
+ Only install the OpenSSL software components.
- - Create a directory "incl" that contains only a symbolic
- link named "openssl", which points to the "include" directory
- of OpenSSL.
- For example, your application's Makefile might contain the
- following rule, if OPENSSLDIR is a pathname (absolute or
- relative) of the directory where OpenSSL resides:
+ install_docs
+ Only install the OpenSSL documentation components.
- incl/openssl:
- -mkdir incl
- cd $(OPENSSLDIR) # Check whether the directory really exists
- -ln -s `cd $(OPENSSLDIR); pwd`/include incl/openssl
+ install_man_docs
+ Only install the OpenSSL man pages (Unix only).
- You will have to add "incl/openssl" to the dependencies
- of those C files that include some OpenSSL header file.
+ install_html_docs
+ Only install the OpenSSL html documentation.
- - Add "-Iincl" to your CFLAGS.
+ list-tests
+ Prints a list of all the self test names.
- With these additions, the OpenSSL header files will be available
- under both name variants if an old library version is used:
- Your application can reach them under names like <openssl/foo.h>,
- while the header files still are able to #include each other
- with names of the form <foo.h>.
+ test
+ Build and run the OpenSSL self tests.
+ uninstall
+ Uninstall all OpenSSL components.
+
+ update
+ This is a developer option. If you are developing a patch for
+ OpenSSL you may need to use this if you want to update
+ automatically generated files; add new error codes or add new
+ (or change the visibility of) public API functions. (Unix only).
+
+ TESTS in Detail
+ ---------------
+
+ The make variable TESTS supports a versatile set of space separated tokens
+ with which you can specify a set of tests to be performed. With a "current
+ set of tests" in mind, initially being empty, here are the possible tokens:
+
+ alltests The current set of tests becomes the whole set of available
+ tests (as listed when you do 'make list-tests' or similar).
+ xxx Adds the test 'xxx' to the current set of tests.
+ -xxx Removes 'xxx' from the current set of tests. If this is the
+ first token in the list, the current set of tests is first
+ assigned the whole set of available tests, effectively making
+ this token equivalent to TESTS="alltests -xxx".
+ nn Adds the test group 'nn' (which is a number) to the current
+ set of tests.
+ -nn Removes the test group 'nn' from the current set of tests.
+ If this is the first token in the list, the current set of
+ tests is first assigned the whole set of available tests,
+ effectively making this token equivalent to
+ TESTS="alltests -xxx".
+
+ Also, all tokens except for "alltests" may have wildcards, such as *.
+ (on Unix and Windows, BSD style wildcards are supported, while on VMS,
+ it's VMS style wildcards)
+
+ Example: All tests except for the fuzz tests:
+
+ $ make TESTS=-test_fuzz test
+
+ or (if you want to be explicit)
+
+ $ make TESTS='alltests -test_fuzz' test
+
+ Example: All tests that have a name starting with "test_ssl" but not those
+ starting with "test_ssl_":
+
+ $ make TESTS='test_ssl* -test_ssl_*' test
+
+ Example: Only test group 10:
+
+ $ make TESTS='10'
+
+ Example: All tests except the slow group (group 99):
+
+ $ make TESTS='-99'
+
+ Example: All tests in test groups 80 to 99 except for tests in group 90:
+
+ $ make TESTS='[89]? -90'
Note on multi-threading
-----------------------
you can still use "no-threads" to suppress an annoying warning message
from the Configure script.)
+ OpenSSL provides built-in support for two threading models: pthreads (found on
+ most UNIX/Linux systems), and Windows threads. No other threading models are
+ supported. If your platform does not provide pthreads or Windows threads then
+ you should Configure with the "no-threads" option.
+
+ Notes on shared libraries
+ -------------------------
+
+ For most systems the OpenSSL Configure script knows what is needed to
+ build shared libraries for libcrypto and libssl. On these systems
+ the shared libraries will be created by default. This can be suppressed and
+ only static libraries created by using the "no-shared" option. On systems
+ where OpenSSL does not know how to build shared libraries the "no-shared"
+ option will be forced and only static libraries will be created.
+
+ Shared libraries are named a little differently on different platforms.
+ One way or another, they all have the major OpenSSL version number as
+ part of the file name, i.e. for OpenSSL 1.1.x, 1.1 is somehow part of
+ the name.
+
+ On most POSIXly platforms, shared libraries are named libcrypto.so.1.1
+ and libssl.so.1.1.
+
+ on Cygwin, shared libraries are named cygcrypto-1.1.dll and cygssl-1.1.dll
+ with import libraries libcrypto.dll.a and libssl.dll.a.
+
+ On Windows build with MSVC or using MingW, shared libraries are named
+ libcrypto-1_1.dll and libssl-1_1.dll for 32-bit Windows, libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll
+ and libssl-1_1-x64.dll for 64-bit x86_64 Windows, and libcrypto-1_1-ia64.dll
+ and libssl-1_1-ia64.dll for IA64 Windows. With MSVC, the import libraries
+ are named libcrypto.lib and libssl.lib, while with MingW, they are named
+ libcrypto.dll.a and libssl.dll.a.
+
+ On VMS, shareable images (VMS speak for shared libraries) are named
+ ossl$libcrypto0101_shr.exe and ossl$libssl0101_shr.exe. However, when
+ OpenSSL is specifically built for 32-bit pointers, the shareable images
+ are named ossl$libcrypto0101_shr32.exe and ossl$libssl0101_shr32.exe
+ instead, and when built for 64-bit pointers, they are named
+ ossl$libcrypto0101_shr64.exe and ossl$libssl0101_shr64.exe.
+
+ Note on random number generation
+ --------------------------------
+
+ Availability of cryptographically secure random numbers is required for
+ secret key generation. OpenSSL provides several options to seed the
+ internal PRNG. If not properly seeded, the internal PRNG will refuse
+ to deliver random bytes and a "PRNG not seeded error" will occur.
+ On systems without /dev/urandom (or similar) device, it may be necessary
+ to install additional support software to obtain a random seed.
+ Please check out the manual pages for RAND_add(), RAND_bytes(), RAND_egd(),
+ and the FAQ for more information.
- Note on shared libraries
- ------------------------
-
- Shared library is currently an experimental feature. The only reason to
- have them would be to conserve memory on systems where several program
- are using OpenSSL. Binary backward compatibility can't be guaranteed
- before OpenSSL version 1.0.
-
- For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what is needed to
- build shared libraries for libcrypto and libssl. On these systems,
- the shared libraries are currently not created by default, but giving
- the option "shared" will get them created. This method supports Makefile
- targets for shared library creation, like linux-shared. Those targets
- can currently be used on their own just as well, but this is expected
- to change in future versions of OpenSSL.
projects / openssl.git / blobdiff