5 Changes between 0.9.8i and 0.9.9 [xx XXX xxxx]
7 *) Delta CRL support. New use deltas option which will attempt to locate
8 and search any appropriate delta CRLs available.
10 This work was sponsored by Google.
13 *) Support for CRLs partitioned by reason code. Reorganise CRL processing
14 code and add additional score elements. Validate alternate CRL paths
15 as part of the CRL checking and indicate a new error "CRL path validation
16 error" in this case. Applications wanting additional details can use
17 the verify callback and check the new "parent" field. If this is not
18 NULL CRL path validation is taking place. Existing applications wont
19 see this because it requires extended CRL support which is off by
22 This work was sponsored by Google.
25 *) Support for freshest CRL extension.
27 This work was sponsored by Google.
30 *) Initial indirect CRL support. Currently only supported in the CRLs
31 passed directly and not via lookup. Process certificate issuer
32 CRL entry extension and lookup CRL entries by bother issuer name
33 and serial number. Check and process CRL issuer entry in IDP extension.
35 This work was sponsored by Google.
38 *) Add support for distinct certificate and CRL paths. The CRL issuer
39 certificate is validated separately in this case. Only enabled if
40 an extended CRL support flag is set: this flag will enable additional
41 CRL functionality in future.
43 This work was sponsored by Google.
46 *) Add support for policy mappings extension.
48 This work was sponsored by Google.
51 *) Fixes to pathlength constraint, self issued certificate handling,
52 policy processing to align with RFC3280 and PKITS tests.
54 This work was sponsored by Google.
57 *) Support for name constraints certificate extension. DN, email, DNS
58 and URI types are currently supported.
60 This work was sponsored by Google.
63 *) To cater for systems that provide a pointer-based thread ID rather
64 than numeric, deprecate the current numeric thread ID mechanism and
65 replace it with a structure and associated callback type. This
66 mechanism allows a numeric "hash" to be extracted from a thread ID in
67 either case, and on platforms where pointers are larger than 'long',
68 mixing is done to help ensure the numeric 'hash' is usable even if it
69 can't be guaranteed unique. The default mechanism is to use "&errno"
70 as a pointer-based thread ID to distinguish between threads.
72 Applications that want to provide their own thread IDs should now use
73 CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback() to register a callback that will call
74 either CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric() or CRYPTO_THREADID_set_pointer().
76 Note that ERR_remove_state() is now deprecated, because it is tied
77 to the assumption that thread IDs are numeric. ERR_remove_state(0)
78 to free the current thread's error state should be replaced by
79 ERR_remove_thread_state(NULL).
81 (This new approach replaces the functions CRYPTO_set_idptr_callback(),
82 CRYPTO_get_idptr_callback(), and CRYPTO_thread_idptr() that existed in
83 OpenSSL 0.9.9-dev between June 2006 and August 2008. Also, if an
84 application was previously providing a numeric thread callback that
85 was inappropriate for distinguishing threads, then uniqueness might
86 have been obtained with &errno that happened immediately in the
87 intermediate development versions of OpenSSL; this is no longer the
88 case, the numeric thread callback will now override the automatic use
90 [Geoff Thorpe, with help from Bodo Moeller]
92 *) Initial support for different CRL issuing certificates. This covers a
93 simple case where the self issued certificates in the chain exist and
94 the real CRL issuer is higher in the existing chain.
96 This work was sponsored by Google.
99 *) Removed effectively defunct crypto/store from the build.
102 *) Revamp of STACK to provide stronger type-checking. Still to come:
103 TXT_DB, bsearch(?), OBJ_bsearch, qsort, CRYPTO_EX_DATA, ASN1_VALUE,
104 ASN1_STRING, CONF_VALUE.
107 *) Add a new SSL_MODE_RELEASE_BUFFERS mode flag to release unused buffer
108 RAM on SSL connections. This option can save about 34k per idle SSL.
111 *) Revamp of LHASH to provide stronger type-checking. Still to come:
112 STACK, TXT_DB, bsearch, qsort.
115 *) Initial support for Cryptographic Message Syntax (aka CMS) based
116 on RFC3850, RFC3851 and RFC3852. New cms directory and cms utility,
117 support for data, signedData, compressedData, digestedData and
118 encryptedData, envelopedData types included. Scripts to check against
119 RFC4134 examples draft and interop and consistency checks of many
120 content types and variants.
123 *) Add options to enc utility to support use of zlib compression BIO.
126 *) Extend mk1mf to support importing of options and assembly language
127 files from Configure script, currently only included in VC-WIN32.
128 The assembly language rules can now optionally generate the source
129 files from the associated perl scripts.
132 *) Implement remaining functionality needed to support GOST ciphersuites.
133 Interop testing has been performed using CryptoPro implementations.
134 [Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>]
136 *) s390x assembler pack.
139 *) ARMv4 assembler pack. ARMv4 refers to v4 and later ISA, not CPU
143 *) Implement Opaque PRF Input TLS extension as specified in
144 draft-rescorla-tls-opaque-prf-input-00.txt. Since this is not an
145 official specification yet and no extension type assignment by
146 IANA exists, this extension (for now) will have to be explicitly
147 enabled when building OpenSSL by providing the extension number
148 to use. For example, specify an option
150 -DTLSEXT_TYPE_opaque_prf_input=0x9527
152 to the "config" or "Configure" script to enable the extension,
153 assuming extension number 0x9527 (which is a completely arbitrary
154 and unofficial assignment based on the MD5 hash of the Internet
155 Draft). Note that by doing so, you potentially lose
156 interoperability with other TLS implementations since these might
157 be using the same extension number for other purposes.
159 SSL_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input(ssl, src, len) is used to set the
160 opaque PRF input value to use in the handshake. This will create
161 an interal copy of the length-'len' string at 'src', and will
162 return non-zero for success.
164 To get more control and flexibility, provide a callback function
167 SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input_callback(ctx, cb)
168 SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input_callback_arg(ctx, arg)
172 int (*cb)(SSL *, void *peerinput, size_t len, void *arg);
175 Callback function 'cb' will be called in handshakes, and is
176 expected to use SSL_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input() as appropriate.
177 Argument 'arg' is for application purposes (the value as given to
178 SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input_callback_arg() will directly
179 be provided to the callback function). The callback function
180 has to return non-zero to report success: usually 1 to use opaque
181 PRF input just if possible, or 2 to enforce use of the opaque PRF
182 input. In the latter case, the library will abort the handshake
183 if opaque PRF input is not successfully negotiated.
185 Arguments 'peerinput' and 'len' given to the callback function
186 will always be NULL and 0 in the case of a client. A server will
187 see the client's opaque PRF input through these variables if
188 available (NULL and 0 otherwise). Note that if the server
189 provides an opaque PRF input, the length must be the same as the
190 length of the client's opaque PRF input.
192 Note that the callback function will only be called when creating
193 a new session (session resumption can resume whatever was
194 previously negotiated), and will not be called in SSL 2.0
195 handshakes; thus, SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2) or
196 SSL_set_options(ssl, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2) is especially recommended
197 for applications that need to enforce opaque PRF input.
201 *) Update ssl code to support digests other than SHA1+MD5 for handshake
204 [Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>]
206 *) Add RFC4507 support to OpenSSL. This includes the corrections in
207 RFC4507bis. The encrypted ticket format is an encrypted encoded
208 SSL_SESSION structure, that way new session features are automatically
211 If a client application caches session in an SSL_SESSION structure
212 support is transparent because tickets are now stored in the encoded
215 The SSL_CTX structure automatically generates keys for ticket
216 protection in servers so again support should be possible
217 with no application modification.
219 If a client or server wishes to disable RFC4507 support then the option
220 SSL_OP_NO_TICKET can be set.
222 Add a TLS extension debugging callback to allow the contents of any client
223 or server extensions to be examined.
225 This work was sponsored by Google.
228 *) Final changes to avoid use of pointer pointer casts in OpenSSL.
229 OpenSSL should now compile cleanly on gcc 4.2
230 [Peter Hartley <pdh@utter.chaos.org.uk>, Steve Henson]
232 *) Update SSL library to use new EVP_PKEY MAC API. Include generic MAC
233 support including streaming MAC support: this is required for GOST
235 [Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>, Steve Henson]
237 *) Add option -stream to use PKCS#7 streaming in smime utility. New
238 function i2d_PKCS7_bio_stream() and PEM_write_PKCS7_bio_stream()
239 to output in BER and PEM format.
242 *) Experimental support for use of HMAC via EVP_PKEY interface. This
243 allows HMAC to be handled via the EVP_DigestSign*() interface. The
244 EVP_PKEY "key" in this case is the HMAC key, potentially allowing
245 ENGINE support for HMAC keys which are unextractable. New -mac and
246 -macopt options to dgst utility.
249 *) New option -sigopt to dgst utility. Update dgst to use
250 EVP_Digest{Sign,Verify}*. These two changes make it possible to use
251 alternative signing paramaters such as X9.31 or PSS in the dgst
255 *) Change ssl_cipher_apply_rule(), the internal function that does
256 the work each time a ciphersuite string requests enabling
257 ("foo+bar"), moving ("+foo+bar"), disabling ("-foo+bar", or
258 removing ("!foo+bar") a class of ciphersuites: Now it maintains
259 the order of disabled ciphersuites such that those ciphersuites
260 that most recently went from enabled to disabled not only stay
261 in order with respect to each other, but also have higher priority
262 than other disabled ciphersuites the next time ciphersuites are
265 This means that you can now say, e.g., "PSK:-PSK:HIGH" to enable
266 the same ciphersuites as with "HIGH" alone, but in a specific
267 order where the PSK ciphersuites come first (since they are the
268 most recently disabled ciphersuites when "HIGH" is parsed).
270 Also, change ssl_create_cipher_list() (using this new
271 funcionality) such that between otherwise identical
272 cihpersuites, ephemeral ECDH is preferred over ephemeral DH in
276 *) Change ssl_create_cipher_list() so that it automatically
277 arranges the ciphersuites in reasonable order before starting
278 to process the rule string. Thus, the definition for "DEFAULT"
279 (SSL_DEFAULT_CIPHER_LIST) now is just "ALL:!aNULL:!eNULL", but
280 remains equivalent to "AES:ALL:!aNULL:!eNULL:+aECDH:+kRSA:+RC4:@STRENGTH".
281 This makes it much easier to arrive at a reasonable default order
282 in applications for which anonymous ciphers are OK (meaning
283 that you can't actually use DEFAULT).
284 [Bodo Moeller; suggested by Victor Duchovni]
286 *) Split the SSL/TLS algorithm mask (as used for ciphersuite string
287 processing) into multiple integers instead of setting
288 "SSL_MKEY_MASK" bits, "SSL_AUTH_MASK" bits, "SSL_ENC_MASK",
289 "SSL_MAC_MASK", and "SSL_SSL_MASK" bits all in a single integer.
290 (These masks as well as the individual bit definitions are hidden
291 away into the non-exported interface ssl/ssl_locl.h, so this
292 change to the definition of the SSL_CIPHER structure shouldn't
293 affect applications.) This give us more bits for each of these
294 categories, so there is no longer a need to coagulate AES128 and
295 AES256 into a single algorithm bit, and to coagulate Camellia128
296 and Camellia256 into a single algorithm bit, which has led to all
299 Thus, among other things, the kludge introduced in 0.9.7m and
300 0.9.8e for masking out AES256 independently of AES128 or masking
301 out Camellia256 independently of AES256 is not needed here in 0.9.9.
303 With the change, we also introduce new ciphersuite aliases that
304 so far were missing: "AES128", "AES256", "CAMELLIA128", and
308 *) Add support for dsa-with-SHA224 and dsa-with-SHA256.
309 Use the leftmost N bytes of the signature input if the input is
310 larger than the prime q (with N being the size in bytes of q).
313 *) Very *very* experimental PKCS#7 streaming encoder support. Nothing uses
314 it yet and it is largely untested.
317 *) Add support for the ecdsa-with-SHA224/256/384/512 signature types.
320 *) Initial incomplete changes to avoid need for function casts in OpenSSL
321 some compilers (gcc 4.2 and later) reject their use. Safestack is
322 reimplemented. Update ASN1 to avoid use of legacy functions.
325 *) Win32/64 targets are linked with Winsock2.
328 *) Add an X509_CRL_METHOD structure to allow CRL processing to be redirected
329 to external functions. This can be used to increase CRL handling
330 efficiency especially when CRLs are very large by (for example) storing
331 the CRL revoked certificates in a database.
334 *) Overhaul of by_dir code. Add support for dynamic loading of CRLs so
335 new CRLs added to a directory can be used. New command line option
336 -verify_return_error to s_client and s_server. This causes real errors
337 to be returned by the verify callback instead of carrying on no matter
338 what. This reflects the way a "real world" verify callback would behave.
341 *) GOST engine, supporting several GOST algorithms and public key formats.
342 Kindly donated by Cryptocom.
345 *) Partial support for Issuing Distribution Point CRL extension. CRLs
346 partitioned by DP are handled but no indirect CRL or reason partitioning
347 (yet). Complete overhaul of CRL handling: now the most suitable CRL is
348 selected via a scoring technique which handles IDP and AKID in CRLs.
351 *) New X509_STORE_CTX callbacks lookup_crls() and lookup_certs() which
352 will ultimately be used for all verify operations: this will remove the
353 X509_STORE dependency on certificate verification and allow alternative
354 lookup methods. X509_STORE based implementations of these two callbacks.
357 *) Allow multiple CRLs to exist in an X509_STORE with matching issuer names.
358 Modify get_crl() to find a valid (unexpired) CRL if possible.
361 *) New function X509_CRL_match() to check if two CRLs are identical. Normally
362 this would be called X509_CRL_cmp() but that name is already used by
363 a function that just compares CRL issuer names. Cache several CRL
364 extensions in X509_CRL structure and cache CRLDP in X509.
367 *) Store a "canonical" representation of X509_NAME structure (ASN1 Name)
368 this maps equivalent X509_NAME structures into a consistent structure.
369 Name comparison can then be performed rapidly using memcmp().
372 *) Non-blocking OCSP request processing. Add -timeout option to ocsp
376 *) Allow digests to supply their own micalg string for S/MIME type using
377 the ctrl EVP_MD_CTRL_MICALG.
380 *) During PKCS7 signing pass the PKCS7 SignerInfo structure to the
381 EVP_PKEY_METHOD before and after signing via the EVP_PKEY_CTRL_PKCS7_SIGN
382 ctrl. It can then customise the structure before and/or after signing
386 *) New function OBJ_add_sigid() to allow application defined signature OIDs
387 to be added to OpenSSLs internal tables. New function OBJ_sigid_free()
388 to free up any added signature OIDs.
391 *) New functions EVP_CIPHER_do_all(), EVP_CIPHER_do_all_sorted(),
392 EVP_MD_do_all() and EVP_MD_do_all_sorted() to enumerate internal
393 digest and cipher tables. New options added to openssl utility:
394 list-message-digest-algorithms and list-cipher-algorithms.
397 *) Change the array representation of binary polynomials: the list
398 of degrees of non-zero coefficients is now terminated with -1.
399 Previously it was terminated with 0, which was also part of the
400 value; thus, the array representation was not applicable to
401 polynomials where t^0 has coefficient zero. This change makes
402 the array representation useful in a more general context.
405 *) Various modifications and fixes to SSL/TLS cipher string
406 handling. For ECC, the code now distinguishes between fixed ECDH
407 with RSA certificates on the one hand and with ECDSA certificates
408 on the other hand, since these are separate ciphersuites. The
409 unused code for Fortezza ciphersuites has been removed.
411 For consistency with EDH, ephemeral ECDH is now called "EECDH"
412 (not "ECDHE"). For consistency with the code for DH
413 certificates, use of ECDH certificates is now considered ECDH
414 authentication, not RSA or ECDSA authentication (the latter is
415 merely the CA's signing algorithm and not actively used in the
418 The temporary ciphersuite alias "ECCdraft" is no longer
419 available, and ECC ciphersuites are no longer excluded from "ALL"
420 and "DEFAULT". The following aliases now exist for RFC 4492
421 ciphersuites, most of these by analogy with the DH case:
423 kECDHr - ECDH cert, signed with RSA
424 kECDHe - ECDH cert, signed with ECDSA
425 kECDH - ECDH cert (signed with either RSA or ECDSA)
426 kEECDH - ephemeral ECDH
427 ECDH - ECDH cert or ephemeral ECDH
433 AECDH - anonymous ECDH
434 EECDH - non-anonymous ephemeral ECDH (equivalent to "kEECDH:-AECDH")
438 *) Add additional S/MIME capabilities for AES and GOST ciphers if supported.
439 Use correct micalg parameters depending on digest(s) in signed message.
442 *) Add engine support for EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD. Add functions to process
443 an ENGINE asn1 method. Support ENGINE lookups in the ASN1 code.
446 *) Initial engine support for EVP_PKEY_METHOD. New functions to permit
447 an engine to register a method. Add ENGINE lookups for methods and
448 functional reference processing.
451 *) New functions EVP_Digest{Sign,Verify)*. These are enchance versions of
452 EVP_{Sign,Verify}* which allow an application to customise the signature
456 *) New -resign option to smime utility. This adds one or more signers
457 to an existing PKCS#7 signedData structure. Also -md option to use an
458 alternative message digest algorithm for signing.
461 *) Tidy up PKCS#7 routines and add new functions to make it easier to
462 create PKCS7 structures containing multiple signers. Update smime
463 application to support multiple signers.
466 *) New -macalg option to pkcs12 utility to allow setting of an alternative
470 *) Initial support for PKCS#5 v2.0 PRFs other than default SHA1 HMAC.
471 Reorganize PBE internals to lookup from a static table using NIDs,
472 add support for HMAC PBE OID translation. Add a EVP_CIPHER ctrl:
473 EVP_CTRL_PBE_PRF_NID this allows a cipher to specify an alternative
474 PRF which will be automatically used with PBES2.
477 *) Replace the algorithm specific calls to generate keys in "req" with the
481 *) Update PKCS#7 enveloped data routines to use new API. This is now
482 supported by any public key method supporting the encrypt operation. A
483 ctrl is added to allow the public key algorithm to examine or modify
484 the PKCS#7 RecipientInfo structure if it needs to: for RSA this is
488 *) Add a ctrl to asn1 method to allow a public key algorithm to express
489 a default digest type to use. In most cases this will be SHA1 but some
490 algorithms (such as GOST) need to specify an alternative digest. The
491 return value indicates how strong the prefernce is 1 means optional and
492 2 is mandatory (that is it is the only supported type). Modify
493 ASN1_item_sign() to accept a NULL digest argument to indicate it should
494 use the default md. Update openssl utilities to use the default digest
495 type for signing if it is not explicitly indicated.
498 *) Use OID cross reference table in ASN1_sign() and ASN1_verify(). New
499 EVP_MD flag EVP_MD_FLAG_PKEY_METHOD_SIGNATURE. This uses the relevant
500 signing method from the key type. This effectively removes the link
501 between digests and public key types.
504 *) Add an OID cross reference table and utility functions. Its purpose is to
505 translate between signature OIDs such as SHA1WithrsaEncryption and SHA1,
506 rsaEncryption. This will allow some of the algorithm specific hackery
507 needed to use the correct OID to be removed.
510 *) Remove algorithm specific dependencies when setting PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO
511 structures for PKCS7_sign(). They are now set up by the relevant public
515 *) Add provisional EC pkey method with support for ECDSA and ECDH.
518 *) Add support for key derivation (agreement) in the API, DH method and
522 *) Add DSA pkey method and DH pkey methods, extend DH ASN1 method to support
523 public and private key formats. As a side effect these add additional
524 command line functionality not previously available: DSA signatures can be
525 generated and verified using pkeyutl and DH key support and generation in
530 [Oliver Tappe <zooey@hirschkaefer.de>]
532 *) New make target "install_html_docs" installs HTML renditions of the
534 [Oliver Tappe <zooey@hirschkaefer.de>]
536 *) New utility "genpkey" this is analagous to "genrsa" etc except it can
537 generate keys for any algorithm. Extend and update EVP_PKEY_METHOD to
538 support key and parameter generation and add initial key generation
539 functionality for RSA.
542 *) Add functions for main EVP_PKEY_method operations. The undocumented
543 functions EVP_PKEY_{encrypt,decrypt} have been renamed to
544 EVP_PKEY_{encrypt,decrypt}_old.
547 *) Initial definitions for EVP_PKEY_METHOD. This will be a high level public
548 key API, doesn't do much yet.
551 *) New function EVP_PKEY_asn1_get0_info() to retrieve information about
552 public key algorithms. New option to openssl utility:
553 "list-public-key-algorithms" to print out info.
556 *) Implement the Supported Elliptic Curves Extension for
557 ECC ciphersuites from draft-ietf-tls-ecc-12.txt.
560 *) Don't free up OIDs in OBJ_cleanup() if they are in use by EVP_MD or
561 EVP_CIPHER structures to avoid later problems in EVP_cleanup().
564 *) New utilities pkey and pkeyparam. These are similar to algorithm specific
565 utilities such as rsa, dsa, dsaparam etc except they process any key
569 *) Transfer public key printing routines to EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD. New
570 functions EVP_PKEY_print_public(), EVP_PKEY_print_private(),
571 EVP_PKEY_print_param() to print public key data from an EVP_PKEY
575 *) Initial support for pluggable public key ASN1.
576 De-spaghettify the public key ASN1 handling. Move public and private
577 key ASN1 handling to a new EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD structure. Relocate
578 algorithm specific handling to a single module within the relevant
579 algorithm directory. Add functions to allow (near) opaque processing
580 of public and private key structures.
583 *) Implement the Supported Point Formats Extension for
584 ECC ciphersuites from draft-ietf-tls-ecc-12.txt.
587 *) Add initial support for RFC 4279 PSK TLS ciphersuites. Add members
588 for the psk identity [hint] and the psk callback functions to the
589 SSL_SESSION, SSL and SSL_CTX structure.
592 PSK-RC4-SHA, PSK-3DES-EDE-CBC-SHA, PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA,
596 SSL_CTX_use_psk_identity_hint
597 SSL_get_psk_identity_hint
599 SSL_use_psk_identity_hint
601 [Mika Kousa and Pasi Eronen of Nokia Corporation]
603 *) Add RFC 3161 compliant time stamp request creation, response generation
604 and response verification functionality.
605 [Zoltán Glózik <zglozik@opentsa.org>, The OpenTSA Project]
607 *) Add initial support for TLS extensions, specifically for the server_name
608 extension so far. The SSL_SESSION, SSL_CTX, and SSL data structures now
609 have new members for a host name. The SSL data structure has an
610 additional member SSL_CTX *initial_ctx so that new sessions can be
611 stored in that context to allow for session resumption, even after the
612 SSL has been switched to a new SSL_CTX in reaction to a client's
613 server_name extension.
615 New functions (subject to change):
618 SSL_get_servername_type()
621 New CTRL codes and macros (subject to change):
623 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_CB
624 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback()
625 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_ARG
626 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg()
627 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME - SSL_set_tlsext_host_name()
629 openssl s_client has a new '-servername ...' option.
631 openssl s_server has new options '-servername_host ...', '-cert2 ...',
632 '-key2 ...', '-servername_fatal' (subject to change). This allows
633 testing the HostName extension for a specific single host name ('-cert'
634 and '-key' remain fallbacks for handshakes without HostName
635 negotiation). If the unrecogninzed_name alert has to be sent, this by
636 default is a warning; it becomes fatal with the '-servername_fatal'
639 [Peter Sylvester, Remy Allais, Christophe Renou]
641 *) Whirlpool hash implementation is added.
644 *) BIGNUM code on 64-bit SPARCv9 targets is switched from bn(64,64) to
645 bn(64,32). Because of instruction set limitations it doesn't have
646 any negative impact on performance. This was done mostly in order
647 to make it possible to share assembler modules, such as bn_mul_mont
648 implementations, between 32- and 64-bit builds without hassle.
651 *) Move code previously exiled into file crypto/ec/ec2_smpt.c
652 to ec2_smpl.c, and no longer require the OPENSSL_EC_BIN_PT_COMP
656 *) New candidate for BIGNUM assembler implementation, bn_mul_mont,
657 dedicated Montgomery multiplication procedure, is introduced.
658 BN_MONT_CTX is modified to allow bn_mul_mont to reach for higher
659 "64-bit" performance on certain 32-bit targets.
662 *) New option SSL_OP_NO_COMP to disable use of compression selectively
663 in SSL structures. New SSL ctrl to set maximum send fragment size.
664 Save memory by seeting the I/O buffer sizes dynamically instead of
665 using the maximum available value.
668 *) New option -V for 'openssl ciphers'. This prints the ciphersuite code
669 in addition to the text details.
672 *) Very, very preliminary EXPERIMENTAL support for printing of general
673 ASN1 structures. This currently produces rather ugly output and doesn't
674 handle several customised structures at all.
677 *) Integrated support for PVK file format and some related formats such
678 as MS PUBLICKEYBLOB and PRIVATEKEYBLOB. Command line switches to support
679 these in the 'rsa' and 'dsa' utilities.
682 *) Support for PKCS#1 RSAPublicKey format on rsa utility command line.
685 *) Remove the ancient ASN1_METHOD code. This was only ever used in one
686 place for the (very old) "NETSCAPE" format certificates which are now
687 handled using new ASN1 code equivalents.
690 *) Let the TLSv1_method() etc. functions return a 'const' SSL_METHOD
691 pointer and make the SSL_METHOD parameter in SSL_CTX_new,
692 SSL_CTX_set_ssl_version and SSL_set_ssl_method 'const'.
695 *) Modify CRL distribution points extension code to print out previously
696 unsupported fields. Enhance extension setting code to allow setting of
700 *) Add print and set support for Issuing Distribution Point CRL extension.
703 *) Change 'Configure' script to enable Camellia by default.
706 Changes between 0.9.8h and 0.9.8i [xx XXX xxxx]
708 *) Various precautionary measures:
710 - Avoid size_t integer overflow in HASH_UPDATE (md32_common.h).
712 - Avoid a buffer overflow in d2i_SSL_SESSION() (ssl_asn1.c).
713 (NB: This would require knowledge of the secret session ticket key
714 to exploit, in which case you'd be SOL either way.)
716 - Change bn_nist.c so that it will properly handle input BIGNUMs
717 outside the expected range.
719 - Enforce the 'num' check in BN_div() (bn_div.c) for non-BN_DEBUG
722 [Neel Mehta, Bodo Moeller]
724 *) Add support for Local Machine Keyset attribute in PKCS#12 files.
727 *) Fix BN_GF2m_mod_arr() top-bit cleanup code.
730 *) Expand ENGINE to support engine supplied SSL client certificate functions.
732 This work was sponsored by Logica.
735 *) Add CryptoAPI ENGINE to support use of RSA and DSA keys held in Windows
736 keystores. Support for SSL/TLS client authentication too.
737 Not compiled unless enable-capieng specified to Configure.
739 This work was sponsored by Logica.
742 Changes between 0.9.8g and 0.9.8h [28 May 2008]
744 *) Fix flaw if 'Server Key exchange message' is omitted from a TLS
745 handshake which could lead to a cilent crash as found using the
746 Codenomicon TLS test suite (CVE-2008-1672)
747 [Steve Henson, Mark Cox]
749 *) Fix double free in TLS server name extensions which could lead to
750 a remote crash found by Codenomicon TLS test suite (CVE-2008-0891)
753 *) Clear error queue in SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file()
755 Clear the error queue to ensure that error entries left from
756 older function calls do not interfere with the correct operation.
757 [Lutz Jaenicke, Erik de Castro Lopo]
759 *) Remove root CA certificates of commercial CAs:
761 The OpenSSL project does not recommend any specific CA and does not
762 have any policy with respect to including or excluding any CA.
763 Therefore it does not make any sense to ship an arbitrary selection
764 of root CA certificates with the OpenSSL software.
767 *) RSA OAEP patches to fix two separate invalid memory reads.
768 The first one involves inputs when 'lzero' is greater than
769 'SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH' (it would read about SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH bytes
770 before the beginning of from). The second one involves inputs where
771 the 'db' section contains nothing but zeroes (there is a one-byte
772 invalid read after the end of 'db').
773 [Ivan Nestlerode <inestlerode@us.ibm.com>]
775 *) Add TLS session ticket callback. This allows an application to set
776 TLS ticket cipher and HMAC keys rather than relying on hardcoded fixed
777 values. This is useful for key rollover for example where several key
778 sets may exist with different names.
781 *) Reverse ENGINE-internal logic for caching default ENGINE handles.
782 This was broken until now in 0.9.8 releases, such that the only way
783 a registered ENGINE could be used (assuming it initialises
784 successfully on the host) was to explicitly set it as the default
785 for the relevant algorithms. This is in contradiction with 0.9.7
786 behaviour and the documentation. With this fix, when an ENGINE is
787 registered into a given algorithm's table of implementations, the
788 'uptodate' flag is reset so that auto-discovery will be used next
789 time a new context for that algorithm attempts to select an
791 [Ian Lister (tweaked by Geoff Thorpe)]
793 *) Update the GMP engine glue to do direct copies between BIGNUM and
794 mpz_t when openssl and GMP use the same limb size. Otherwise the
795 existing "conversion via a text string export" trick is still used.
796 [Paul Sheer <paulsheer@gmail.com>, Geoff Thorpe]
798 *) Zlib compression BIO. This is a filter BIO which compressed and
799 uncompresses any data passed through it.
802 *) Add AES_wrap_key() and AES_unwrap_key() functions to implement
803 RFC3394 compatible AES key wrapping.
806 *) Add utility functions to handle ASN1 structures. ASN1_STRING_set0():
807 sets string data without copying. X509_ALGOR_set0() and
808 X509_ALGOR_get0(): set and retrieve X509_ALGOR (AlgorithmIdentifier)
809 data. Attribute function X509at_get0_data_by_OBJ(): retrieves data
810 from an X509_ATTRIBUTE structure optionally checking it occurs only
811 once. ASN1_TYPE_set1(): set and ASN1_TYPE structure copying supplied
815 *) Fix BN flag handling in RSA_eay_mod_exp() and BN_MONT_CTX_set()
816 to get the expected BN_FLG_CONSTTIME behavior.
817 [Bodo Moeller (Google)]
821 - fixed wrong usage of ioctlsocket() when build for LIBC BSD sockets
822 - fixed do_tests.pl to run the test suite with CLIB builds too (CLIB_OPT)
823 - added some more tests to do_tests.pl
824 - fixed RunningProcess usage so that it works with newer LIBC NDKs too
825 - removed usage of BN_LLONG for CLIB builds to avoid runtime dependency
826 - added new Configure targets netware-clib-bsdsock, netware-clib-gcc,
827 netware-clib-bsdsock-gcc, netware-libc-bsdsock-gcc
828 - various changes to netware.pl to enable gcc-cross builds on Win32
830 - changed crypto/bio/b_sock.c to work with macro functions (CLIB BSD)
831 - various changes to fix missing prototype warnings
832 - fixed x86nasm.pl to create correct asm files for NASM COFF output
833 - added AES, WHIRLPOOL and CPUID assembler code to build files
834 - added missing AES assembler make rules to mk1mf.pl
835 - fixed order of includes in apps/ocsp.c so that e_os.h settings apply
836 [Guenter Knauf <eflash@gmx.net>]
838 *) Implement certificate status request TLS extension defined in RFC3546.
839 A client can set the appropriate parameters and receive the encoded
840 OCSP response via a callback. A server can query the supplied parameters
841 and set the encoded OCSP response in the callback. Add simplified examples
842 to s_client and s_server.
845 Changes between 0.9.8f and 0.9.8g [19 Oct 2007]
848 + Binary incompatibility of ssl_ctx_st structure
849 + DTLS interoperation with non-compliant servers
850 + Don't call get_session_cb() without proposed session
851 + Fix ia64 assembler code
852 [Andy Polyakov, Steve Henson]
854 Changes between 0.9.8e and 0.9.8f [11 Oct 2007]
856 *) DTLS Handshake overhaul. There were longstanding issues with
857 OpenSSL DTLS implementation, which were making it impossible for
858 RFC 4347 compliant client to communicate with OpenSSL server.
859 Unfortunately just fixing these incompatibilities would "cut off"
860 pre-0.9.8f clients. To allow for hassle free upgrade post-0.9.8e
861 server keeps tolerating non RFC compliant syntax. The opposite is
862 not true, 0.9.8f client can not communicate with earlier server.
863 This update even addresses CVE-2007-4995.
866 *) Changes to avoid need for function casts in OpenSSL: some compilers
867 (gcc 4.2 and later) reject their use.
868 [Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>, Peter Hartley <pdh@utter.chaos.org.uk>,
871 *) Add RFC4507 support to OpenSSL. This includes the corrections in
872 RFC4507bis. The encrypted ticket format is an encrypted encoded
873 SSL_SESSION structure, that way new session features are automatically
876 If a client application caches session in an SSL_SESSION structure
877 support is transparent because tickets are now stored in the encoded
880 The SSL_CTX structure automatically generates keys for ticket
881 protection in servers so again support should be possible
882 with no application modification.
884 If a client or server wishes to disable RFC4507 support then the option
885 SSL_OP_NO_TICKET can be set.
887 Add a TLS extension debugging callback to allow the contents of any client
888 or server extensions to be examined.
890 This work was sponsored by Google.
893 *) Add initial support for TLS extensions, specifically for the server_name
894 extension so far. The SSL_SESSION, SSL_CTX, and SSL data structures now
895 have new members for a host name. The SSL data structure has an
896 additional member SSL_CTX *initial_ctx so that new sessions can be
897 stored in that context to allow for session resumption, even after the
898 SSL has been switched to a new SSL_CTX in reaction to a client's
899 server_name extension.
901 New functions (subject to change):
904 SSL_get_servername_type()
907 New CTRL codes and macros (subject to change):
909 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_CB
910 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback()
911 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_ARG
912 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg()
913 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME - SSL_set_tlsext_host_name()
915 openssl s_client has a new '-servername ...' option.
917 openssl s_server has new options '-servername_host ...', '-cert2 ...',
918 '-key2 ...', '-servername_fatal' (subject to change). This allows
919 testing the HostName extension for a specific single host name ('-cert'
920 and '-key' remain fallbacks for handshakes without HostName
921 negotiation). If the unrecogninzed_name alert has to be sent, this by
922 default is a warning; it becomes fatal with the '-servername_fatal'
925 [Peter Sylvester, Remy Allais, Christophe Renou, Steve Henson]
927 *) Add AES and SSE2 assembly language support to VC++ build.
930 *) Mitigate attack on final subtraction in Montgomery reduction.
933 *) Fix crypto/ec/ec_mult.c to work properly with scalars of value 0
934 (which previously caused an internal error).
937 *) Squeeze another 10% out of IGE mode when in != out.
940 *) AES IGE mode speedup.
941 [Dean Gaudet (Google)]
943 *) Add the Korean symmetric 128-bit cipher SEED (see
944 http://www.kisa.or.kr/kisa/seed/jsp/seed_eng.jsp) and
945 add SEED ciphersuites from RFC 4162:
947 TLS_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "SEED-SHA"
948 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "DHE-DSS-SEED-SHA"
949 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "DHE-RSA-SEED-SHA"
950 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "ADH-SEED-SHA"
952 To minimize changes between patchlevels in the OpenSSL 0.9.8
953 series, SEED remains excluded from compilation unless OpenSSL
954 is configured with 'enable-seed'.
957 *) Mitigate branch prediction attacks, which can be practical if a
958 single processor is shared, allowing a spy process to extract
959 information. For detailed background information, see
960 http://eprint.iacr.org/2007/039 (O. Aciicmez, S. Gueron,
961 J.-P. Seifert, "New Branch Prediction Vulnerabilities in OpenSSL
962 and Necessary Software Countermeasures"). The core of the change
963 are new versions BN_div_no_branch() and
964 BN_mod_inverse_no_branch() of BN_div() and BN_mod_inverse(),
965 respectively, which are slower, but avoid the security-relevant
966 conditional branches. These are automatically called by BN_div()
967 and BN_mod_inverse() if the flag BN_FLG_CONSTTIME is set for one
968 of the input BIGNUMs. Also, BN_is_bit_set() has been changed to
969 remove a conditional branch.
971 BN_FLG_CONSTTIME is the new name for the previous
972 BN_FLG_EXP_CONSTTIME flag, since it now affects more than just
973 modular exponentiation. (Since OpenSSL 0.9.7h, setting this flag
974 in the exponent causes BN_mod_exp_mont() to use the alternative
975 implementation in BN_mod_exp_mont_consttime().) The old name
976 remains as a deprecated alias.
978 Similary, RSA_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME is replaced by a more general
979 RSA_FLAG_NO_CONSTTIME flag since the RSA implementation now uses
980 constant-time implementations for more than just exponentiation.
981 Here too the old name is kept as a deprecated alias.
983 BN_BLINDING_new() will now use BN_dup() for the modulus so that
984 the BN_BLINDING structure gets an independent copy of the
985 modulus. This means that the previous "BIGNUM *m" argument to
986 BN_BLINDING_new() and to BN_BLINDING_create_param() now
987 essentially becomes "const BIGNUM *m", although we can't actually
988 change this in the header file before 0.9.9. It allows
989 RSA_setup_blinding() to use BN_with_flags() on the modulus to
990 enable BN_FLG_CONSTTIME.
992 [Matthew D Wood (Intel Corp)]
994 *) In the SSL/TLS server implementation, be strict about session ID
995 context matching (which matters if an application uses a single
996 external cache for different purposes). Previously,
997 out-of-context reuse was forbidden only if SSL_VERIFY_PEER was
998 set. This did ensure strict client verification, but meant that,
999 with applications using a single external cache for quite
1000 different requirements, clients could circumvent ciphersuite
1001 restrictions for a given session ID context by starting a session
1002 in a different context.
1005 *) Include "!eNULL" in SSL_DEFAULT_CIPHER_LIST to make sure that
1006 a ciphersuite string such as "DEFAULT:RSA" cannot enable
1007 authentication-only ciphersuites.
1010 Changes between 0.9.8d and 0.9.8e [23 Feb 2007]
1012 *) Since AES128 and AES256 (and similarly Camellia128 and
1013 Camellia256) share a single mask bit in the logic of
1014 ssl/ssl_ciph.c, the code for masking out disabled ciphers needs a
1015 kludge to work properly if AES128 is available and AES256 isn't
1016 (or if Camellia128 is available and Camellia256 isn't).
1019 *) Fix the BIT STRING encoding generated by crypto/ec/ec_asn1.c
1020 (within i2d_ECPrivateKey, i2d_ECPKParameters, i2d_ECParameters):
1021 When a point or a seed is encoded in a BIT STRING, we need to
1022 prevent the removal of trailing zero bits to get the proper DER
1023 encoding. (By default, crypto/asn1/a_bitstr.c assumes the case
1024 of a NamedBitList, for which trailing 0 bits need to be removed.)
1027 *) Have SSL/TLS server implementation tolerate "mismatched" record
1028 protocol version while receiving ClientHello even if the
1029 ClientHello is fragmented. (The server can't insist on the
1030 particular protocol version it has chosen before the ServerHello
1031 message has informed the client about his choice.)
1034 *) Add RFC 3779 support.
1035 [Rob Austein for ARIN, Ben Laurie]
1037 *) Load error codes if they are not already present instead of using a
1038 static variable. This allows them to be cleanly unloaded and reloaded.
1039 Improve header file function name parsing.
1042 *) extend SMTP and IMAP protocol emulation in s_client to use EHLO
1043 or CAPABILITY handshake as required by RFCs.
1046 Changes between 0.9.8c and 0.9.8d [28 Sep 2006]
1048 *) Introduce limits to prevent malicious keys being able to
1049 cause a denial of service. (CVE-2006-2940)
1050 [Steve Henson, Bodo Moeller]
1052 *) Fix ASN.1 parsing of certain invalid structures that can result
1053 in a denial of service. (CVE-2006-2937) [Steve Henson]
1055 *) Fix buffer overflow in SSL_get_shared_ciphers() function.
1056 (CVE-2006-3738) [Tavis Ormandy and Will Drewry, Google Security Team]
1058 *) Fix SSL client code which could crash if connecting to a
1059 malicious SSLv2 server. (CVE-2006-4343)
1060 [Tavis Ormandy and Will Drewry, Google Security Team]
1062 *) Since 0.9.8b, ciphersuite strings naming explicit ciphersuites
1063 match only those. Before that, "AES256-SHA" would be interpreted
1064 as a pattern and match "AES128-SHA" too (since AES128-SHA got
1065 the same strength classification in 0.9.7h) as we currently only
1066 have a single AES bit in the ciphersuite description bitmap.
1067 That change, however, also applied to ciphersuite strings such as
1068 "RC4-MD5" that intentionally matched multiple ciphersuites --
1069 namely, SSL 2.0 ciphersuites in addition to the more common ones
1070 from SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0.
1072 So we change the selection algorithm again: Naming an explicit
1073 ciphersuite selects this one ciphersuite, and any other similar
1074 ciphersuite (same bitmap) from *other* protocol versions.
1075 Thus, "RC4-MD5" again will properly select both the SSL 2.0
1076 ciphersuite and the SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0 ciphersuite.
1078 Since SSL 2.0 does not have any ciphersuites for which the
1079 128/256 bit distinction would be relevant, this works for now.
1080 The proper fix will be to use different bits for AES128 and
1081 AES256, which would have avoided the problems from the beginning;
1082 however, bits are scarce, so we can only do this in a new release
1083 (not just a patchlevel) when we can change the SSL_CIPHER
1084 definition to split the single 'unsigned long mask' bitmap into
1085 multiple values to extend the available space.
1089 Changes between 0.9.8b and 0.9.8c [05 Sep 2006]
1091 *) Avoid PKCS #1 v1.5 signature attack discovered by Daniel Bleichenbacher
1092 (CVE-2006-4339) [Ben Laurie and Google Security Team]
1094 *) Add AES IGE and biIGE modes.
1097 *) Change the Unix randomness entropy gathering to use poll() when
1098 possible instead of select(), since the latter has some
1099 undesirable limitations.
1100 [Darryl Miles via Richard Levitte and Bodo Moeller]
1102 *) Disable "ECCdraft" ciphersuites more thoroughly. Now special
1103 treatment in ssl/ssl_ciph.s makes sure that these ciphersuites
1104 cannot be implicitly activated as part of, e.g., the "AES" alias.
1105 However, please upgrade to OpenSSL 0.9.9[-dev] for
1106 non-experimental use of the ECC ciphersuites to get TLS extension
1107 support, which is required for curve and point format negotiation
1108 to avoid potential handshake problems.
1111 *) Disable rogue ciphersuites:
1113 - SSLv2 0x08 0x00 0x80 ("RC4-64-MD5")
1114 - SSLv3/TLSv1 0x00 0x61 ("EXP1024-RC2-CBC-MD5")
1115 - SSLv3/TLSv1 0x00 0x60 ("EXP1024-RC4-MD5")
1117 The latter two were purportedly from
1118 draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-0[01].txt, but do not really
1121 Also deactivate the remaining ciphersuites from
1122 draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-01.txt. These are just as
1123 unofficial, and the ID has long expired.
1126 *) Fix RSA blinding Heisenbug (problems sometimes occured on
1127 dual-core machines) and other potential thread-safety issues.
1130 *) Add the symmetric cipher Camellia (128-bit, 192-bit, 256-bit key
1131 versions), which is now available for royalty-free use
1132 (see http://info.isl.ntt.co.jp/crypt/eng/info/chiteki.html).
1133 Also, add Camellia TLS ciphersuites from RFC 4132.
1135 To minimize changes between patchlevels in the OpenSSL 0.9.8
1136 series, Camellia remains excluded from compilation unless OpenSSL
1137 is configured with 'enable-camellia'.
1140 *) Disable the padding bug check when compression is in use. The padding
1141 bug check assumes the first packet is of even length, this is not
1142 necessarily true if compresssion is enabled and can result in false
1143 positives causing handshake failure. The actual bug test is ancient
1144 code so it is hoped that implementations will either have fixed it by
1145 now or any which still have the bug do not support compression.
1148 Changes between 0.9.8a and 0.9.8b [04 May 2006]
1150 *) When applying a cipher rule check to see if string match is an explicit
1151 cipher suite and only match that one cipher suite if it is.
1154 *) Link in manifests for VC++ if needed.
1155 [Austin Ziegler <halostatue@gmail.com>]
1157 *) Update support for ECC-based TLS ciphersuites according to
1158 draft-ietf-tls-ecc-12.txt with proposed changes (but without
1159 TLS extensions, which are supported starting with the 0.9.9
1160 branch, not in the OpenSSL 0.9.8 branch).
1163 *) New functions EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new() and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free() to support
1164 opaque EVP_CIPHER_CTX handling.
1167 *) Fixes and enhancements to zlib compression code. We now only use
1168 "zlib1.dll" and use the default __cdecl calling convention on Win32
1169 to conform with the standards mentioned here:
1170 http://www.zlib.net/DLL_FAQ.txt
1171 Static zlib linking now works on Windows and the new --with-zlib-include
1172 --with-zlib-lib options to Configure can be used to supply the location
1173 of the headers and library. Gracefully handle case where zlib library
1177 *) Several fixes and enhancements to the OID generation code. The old code
1178 sometimes allowed invalid OIDs (1.X for X >= 40 for example), couldn't
1179 handle numbers larger than ULONG_MAX, truncated printing and had a
1180 non standard OBJ_obj2txt() behaviour.
1183 *) Add support for building of engines under engine/ as shared libraries
1184 under VC++ build system.
1187 *) Corrected the numerous bugs in the Win32 path splitter in DSO.
1188 Hopefully, we will not see any false combination of paths any more.
1191 Changes between 0.9.8 and 0.9.8a [11 Oct 2005]
1193 *) Remove the functionality of SSL_OP_MSIE_SSLV2_RSA_PADDING
1194 (part of SSL_OP_ALL). This option used to disable the
1195 countermeasure against man-in-the-middle protocol-version
1196 rollback in the SSL 2.0 server implementation, which is a bad
1197 idea. (CVE-2005-2969)
1199 [Bodo Moeller; problem pointed out by Yutaka Oiwa (Research Center
1200 for Information Security, National Institute of Advanced Industrial
1201 Science and Technology [AIST], Japan)]
1203 *) Add two function to clear and return the verify parameter flags.
1206 *) Keep cipherlists sorted in the source instead of sorting them at
1207 runtime, thus removing the need for a lock.
1210 *) Avoid some small subgroup attacks in Diffie-Hellman.
1211 [Nick Mathewson and Ben Laurie]
1213 *) Add functions for well-known primes.
1216 *) Extended Windows CE support.
1217 [Satoshi Nakamura and Andy Polyakov]
1219 *) Initialize SSL_METHOD structures at compile time instead of during
1220 runtime, thus removing the need for a lock.
1223 *) Make PKCS7_decrypt() work even if no certificate is supplied by
1224 attempting to decrypt each encrypted key in turn. Add support to
1228 Changes between 0.9.7h and 0.9.8 [05 Jul 2005]
1230 [NB: OpenSSL 0.9.7i and later 0.9.7 patch levels were released after
1233 *) Add libcrypto.pc and libssl.pc for those who feel they need them.
1236 *) Change CA.sh and CA.pl so they don't bundle the CSR and the private
1237 key into the same file any more.
1240 *) Add initial support for Win64, both IA64 and AMD64/x64 flavors.
1243 *) Add -utf8 command line and config file option to 'ca'.
1244 [Stefan <stf@udoma.org]
1246 *) Removed the macro des_crypt(), as it seems to conflict with some
1247 libraries. Use DES_crypt().
1250 *) Correct naming of the 'chil' and '4758cca' ENGINEs. This
1251 involves renaming the source and generated shared-libs for
1252 both. The engines will accept the corrected or legacy ids
1253 ('ncipher' and '4758_cca' respectively) when binding. NB,
1254 this only applies when building 'shared'.
1255 [Corinna Vinschen <vinschen@redhat.com> and Geoff Thorpe]
1257 *) Add attribute functions to EVP_PKEY structure. Modify
1258 PKCS12_create() to recognize a CSP name attribute and
1259 use it. Make -CSP option work again in pkcs12 utility.
1262 *) Add new functionality to the bn blinding code:
1263 - automatic re-creation of the BN_BLINDING parameters after
1264 a fixed number of uses (currently 32)
1265 - add new function for parameter creation
1266 - introduce flags to control the update behaviour of the
1267 BN_BLINDING parameters
1268 - hide BN_BLINDING structure
1269 Add a second BN_BLINDING slot to the RSA structure to improve
1270 performance when a single RSA object is shared among several
1274 *) Add support for DTLS.
1275 [Nagendra Modadugu <nagendra@cs.stanford.edu> and Ben Laurie]
1277 *) Add support for DER encoded private keys (SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1)
1278 to SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file() and SSL_use_PrivateKey_file()
1281 *) Remove buggy and incompletet DH cert support from
1282 ssl/ssl_rsa.c and ssl/s3_both.c
1285 *) Use SHA-1 instead of MD5 as the default digest algorithm for
1286 the apps/openssl applications.
1289 *) Compile clean with "-Wall -Wmissing-prototypes
1290 -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Werror". Currently
1291 DEBUG_SAFESTACK must also be set.
1294 *) Change ./Configure so that certain algorithms can be disabled by default.
1295 The new counterpiece to "no-xxx" is "enable-xxx".
1297 The patented RC5 and MDC2 algorithms will now be disabled unless
1298 "enable-rc5" and "enable-mdc2", respectively, are specified.
1300 (IDEA remains enabled despite being patented. This is because IDEA
1301 is frequently required for interoperability, and there is no license
1302 fee for non-commercial use. As before, "no-idea" can be used to
1303 avoid this algorithm.)
1307 *) Add processing of proxy certificates (see RFC 3820). This work was
1308 sponsored by KTH (The Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm) and
1309 EGEE (Enabling Grids for E-science in Europe).
1312 *) RC4 performance overhaul on modern architectures/implementations, such
1313 as Intel P4, IA-64 and AMD64.
1316 *) New utility extract-section.pl. This can be used specify an alternative
1317 section number in a pod file instead of having to treat each file as
1318 a separate case in Makefile. This can be done by adding two lines to the
1321 =for comment openssl_section:XXX
1323 The blank line is mandatory.
1327 *) New arguments -certform, -keyform and -pass for s_client and s_server
1328 to allow alternative format key and certificate files and passphrase
1332 *) New structure X509_VERIFY_PARAM which combines current verify parameters,
1333 update associated structures and add various utility functions.
1335 Add new policy related verify parameters, include policy checking in
1336 standard verify code. Enhance 'smime' application with extra parameters
1337 to support policy checking and print out.
1340 *) Add a new engine to support VIA PadLock ACE extensions in the VIA C3
1341 Nehemiah processors. These extensions support AES encryption in hardware
1342 as well as RNG (though RNG support is currently disabled).
1343 [Michal Ludvig <michal@logix.cz>, with help from Andy Polyakov]
1345 *) Deprecate BN_[get|set]_params() functions (they were ignored internally).
1348 *) New FIPS 180-2 algorithms, SHA-224/-256/-384/-512 are implemented.
1349 [Andy Polyakov and a number of other people]
1351 *) Improved PowerPC platform support. Most notably BIGNUM assembler
1352 implementation contributed by IBM.
1353 [Suresh Chari, Peter Waltenberg, Andy Polyakov]
1355 *) The new 'RSA_generate_key_ex' function now takes a BIGNUM for the public
1356 exponent rather than 'unsigned long'. There is a corresponding change to
1357 the new 'rsa_keygen' element of the RSA_METHOD structure.
1358 [Jelte Jansen, Geoff Thorpe]
1360 *) Functionality for creating the initial serial number file is now
1361 moved from CA.pl to the 'ca' utility with a new option -create_serial.
1363 (Before OpenSSL 0.9.7e, CA.pl used to initialize the serial
1364 number file to 1, which is bound to cause problems. To avoid
1365 the problems while respecting compatibility between different 0.9.7
1366 patchlevels, 0.9.7e employed 'openssl x509 -next_serial' in
1367 CA.pl for serial number initialization. With the new release 0.9.8,
1368 we can fix the problem directly in the 'ca' utility.)
1371 *) Reduced header interdepencies by declaring more opaque objects in
1372 ossl_typ.h. As a consequence, including some headers (eg. engine.h) will
1373 give fewer recursive includes, which could break lazy source code - so
1374 this change is covered by the OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED symbol. As always,
1375 developers should define this symbol when building and using openssl to
1376 ensure they track the recommended behaviour, interfaces, [etc], but
1377 backwards-compatible behaviour prevails when this isn't defined.
1380 *) New function X509_POLICY_NODE_print() which prints out policy nodes.
1383 *) Add new EVP function EVP_CIPHER_CTX_rand_key and associated functionality.
1384 This will generate a random key of the appropriate length based on the
1385 cipher context. The EVP_CIPHER can provide its own random key generation
1386 routine to support keys of a specific form. This is used in the des and
1387 3des routines to generate a key of the correct parity. Update S/MIME
1388 code to use new functions and hence generate correct parity DES keys.
1389 Add EVP_CHECK_DES_KEY #define to return an error if the key is not
1390 valid (weak or incorrect parity).
1393 *) Add a local set of CRLs that can be used by X509_verify_cert() as well
1394 as looking them up. This is useful when the verified structure may contain
1395 CRLs, for example PKCS#7 signedData. Modify PKCS7_verify() to use any CRLs
1396 present unless the new PKCS7_NO_CRL flag is asserted.
1399 *) Extend ASN1 oid configuration module. It now additionally accepts the
1402 shortName = some long name, 1.2.3.4
1405 *) Reimplemented the BN_CTX implementation. There is now no more static
1406 limitation on the number of variables it can handle nor the depth of the
1407 "stack" handling for BN_CTX_start()/BN_CTX_end() pairs. The stack
1408 information can now expand as required, and rather than having a single
1409 static array of bignums, BN_CTX now uses a linked-list of such arrays
1410 allowing it to expand on demand whilst maintaining the usefulness of
1411 BN_CTX's "bundling".
1414 *) Add a missing BN_CTX parameter to the 'rsa_mod_exp' callback in RSA_METHOD
1415 to allow all RSA operations to function using a single BN_CTX.
1418 *) Preliminary support for certificate policy evaluation and checking. This
1419 is initially intended to pass the tests outlined in "Conformance Testing
1420 of Relying Party Client Certificate Path Processing Logic" v1.07.
1423 *) bn_dup_expand() has been deprecated, it was introduced in 0.9.7 and
1424 remained unused and not that useful. A variety of other little bignum
1425 tweaks and fixes have also been made continuing on from the audit (see
1429 *) Constify all or almost all d2i, c2i, s2i and r2i functions, along with
1430 associated ASN1, EVP and SSL functions and old ASN1 macros.
1433 *) BN_zero() only needs to set 'top' and 'neg' to zero for correct results,
1434 and this should never fail. So the return value from the use of
1435 BN_set_word() (which can fail due to needless expansion) is now deprecated;
1436 if OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED is defined, BN_zero() is a void macro.
1439 *) BN_CTX_get() should return zero-valued bignums, providing the same
1440 initialised value as BN_new().
1441 [Geoff Thorpe, suggested by Ulf Möller]
1443 *) Support for inhibitAnyPolicy certificate extension.
1446 *) An audit of the BIGNUM code is underway, for which debugging code is
1447 enabled when BN_DEBUG is defined. This makes stricter enforcements on what
1448 is considered valid when processing BIGNUMs, and causes execution to
1449 assert() when a problem is discovered. If BN_DEBUG_RAND is defined,
1450 further steps are taken to deliberately pollute unused data in BIGNUM
1451 structures to try and expose faulty code further on. For now, openssl will
1452 (in its default mode of operation) continue to tolerate the inconsistent
1453 forms that it has tolerated in the past, but authors and packagers should
1454 consider trying openssl and their own applications when compiled with
1455 these debugging symbols defined. It will help highlight potential bugs in
1456 their own code, and will improve the test coverage for OpenSSL itself. At
1457 some point, these tighter rules will become openssl's default to improve
1458 maintainability, though the assert()s and other overheads will remain only
1459 in debugging configurations. See bn.h for more details.
1460 [Geoff Thorpe, Nils Larsch, Ulf Möller]
1462 *) BN_CTX_init() has been deprecated, as BN_CTX is an opaque structure
1463 that can only be obtained through BN_CTX_new() (which implicitly
1464 initialises it). The presence of this function only made it possible
1465 to overwrite an existing structure (and cause memory leaks).
1468 *) Because of the callback-based approach for implementing LHASH as a
1469 template type, lh_insert() adds opaque objects to hash-tables and
1470 lh_doall() or lh_doall_arg() are typically used with a destructor callback
1471 to clean up those corresponding objects before destroying the hash table
1472 (and losing the object pointers). So some over-zealous constifications in
1473 LHASH have been relaxed so that lh_insert() does not take (nor store) the
1474 objects as "const" and the lh_doall[_arg] callback wrappers are not
1475 prototyped to have "const" restrictions on the object pointers they are
1476 given (and so aren't required to cast them away any more).
1479 *) The tmdiff.h API was so ugly and minimal that our own timing utility
1480 (speed) prefers to use its own implementation. The two implementations
1481 haven't been consolidated as yet (volunteers?) but the tmdiff API has had
1482 its object type properly exposed (MS_TM) instead of casting to/from "char
1483 *". This may still change yet if someone realises MS_TM and "ms_time_***"
1484 aren't necessarily the greatest nomenclatures - but this is what was used
1485 internally to the implementation so I've used that for now.
1488 *) Ensure that deprecated functions do not get compiled when
1489 OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED is defined. Some "openssl" subcommands and a few of
1490 the self-tests were still using deprecated key-generation functions so
1491 these have been updated also.
1494 *) Reorganise PKCS#7 code to separate the digest location functionality
1495 into PKCS7_find_digest(), digest addtion into PKCS7_bio_add_digest().
1496 New function PKCS7_set_digest() to set the digest type for PKCS#7
1497 digestedData type. Add additional code to correctly generate the
1498 digestedData type and add support for this type in PKCS7 initialization
1502 *) New function PKCS7_set0_type_other() this initializes a PKCS7
1503 structure of type "other".
1506 *) Fix prime generation loop in crypto/bn/bn_prime.pl by making
1507 sure the loop does correctly stop and breaking ("division by zero")
1508 modulus operations are not performed. The (pre-generated) prime
1509 table crypto/bn/bn_prime.h was already correct, but it could not be
1510 re-generated on some platforms because of the "division by zero"
1511 situation in the script.
1512 [Ralf S. Engelschall]
1514 *) Update support for ECC-based TLS ciphersuites according to
1515 draft-ietf-tls-ecc-03.txt: the KDF1 key derivation function with
1516 SHA-1 now is only used for "small" curves (where the
1517 representation of a field element takes up to 24 bytes); for
1518 larger curves, the field element resulting from ECDH is directly
1519 used as premaster secret.
1520 [Douglas Stebila (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1522 *) Add code for kP+lQ timings to crypto/ec/ectest.c, and add SEC2
1523 curve secp160r1 to the tests.
1524 [Douglas Stebila (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1526 *) Add the possibility to load symbols globally with DSO.
1527 [Götz Babin-Ebell <babin-ebell@trustcenter.de> via Richard Levitte]
1529 *) Add the functions ERR_set_mark() and ERR_pop_to_mark() for better
1530 control of the error stack.
1533 *) Add support for STORE in ENGINE.
1536 *) Add the STORE type. The intention is to provide a common interface
1537 to certificate and key stores, be they simple file-based stores, or
1538 HSM-type store, or LDAP stores, or...
1539 NOTE: The code is currently UNTESTED and isn't really used anywhere.
1542 *) Add a generic structure called OPENSSL_ITEM. This can be used to
1543 pass a list of arguments to any function as well as provide a way
1544 for a function to pass data back to the caller.
1547 *) Add the functions BUF_strndup() and BUF_memdup(). BUF_strndup()
1548 works like BUF_strdup() but can be used to duplicate a portion of
1549 a string. The copy gets NUL-terminated. BUF_memdup() duplicates
1553 *) Add the function sk_find_ex() which works like sk_find(), but will
1554 return an index to an element even if an exact match couldn't be
1555 found. The index is guaranteed to point at the element where the
1556 searched-for key would be inserted to preserve sorting order.
1559 *) Add the function OBJ_bsearch_ex() which works like OBJ_bsearch() but
1560 takes an extra flags argument for optional functionality. Currently,
1561 the following flags are defined:
1563 OBJ_BSEARCH_VALUE_ON_NOMATCH
1564 This one gets OBJ_bsearch_ex() to return a pointer to the first
1565 element where the comparing function returns a negative or zero
1568 OBJ_BSEARCH_FIRST_VALUE_ON_MATCH
1569 This one gets OBJ_bsearch_ex() to return a pointer to the first
1570 element where the comparing function returns zero. This is useful
1571 if there are more than one element where the comparing function
1575 *) Make it possible to create self-signed certificates with 'openssl ca'
1576 in such a way that the self-signed certificate becomes part of the
1577 CA database and uses the same mechanisms for serial number generation
1578 as all other certificate signing. The new flag '-selfsign' enables
1579 this functionality. Adapt CA.sh and CA.pl.in.
1582 *) Add functionality to check the public key of a certificate request
1583 against a given private. This is useful to check that a certificate
1584 request can be signed by that key (self-signing).
1587 *) Make it possible to have multiple active certificates with the same
1588 subject in the CA index file. This is done only if the keyword
1589 'unique_subject' is set to 'no' in the main CA section (default
1590 if 'CA_default') of the configuration file. The value is saved
1591 with the database itself in a separate index attribute file,
1592 named like the index file with '.attr' appended to the name.
1595 *) Generate muti valued AVAs using '+' notation in config files for
1599 *) Support for nameConstraints certificate extension.
1602 *) Support for policyConstraints certificate extension.
1605 *) Support for policyMappings certificate extension.
1608 *) Make sure the default DSA_METHOD implementation only uses its
1609 dsa_mod_exp() and/or bn_mod_exp() handlers if they are non-NULL,
1610 and change its own handlers to be NULL so as to remove unnecessary
1611 indirection. This lets alternative implementations fallback to the
1612 default implementation more easily.
1615 *) Support for directoryName in GeneralName related extensions
1619 *) Make it possible to link applications using Makefile.shared.
1620 Make that possible even when linking against static libraries!
1623 *) Support for single pass processing for S/MIME signing. This now
1624 means that S/MIME signing can be done from a pipe, in addition
1625 cleartext signing (multipart/signed type) is effectively streaming
1626 and the signed data does not need to be all held in memory.
1628 This is done with a new flag PKCS7_STREAM. When this flag is set
1629 PKCS7_sign() only initializes the PKCS7 structure and the actual signing
1630 is done after the data is output (and digests calculated) in
1631 SMIME_write_PKCS7().
1634 *) Add full support for -rpath/-R, both in shared libraries and
1635 applications, at least on the platforms where it's known how
1639 *) In crypto/ec/ec_mult.c, implement fast point multiplication with
1640 precomputation, based on wNAF splitting: EC_GROUP_precompute_mult()
1641 will now compute a table of multiples of the generator that
1642 makes subsequent invocations of EC_POINTs_mul() or EC_POINT_mul()
1643 faster (notably in the case of a single point multiplication,
1644 scalar * generator).
1645 [Nils Larsch, Bodo Moeller]
1647 *) IPv6 support for certificate extensions. The various extensions
1648 which use the IP:a.b.c.d can now take IPv6 addresses using the
1649 formats of RFC1884 2.2 . IPv6 addresses are now also displayed
1653 *) Added an ENGINE that implements RSA by performing private key
1654 exponentiations with the GMP library. The conversions to and from
1655 GMP's mpz_t format aren't optimised nor are any montgomery forms
1656 cached, and on x86 it appears OpenSSL's own performance has caught up.
1657 However there are likely to be other architectures where GMP could
1658 provide a boost. This ENGINE is not built in by default, but it can be
1659 specified at Configure time and should be accompanied by the necessary
1660 linker additions, eg;
1661 ./config -DOPENSSL_USE_GMP -lgmp
1664 *) "openssl engine" will not display ENGINE/DSO load failure errors when
1665 testing availability of engines with "-t" - the old behaviour is
1666 produced by increasing the feature's verbosity with "-tt".
1669 *) ECDSA routines: under certain error conditions uninitialized BN objects
1670 could be freed. Solution: make sure initialization is performed early
1671 enough. (Reported and fix supplied by Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>
1675 *) Key-generation can now be implemented in RSA_METHOD, DSA_METHOD
1676 and DH_METHOD (eg. by ENGINE implementations) to override the normal
1677 software implementations. For DSA and DH, parameter generation can
1678 also be overriden by providing the appropriate method callbacks.
1681 *) Change the "progress" mechanism used in key-generation and
1682 primality testing to functions that take a new BN_GENCB pointer in
1683 place of callback/argument pairs. The new API functions have "_ex"
1684 postfixes and the older functions are reimplemented as wrappers for
1685 the new ones. The OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED symbol can be used to hide
1686 declarations of the old functions to help (graceful) attempts to
1687 migrate to the new functions. Also, the new key-generation API
1688 functions operate on a caller-supplied key-structure and return
1689 success/failure rather than returning a key or NULL - this is to
1690 help make "keygen" another member function of RSA_METHOD etc.
1692 Example for using the new callback interface:
1694 int (*my_callback)(int a, int b, BN_GENCB *cb) = ...;
1698 BN_GENCB_set(&my_cb, my_callback, my_arg);
1700 return BN_is_prime_ex(some_bignum, BN_prime_checks, NULL, &cb);
1701 /* For the meaning of a, b in calls to my_callback(), see the
1702 * documentation of the function that calls the callback.
1703 * cb will point to my_cb; my_arg can be retrieved as cb->arg.
1704 * my_callback should return 1 if it wants BN_is_prime_ex()
1705 * to continue, or 0 to stop.
1710 *) Change the ZLIB compression method to be stateful, and make it
1711 available to TLS with the number defined in
1712 draft-ietf-tls-compression-04.txt.
1715 *) Add the ASN.1 structures and functions for CertificatePair, which
1716 is defined as follows (according to X.509_4thEditionDraftV6.pdf):
1718 CertificatePair ::= SEQUENCE {
1719 forward [0] Certificate OPTIONAL,
1720 reverse [1] Certificate OPTIONAL,
1721 -- at least one of the pair shall be present -- }
1723 Also implement the PEM functions to read and write certificate
1724 pairs, and defined the PEM tag as "CERTIFICATE PAIR".
1726 This needed to be defined, mostly for the sake of the LDAP
1727 attribute crossCertificatePair, but may prove useful elsewhere as
1731 *) Make it possible to inhibit symlinking of shared libraries in
1732 Makefile.shared, for Cygwin's sake.
1735 *) Extend the BIGNUM API by creating a function
1736 void BN_set_negative(BIGNUM *a, int neg);
1737 and a macro that behave like
1738 int BN_is_negative(const BIGNUM *a);
1740 to avoid the need to access 'a->neg' directly in applications.
1743 *) Implement fast modular reduction for pseudo-Mersenne primes
1744 used in NIST curves (crypto/bn/bn_nist.c, crypto/ec/ecp_nist.c).
1745 EC_GROUP_new_curve_GFp() will now automatically use this
1747 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>]
1749 *) Add new lock type (CRYPTO_LOCK_BN).
1752 *) Change the ENGINE framework to automatically load engines
1753 dynamically from specific directories unless they could be
1754 found to already be built in or loaded. Move all the
1755 current engines except for the cryptodev one to a new
1757 The engines in engines/ are built as shared libraries if
1758 the "shared" options was given to ./Configure or ./config.
1759 Otherwise, they are inserted in libcrypto.a.
1760 /usr/local/ssl/engines is the default directory for dynamic
1761 engines, but that can be overriden at configure time through
1762 the usual use of --prefix and/or --openssldir, and at run
1763 time with the environment variable OPENSSL_ENGINES.
1764 [Geoff Thorpe and Richard Levitte]
1766 *) Add Makefile.shared, a helper makefile to build shared
1767 libraries. Addapt Makefile.org.
1770 *) Add version info to Win32 DLLs.
1771 [Peter 'Luna' Runestig" <peter@runestig.com>]
1773 *) Add new 'medium level' PKCS#12 API. Certificates and keys
1774 can be added using this API to created arbitrary PKCS#12
1775 files while avoiding the low level API.
1777 New options to PKCS12_create(), key or cert can be NULL and
1778 will then be omitted from the output file. The encryption
1779 algorithm NIDs can be set to -1 for no encryption, the mac
1780 iteration count can be set to 0 to omit the mac.
1782 Enhance pkcs12 utility by making the -nokeys and -nocerts
1783 options work when creating a PKCS#12 file. New option -nomac
1784 to omit the mac, NONE can be set for an encryption algorithm.
1785 New code is modified to use the enhanced PKCS12_create()
1786 instead of the low level API.
1789 *) Extend ASN1 encoder to support indefinite length constructed
1790 encoding. This can output sequences tags and octet strings in
1791 this form. Modify pk7_asn1.c to support indefinite length
1792 encoding. This is experimental and needs additional code to
1793 be useful, such as an ASN1 bio and some enhanced streaming
1796 Extend template encode functionality so that tagging is passed
1797 down to the template encoder.
1800 *) Let 'openssl req' fail if an argument to '-newkey' is not
1801 recognized instead of using RSA as a default.
1804 *) Add support for ECC-based ciphersuites from draft-ietf-tls-ecc-01.txt.
1805 As these are not official, they are not included in "ALL";
1806 the "ECCdraft" ciphersuite group alias can be used to select them.
1807 [Vipul Gupta and Sumit Gupta (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1809 *) Add ECDH engine support.
1810 [Nils Gura and Douglas Stebila (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1812 *) Add ECDH in new directory crypto/ecdh/.
1813 [Douglas Stebila (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1815 *) Let BN_rand_range() abort with an error after 100 iterations
1816 without success (which indicates a broken PRNG).
1819 *) Change BN_mod_sqrt() so that it verifies that the input value
1820 is really the square of the return value. (Previously,
1821 BN_mod_sqrt would show GIGO behaviour.)
1824 *) Add named elliptic curves over binary fields from X9.62, SECG,
1825 and WAP/WTLS; add OIDs that were still missing.
1827 [Sheueling Chang Shantz and Douglas Stebila
1828 (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1830 *) Extend the EC library for elliptic curves over binary fields
1831 (new files ec2_smpl.c, ec2_smpt.c, ec2_mult.c in crypto/ec/).
1834 EC_GF2m_simple_method
1838 EC_GROUP_new_curve_GF2m
1839 EC_GROUP_set_curve_GF2m
1840 EC_GROUP_get_curve_GF2m
1841 EC_POINT_set_affine_coordinates_GF2m
1842 EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GF2m
1843 EC_POINT_set_compressed_coordinates_GF2m
1845 Point compression for binary fields is disabled by default for
1846 patent reasons (compile with OPENSSL_EC_BIN_PT_COMP defined to
1849 As binary polynomials are represented as BIGNUMs, various members
1850 of the EC_GROUP and EC_POINT data structures can be shared
1851 between the implementations for prime fields and binary fields;
1852 the above ..._GF2m functions (except for EX_GROUP_new_curve_GF2m)
1853 are essentially identical to their ..._GFp counterparts.
1854 (For simplicity, the '..._GFp' prefix has been dropped from
1855 various internal method names.)
1857 An internal 'field_div' method (similar to 'field_mul' and
1858 'field_sqr') has been added; this is used only for binary fields.
1860 [Sheueling Chang Shantz and Douglas Stebila
1861 (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1863 *) Optionally dispatch EC_POINT_mul(), EC_POINT_precompute_mult()
1864 through methods ('mul', 'precompute_mult').
1866 The generic implementations (now internally called 'ec_wNAF_mul'
1867 and 'ec_wNAF_precomputed_mult') remain the default if these
1868 methods are undefined.
1870 [Sheueling Chang Shantz and Douglas Stebila
1871 (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1873 *) New function EC_GROUP_get_degree, which is defined through
1874 EC_METHOD. For curves over prime fields, this returns the bit
1875 length of the modulus.
1877 [Sheueling Chang Shantz and Douglas Stebila
1878 (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1880 *) New functions EC_GROUP_dup, EC_POINT_dup.
1881 (These simply call ..._new and ..._copy).
1883 [Sheueling Chang Shantz and Douglas Stebila
1884 (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1886 *) Add binary polynomial arithmetic software in crypto/bn/bn_gf2m.c.
1887 Polynomials are represented as BIGNUMs (where the sign bit is not
1888 used) in the following functions [macros]:
1891 BN_GF2m_sub [= BN_GF2m_add]
1892 BN_GF2m_mod [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_arr]
1893 BN_GF2m_mod_mul [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_mul_arr]
1894 BN_GF2m_mod_sqr [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_sqr_arr]
1896 BN_GF2m_mod_exp [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_exp_arr]
1897 BN_GF2m_mod_sqrt [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_sqrt_arr]
1898 BN_GF2m_mod_solve_quad [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_solve_quad_arr]
1899 BN_GF2m_cmp [= BN_ucmp]
1901 (Note that only the 'mod' functions are actually for fields GF(2^m).
1902 BN_GF2m_add() is misnomer, but this is for the sake of consistency.)
1904 For some functions, an the irreducible polynomial defining a
1905 field can be given as an 'unsigned int[]' with strictly
1906 decreasing elements giving the indices of those bits that are set;
1907 i.e., p[] represents the polynomial
1908 f(t) = t^p[0] + t^p[1] + ... + t^p[k]
1910 p[0] > p[1] > ... > p[k] = 0.
1911 This applies to the following functions:
1916 BN_GF2m_mod_inv_arr [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_inv]
1917 BN_GF2m_mod_div_arr [wrapper for BN_GF2m_mod_div]
1919 BN_GF2m_mod_sqrt_arr
1920 BN_GF2m_mod_solve_quad_arr
1924 Conversion can be performed by the following functions:
1929 bntest.c has additional tests for binary polynomial arithmetic.
1931 Two implementations for BN_GF2m_mod_div() are available.
1932 The default algorithm simply uses BN_GF2m_mod_inv() and
1933 BN_GF2m_mod_mul(). The alternative algorithm is compiled in only
1934 if OPENSSL_SUN_GF2M_DIV is defined (patent pending; read the
1935 copyright notice in crypto/bn/bn_gf2m.c before enabling it).
1937 [Sheueling Chang Shantz and Douglas Stebila
1938 (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
1940 *) Add new error code 'ERR_R_DISABLED' that can be used when some
1941 functionality is disabled at compile-time.
1942 [Douglas Stebila <douglas.stebila@sun.com>]
1944 *) Change default behaviour of 'openssl asn1parse' so that more
1945 information is visible when viewing, e.g., a certificate:
1947 Modify asn1_parse2 (crypto/asn1/asn1_par.c) so that in non-'dump'
1948 mode the content of non-printable OCTET STRINGs is output in a
1949 style similar to INTEGERs, but with '[HEX DUMP]' prepended to
1950 avoid the appearance of a printable string.
1951 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>]
1953 *) Add 'asn1_flag' and 'asn1_form' member to EC_GROUP with access
1955 EC_GROUP_set_asn1_flag()
1956 EC_GROUP_get_asn1_flag()
1957 EC_GROUP_set_point_conversion_form()
1958 EC_GROUP_get_point_conversion_form()
1959 These control ASN1 encoding details:
1960 - Curves (i.e., groups) are encoded explicitly unless asn1_flag
1961 has been set to OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE.
1962 - Points are encoded in uncompressed form by default; options for
1963 asn1_for are as for point2oct, namely
1964 POINT_CONVERSION_COMPRESSED
1965 POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED
1966 POINT_CONVERSION_HYBRID
1968 Also add 'seed' and 'seed_len' members to EC_GROUP with access
1971 EC_GROUP_get0_seed()
1972 EC_GROUP_get_seed_len()
1973 This is used only for ASN1 purposes (so far).
1974 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>]
1976 *) Add 'field_type' member to EC_METHOD, which holds the NID
1977 of the appropriate field type OID. The new function
1978 EC_METHOD_get_field_type() returns this value.
1979 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>]
1984 EC_POINT_point2hex()
1985 EC_POINT_hex2point()
1986 providing useful interfaces to EC_POINT_point2oct() and
1987 EC_POINT_oct2point().
1988 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>]
1990 *) Change internals of the EC library so that the functions
1991 EC_GROUP_set_generator()
1992 EC_GROUP_get_generator()
1993 EC_GROUP_get_order()
1994 EC_GROUP_get_cofactor()
1995 are implemented directly in crypto/ec/ec_lib.c and not dispatched
1996 to methods, which would lead to unnecessary code duplication when
1997 adding different types of curves.
1998 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de> with input by Bodo Moeller]
2000 *) Implement compute_wNAF (crypto/ec/ec_mult.c) without BIGNUM
2001 arithmetic, and such that modified wNAFs are generated
2002 (which avoid length expansion in many cases).
2005 *) Add a function EC_GROUP_check_discriminant() (defined via
2006 EC_METHOD) that verifies that the curve discriminant is non-zero.
2008 Add a function EC_GROUP_check() that makes some sanity tests
2009 on a EC_GROUP, its generator and order. This includes
2010 EC_GROUP_check_discriminant().
2011 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>]
2013 *) Add ECDSA in new directory crypto/ecdsa/.
2015 Add applications 'openssl ecparam' and 'openssl ecdsa'
2016 (these are based on 'openssl dsaparam' and 'openssl dsa').
2018 ECDSA support is also included in various other files across the
2019 library. Most notably,
2020 - 'openssl req' now has a '-newkey ecdsa:file' option;
2021 - EVP_PKCS82PKEY (crypto/evp/evp_pkey.c) now can handle ECDSA;
2022 - X509_PUBKEY_get (crypto/asn1/x_pubkey.c) and
2023 d2i_PublicKey (crypto/asn1/d2i_pu.c) have been modified to make
2024 them suitable for ECDSA where domain parameters must be
2025 extracted before the specific public key;
2026 - ECDSA engine support has been added.
2027 [Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de>]
2029 *) Include some named elliptic curves, and add OIDs from X9.62,
2030 SECG, and WAP/WTLS. Each curve can be obtained from the new
2032 EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(),
2033 and the list of available named curves can be obtained with
2034 EC_get_builtin_curves().
2035 Also add a 'curve_name' member to EC_GROUP objects, which can be
2037 EC_GROUP_set_curve_name()
2038 EC_GROUP_get_curve_name()
2039 [Nils Larsch <larsch@trustcenter.de, Bodo Moeller]
2041 *) Remove a few calls to bn_wexpand() in BN_sqr() (the one in there
2042 was actually never needed) and in BN_mul(). The removal in BN_mul()
2043 required a small change in bn_mul_part_recursive() and the addition
2044 of the functions bn_cmp_part_words(), bn_sub_part_words() and
2045 bn_add_part_words(), which do the same thing as bn_cmp_words(),
2046 bn_sub_words() and bn_add_words() except they take arrays with
2050 Changes between 0.9.7m and 0.9.7n [xx XXX xxxx]
2052 *) In the SSL/TLS server implementation, be strict about session ID
2053 context matching (which matters if an application uses a single
2054 external cache for different purposes). Previously,
2055 out-of-context reuse was forbidden only if SSL_VERIFY_PEER was
2056 set. This did ensure strict client verification, but meant that,
2057 with applications using a single external cache for quite
2058 different requirements, clients could circumvent ciphersuite
2059 restrictions for a given session ID context by starting a session
2060 in a different context.
2063 Changes between 0.9.7l and 0.9.7m [23 Feb 2007]
2065 *) Cleanse PEM buffers before freeing them since they may contain
2067 [Benjamin Bennett <ben@psc.edu>]
2069 *) Include "!eNULL" in SSL_DEFAULT_CIPHER_LIST to make sure that
2070 a ciphersuite string such as "DEFAULT:RSA" cannot enable
2071 authentication-only ciphersuites.
2074 *) Since AES128 and AES256 share a single mask bit in the logic of
2075 ssl/ssl_ciph.c, the code for masking out disabled ciphers needs a
2076 kludge to work properly if AES128 is available and AES256 isn't.
2079 *) Expand security boundary to match 1.1.1 module.
2082 *) Remove redundant features: hash file source, editing of test vectors
2083 modify fipsld to use external fips_premain.c signature.
2086 *) New perl script mkfipsscr.pl to create shell scripts or batch files to
2087 run algorithm test programs.
2090 *) Make algorithm test programs more tolerant of whitespace.
2093 *) Have SSL/TLS server implementation tolerate "mismatched" record
2094 protocol version while receiving ClientHello even if the
2095 ClientHello is fragmented. (The server can't insist on the
2096 particular protocol version it has chosen before the ServerHello
2097 message has informed the client about his choice.)
2100 *) Load error codes if they are not already present instead of using a
2101 static variable. This allows them to be cleanly unloaded and reloaded.
2104 Changes between 0.9.7k and 0.9.7l [28 Sep 2006]
2106 *) Introduce limits to prevent malicious keys being able to
2107 cause a denial of service. (CVE-2006-2940)
2108 [Steve Henson, Bodo Moeller]
2110 *) Fix ASN.1 parsing of certain invalid structures that can result
2111 in a denial of service. (CVE-2006-2937) [Steve Henson]
2113 *) Fix buffer overflow in SSL_get_shared_ciphers() function.
2114 (CVE-2006-3738) [Tavis Ormandy and Will Drewry, Google Security Team]
2116 *) Fix SSL client code which could crash if connecting to a
2117 malicious SSLv2 server. (CVE-2006-4343)
2118 [Tavis Ormandy and Will Drewry, Google Security Team]
2120 *) Change ciphersuite string processing so that an explicit
2121 ciphersuite selects this one ciphersuite (so that "AES256-SHA"
2122 will no longer include "AES128-SHA"), and any other similar
2123 ciphersuite (same bitmap) from *other* protocol versions (so that
2124 "RC4-MD5" will still include both the SSL 2.0 ciphersuite and the
2125 SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0 ciphersuite). This is a backport combining
2126 changes from 0.9.8b and 0.9.8d.
2129 Changes between 0.9.7j and 0.9.7k [05 Sep 2006]
2131 *) Avoid PKCS #1 v1.5 signature attack discovered by Daniel Bleichenbacher
2132 (CVE-2006-4339) [Ben Laurie and Google Security Team]
2134 *) Change the Unix randomness entropy gathering to use poll() when
2135 possible instead of select(), since the latter has some
2136 undesirable limitations.
2137 [Darryl Miles via Richard Levitte and Bodo Moeller]
2139 *) Disable rogue ciphersuites:
2141 - SSLv2 0x08 0x00 0x80 ("RC4-64-MD5")
2142 - SSLv3/TLSv1 0x00 0x61 ("EXP1024-RC2-CBC-MD5")
2143 - SSLv3/TLSv1 0x00 0x60 ("EXP1024-RC4-MD5")
2145 The latter two were purportedly from
2146 draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-0[01].txt, but do not really
2149 Also deactive the remaining ciphersuites from
2150 draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-01.txt. These are just as
2151 unofficial, and the ID has long expired.
2154 *) Fix RSA blinding Heisenbug (problems sometimes occured on
2155 dual-core machines) and other potential thread-safety issues.
2158 Changes between 0.9.7i and 0.9.7j [04 May 2006]
2160 *) Adapt fipsld and the build system to link against the validated FIPS
2161 module in FIPS mode.
2164 *) Fixes for VC++ 2005 build under Windows.
2167 *) Add new Windows build target VC-32-GMAKE for VC++. This uses GNU make
2168 from a Windows bash shell such as MSYS. It is autodetected from the
2169 "config" script when run from a VC++ environment. Modify standard VC++
2170 build to use fipscanister.o from the GNU make build.
2173 Changes between 0.9.7h and 0.9.7i [14 Oct 2005]
2175 *) Wrapped the definition of EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE in a #ifdef OPENSSL_FIPS.
2176 The value now differs depending on if you build for FIPS or not.
2177 BEWARE! A program linked with a shared FIPSed libcrypto can't be
2178 safely run with a non-FIPSed libcrypto, as it may crash because of
2179 the difference induced by this change.
2182 Changes between 0.9.7g and 0.9.7h [11 Oct 2005]
2184 *) Remove the functionality of SSL_OP_MSIE_SSLV2_RSA_PADDING
2185 (part of SSL_OP_ALL). This option used to disable the
2186 countermeasure against man-in-the-middle protocol-version
2187 rollback in the SSL 2.0 server implementation, which is a bad
2188 idea. (CVE-2005-2969)
2190 [Bodo Moeller; problem pointed out by Yutaka Oiwa (Research Center
2191 for Information Security, National Institute of Advanced Industrial
2192 Science and Technology [AIST], Japan)]
2194 *) Minimal support for X9.31 signatures and PSS padding modes. This is
2195 mainly for FIPS compliance and not fully integrated at this stage.
2198 *) For DSA signing, unless DSA_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME is set, perform
2199 the exponentiation using a fixed-length exponent. (Otherwise,
2200 the information leaked through timing could expose the secret key
2201 after many signatures; cf. Bleichenbacher's attack on DSA with
2205 *) Make a new fixed-window mod_exp implementation the default for
2206 RSA, DSA, and DH private-key operations so that the sequence of
2207 squares and multiplies and the memory access pattern are
2208 independent of the particular secret key. This will mitigate
2209 cache-timing and potential related attacks.
2211 BN_mod_exp_mont_consttime() is the new exponentiation implementation,
2212 and this is automatically used by BN_mod_exp_mont() if the new flag
2213 BN_FLG_EXP_CONSTTIME is set for the exponent. RSA, DSA, and DH
2214 will use this BN flag for private exponents unless the flag
2215 RSA_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME, DSA_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME, or
2216 DH_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME, respectively, is set.
2218 [Matthew D Wood (Intel Corp), with some changes by Bodo Moeller]
2220 *) Change the client implementation for SSLv23_method() and
2221 SSLv23_client_method() so that is uses the SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0
2222 Client Hello message format if the SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 option is set.
2223 (Previously, the SSL 2.0 backwards compatible Client Hello
2224 message format would be used even with SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2.)
2227 *) Add support for smime-type MIME parameter in S/MIME messages which some
2231 *) New function BN_MONT_CTX_set_locked() to set montgomery parameters in
2232 a threadsafe manner. Modify rsa code to use new function and add calls
2233 to dsa and dh code (which had race conditions before).
2236 *) Include the fixed error library code in the C error file definitions
2237 instead of fixing them up at runtime. This keeps the error code
2238 structures constant.
2241 Changes between 0.9.7f and 0.9.7g [11 Apr 2005]
2243 [NB: OpenSSL 0.9.7h and later 0.9.7 patch levels were released after
2246 *) Fixes for newer kerberos headers. NB: the casts are needed because
2247 the 'length' field is signed on one version and unsigned on another
2248 with no (?) obvious way to tell the difference, without these VC++
2249 complains. Also the "definition" of FAR (blank) is no longer included
2250 nor is the error ENOMEM. KRB5_PRIVATE has to be set to 1 to pick up
2251 some needed definitions.
2254 *) Undo Cygwin change.
2257 *) Added support for proxy certificates according to RFC 3820.
2258 Because they may be a security thread to unaware applications,
2259 they must be explicitely allowed in run-time. See
2260 docs/HOWTO/proxy_certificates.txt for further information.
2263 Changes between 0.9.7e and 0.9.7f [22 Mar 2005]
2265 *) Use (SSL_RANDOM_VALUE - 4) bytes of pseudo random data when generating
2266 server and client random values. Previously
2267 (SSL_RANDOM_VALUE - sizeof(time_t)) would be used which would result in
2268 less random data when sizeof(time_t) > 4 (some 64 bit platforms).
2270 This change has negligible security impact because:
2272 1. Server and client random values still have 24 bytes of pseudo random
2275 2. Server and client random values are sent in the clear in the initial
2278 3. The master secret is derived using the premaster secret (48 bytes in
2279 size for static RSA ciphersuites) as well as client server and random
2282 The OpenSSL team would like to thank the UK NISCC for bringing this issue
2285 [Stephen Henson, reported by UK NISCC]
2287 *) Use Windows randomness collection on Cygwin.
2290 *) Fix hang in EGD/PRNGD query when communication socket is closed
2291 prematurely by EGD/PRNGD.
2292 [Darren Tucker <dtucker@zip.com.au> via Lutz Jänicke, resolves #1014]
2294 *) Prompt for pass phrases when appropriate for PKCS12 input format.
2297 *) Back-port of selected performance improvements from development
2298 branch, as well as improved support for PowerPC platforms.
2301 *) Add lots of checks for memory allocation failure, error codes to indicate
2302 failure and freeing up memory if a failure occurs.
2303 [Nauticus Networks SSL Team <openssl@nauticusnet.com>, Steve Henson]
2305 *) Add new -passin argument to dgst.
2308 *) Perform some character comparisons of different types in X509_NAME_cmp:
2309 this is needed for some certificates that reencode DNs into UTF8Strings
2310 (in violation of RFC3280) and can't or wont issue name rollover
2314 *) Make an explicit check during certificate validation to see that
2315 the CA setting in each certificate on the chain is correct. As a
2316 side effect always do the following basic checks on extensions,
2317 not just when there's an associated purpose to the check:
2319 - if there is an unhandled critical extension (unless the user
2320 has chosen to ignore this fault)
2321 - if the path length has been exceeded (if one is set at all)
2322 - that certain extensions fit the associated purpose (if one has
2326 Changes between 0.9.7d and 0.9.7e [25 Oct 2004]
2328 *) Avoid a race condition when CRLs are checked in a multi threaded
2329 environment. This would happen due to the reordering of the revoked
2330 entries during signature checking and serial number lookup. Now the
2331 encoding is cached and the serial number sort performed under a lock.
2332 Add new STACK function sk_is_sorted().
2335 *) Add Delta CRL to the extension code.
2338 *) Various fixes to s3_pkt.c so alerts are sent properly.
2339 [David Holmes <d.holmes@f5.com>]
2341 *) Reduce the chances of duplicate issuer name and serial numbers (in
2342 violation of RFC3280) using the OpenSSL certificate creation utilities.
2343 This is done by creating a random 64 bit value for the initial serial
2344 number when a serial number file is created or when a self signed
2345 certificate is created using 'openssl req -x509'. The initial serial
2346 number file is created using 'openssl x509 -next_serial' in CA.pl
2347 rather than being initialized to 1.
2350 Changes between 0.9.7c and 0.9.7d [17 Mar 2004]
2352 *) Fix null-pointer assignment in do_change_cipher_spec() revealed
2353 by using the Codenomicon TLS Test Tool (CVE-2004-0079)
2354 [Joe Orton, Steve Henson]
2356 *) Fix flaw in SSL/TLS handshaking when using Kerberos ciphersuites
2358 [Joe Orton, Steve Henson]
2360 *) Make it possible to have multiple active certificates with the same
2361 subject in the CA index file. This is done only if the keyword
2362 'unique_subject' is set to 'no' in the main CA section (default
2363 if 'CA_default') of the configuration file. The value is saved
2364 with the database itself in a separate index attribute file,
2365 named like the index file with '.attr' appended to the name.
2368 *) X509 verify fixes. Disable broken certificate workarounds when
2369 X509_V_FLAGS_X509_STRICT is set. Check CRL issuer has cRLSign set if
2370 keyUsage extension present. Don't accept CRLs with unhandled critical
2371 extensions: since verify currently doesn't process CRL extensions this
2372 rejects a CRL with *any* critical extensions. Add new verify error codes
2376 *) When creating an OCSP nonce use an OCTET STRING inside the extnValue.
2377 A clarification of RFC2560 will require the use of OCTET STRINGs and
2378 some implementations cannot handle the current raw format. Since OpenSSL
2379 copies and compares OCSP nonces as opaque blobs without any attempt at
2380 parsing them this should not create any compatibility issues.
2383 *) New md flag EVP_MD_CTX_FLAG_REUSE this allows md_data to be reused when
2384 calling EVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex() to avoid calling OPENSSL_malloc(). Without
2385 this HMAC (and other) operations are several times slower than OpenSSL
2389 *) Print out GeneralizedTime and UTCTime in ASN1_STRING_print_ex().
2390 [Peter Sylvester <Peter.Sylvester@EdelWeb.fr>]
2392 *) Use the correct content when signing type "other".
2395 Changes between 0.9.7b and 0.9.7c [30 Sep 2003]
2397 *) Fix various bugs revealed by running the NISCC test suite:
2399 Stop out of bounds reads in the ASN1 code when presented with
2400 invalid tags (CVE-2003-0543 and CVE-2003-0544).
2402 Free up ASN1_TYPE correctly if ANY type is invalid (CVE-2003-0545).
2404 If verify callback ignores invalid public key errors don't try to check
2405 certificate signature with the NULL public key.
2409 *) New -ignore_err option in ocsp application to stop the server
2410 exiting on the first error in a request.
2413 *) In ssl3_accept() (ssl/s3_srvr.c) only accept a client certificate
2414 if the server requested one: as stated in TLS 1.0 and SSL 3.0
2418 *) In ssl3_get_client_hello() (ssl/s3_srvr.c), tolerate additional
2419 extra data after the compression methods not only for TLS 1.0
2420 but also for SSL 3.0 (as required by the specification).
2421 [Bodo Moeller; problem pointed out by Matthias Loepfe]
2423 *) Change X509_certificate_type() to mark the key as exported/exportable
2424 when it's 512 *bits* long, not 512 bytes.
2427 *) Change AES_cbc_encrypt() so it outputs exact multiple of
2428 blocks during encryption.
2431 *) Various fixes to base64 BIO and non blocking I/O. On write
2432 flushes were not handled properly if the BIO retried. On read
2433 data was not being buffered properly and had various logic bugs.
2434 This also affects blocking I/O when the data being decoded is a
2438 *) Various S/MIME bugfixes and compatibility changes:
2439 output correct application/pkcs7 MIME type if
2440 PKCS7_NOOLDMIMETYPE is set. Tolerate some broken signatures.
2441 Output CR+LF for EOL if PKCS7_CRLFEOL is set (this makes opening
2442 of files as .eml work). Correctly handle very long lines in MIME
2446 Changes between 0.9.7a and 0.9.7b [10 Apr 2003]
2448 *) Countermeasure against the Klima-Pokorny-Rosa extension of
2449 Bleichbacher's attack on PKCS #1 v1.5 padding: treat
2450 a protocol version number mismatch like a decryption error
2451 in ssl3_get_client_key_exchange (ssl/s3_srvr.c).
2454 *) Turn on RSA blinding by default in the default implementation
2455 to avoid a timing attack. Applications that don't want it can call
2456 RSA_blinding_off() or use the new flag RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING.
2457 They would be ill-advised to do so in most cases.
2458 [Ben Laurie, Steve Henson, Geoff Thorpe, Bodo Moeller]
2460 *) Change RSA blinding code so that it works when the PRNG is not
2461 seeded (in this case, the secret RSA exponent is abused as
2462 an unpredictable seed -- if it is not unpredictable, there
2463 is no point in blinding anyway). Make RSA blinding thread-safe
2464 by remembering the creator's thread ID in rsa->blinding and
2465 having all other threads use local one-time blinding factors
2466 (this requires more computation than sharing rsa->blinding, but
2467 avoids excessive locking; and if an RSA object is not shared
2468 between threads, blinding will still be very fast).
2471 *) Fixed a typo bug that would cause ENGINE_set_default() to set an
2472 ENGINE as defaults for all supported algorithms irrespective of
2473 the 'flags' parameter. 'flags' is now honoured, so applications
2474 should make sure they are passing it correctly.
2477 *) Target "mingw" now allows native Windows code to be generated in
2478 the Cygwin environment as well as with the MinGW compiler.
2481 Changes between 0.9.7 and 0.9.7a [19 Feb 2003]
2483 *) In ssl3_get_record (ssl/s3_pkt.c), minimize information leaked
2484 via timing by performing a MAC computation even if incorrrect
2485 block cipher padding has been found. This is a countermeasure
2486 against active attacks where the attacker has to distinguish
2487 between bad padding and a MAC verification error. (CVE-2003-0078)
2489 [Bodo Moeller; problem pointed out by Brice Canvel (EPFL),
2490 Alain Hiltgen (UBS), Serge Vaudenay (EPFL), and
2491 Martin Vuagnoux (EPFL, Ilion)]
2493 *) Make the no-err option work as intended. The intention with no-err
2494 is not to have the whole error stack handling routines removed from
2495 libcrypto, it's only intended to remove all the function name and
2496 reason texts, thereby removing some of the footprint that may not
2497 be interesting if those errors aren't displayed anyway.
2499 NOTE: it's still possible for any application or module to have it's
2500 own set of error texts inserted. The routines are there, just not
2501 used by default when no-err is given.
2504 *) Add support for FreeBSD on IA64.
2505 [dirk.meyer@dinoex.sub.org via Richard Levitte, resolves #454]
2507 *) Adjust DES_cbc_cksum() so it returns the same value as the MIT
2508 Kerberos function mit_des_cbc_cksum(). Before this change,
2509 the value returned by DES_cbc_cksum() was like the one from
2510 mit_des_cbc_cksum(), except the bytes were swapped.
2511 [Kevin Greaney <Kevin.Greaney@hp.com> and Richard Levitte]
2513 *) Allow an application to disable the automatic SSL chain building.
2514 Before this a rather primitive chain build was always performed in
2515 ssl3_output_cert_chain(): an application had no way to send the
2516 correct chain if the automatic operation produced an incorrect result.
2518 Now the chain builder is disabled if either:
2520 1. Extra certificates are added via SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert().
2522 2. The mode flag SSL_MODE_NO_AUTO_CHAIN is set.
2524 The reasoning behind this is that an application would not want the
2525 auto chain building to take place if extra chain certificates are
2526 present and it might also want a means of sending no additional
2527 certificates (for example the chain has two certificates and the
2531 *) Add the possibility to build without the ENGINE framework.
2532 [Steven Reddie <smr@essemer.com.au> via Richard Levitte]
2534 *) Under Win32 gmtime() can return NULL: check return value in
2535 OPENSSL_gmtime(). Add error code for case where gmtime() fails.
2538 *) DSA routines: under certain error conditions uninitialized BN objects
2539 could be freed. Solution: make sure initialization is performed early
2540 enough. (Reported and fix supplied by Ivan D Nestlerode <nestler@MIT.EDU>,
2541 Nils Larsch <nla@trustcenter.de> via PR#459)
2544 *) Another fix for SSLv2 session ID handling: the session ID was incorrectly
2545 checked on reconnect on the client side, therefore session resumption
2546 could still fail with a "ssl session id is different" error. This
2547 behaviour is masked when SSL_OP_ALL is used due to
2548 SSL_OP_MICROSOFT_SESS_ID_BUG being set.
2549 Behaviour observed by Crispin Flowerday <crispin@flowerday.cx> as
2550 followup to PR #377.
2553 *) IA-32 assembler support enhancements: unified ELF targets, support
2554 for SCO/Caldera platforms, fix for Cygwin shared build.
2557 *) Add support for FreeBSD on sparc64. As a consequence, support for
2558 FreeBSD on non-x86 processors is separate from x86 processors on
2559 the config script, much like the NetBSD support.
2560 [Richard Levitte & Kris Kennaway <kris@obsecurity.org>]
2562 Changes between 0.9.6h and 0.9.7 [31 Dec 2002]
2564 [NB: OpenSSL 0.9.6i and later 0.9.6 patch levels were released after
2567 *) Fix session ID handling in SSLv2 client code: the SERVER FINISHED
2568 code (06) was taken as the first octet of the session ID and the last
2569 octet was ignored consequently. As a result SSLv2 client side session
2570 caching could not have worked due to the session ID mismatch between
2572 Behaviour observed by Crispin Flowerday <crispin@flowerday.cx> as
2576 *) Change the declaration of needed Kerberos libraries to use EX_LIBS
2577 instead of the special (and badly supported) LIBKRB5. LIBKRB5 is
2581 *) The hw_ncipher.c engine requires dynamic locks. Unfortunately, it
2582 seems that in spite of existing for more than a year, many application
2583 author have done nothing to provide the necessary callbacks, which
2584 means that this particular engine will not work properly anywhere.
2585 This is a very unfortunate situation which forces us, in the name
2586 of usability, to give the hw_ncipher.c a static lock, which is part
2588 NOTE: This is for the 0.9.7 series ONLY. This hack will never
2589 appear in 0.9.8 or later. We EXPECT application authors to have
2590 dealt properly with this when 0.9.8 is released (unless we actually
2591 make such changes in the libcrypto locking code that changes will
2592 have to be made anyway).
2595 *) In asn1_d2i_read_bio() repeatedly call BIO_read() until all content
2596 octets have been read, EOF or an error occurs. Without this change
2597 some truncated ASN1 structures will not produce an error.
2600 *) Disable Heimdal support, since it hasn't been fully implemented.
2601 Still give the possibility to force the use of Heimdal, but with
2602 warnings and a request that patches get sent to openssl-dev.
2605 *) Add the VC-CE target, introduce the WINCE sysname, and add
2606 INSTALL.WCE and appropriate conditionals to make it build.
2607 [Steven Reddie <smr@essemer.com.au> via Richard Levitte]
2609 *) Change the DLL names for Cygwin to cygcrypto-x.y.z.dll and
2610 cygssl-x.y.z.dll, where x, y and z are the major, minor and
2611 edit numbers of the version.
2612 [Corinna Vinschen <vinschen@redhat.com> and Richard Levitte]
2614 *) Introduce safe string copy and catenation functions
2615 (BUF_strlcpy() and BUF_strlcat()).
2616 [Ben Laurie (CHATS) and Richard Levitte]
2618 *) Avoid using fixed-size buffers for one-line DNs.
2619 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2621 *) Add BUF_MEM_grow_clean() to avoid information leakage when
2622 resizing buffers containing secrets, and use where appropriate.
2623 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2625 *) Avoid using fixed size buffers for configuration file location.
2626 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2628 *) Avoid filename truncation for various CA files.
2629 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2631 *) Use sizeof in preference to magic numbers.
2632 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2634 *) Avoid filename truncation in cert requests.
2635 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2637 *) Add assertions to check for (supposedly impossible) buffer
2639 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2641 *) Don't cache truncated DNS entries in the local cache (this could
2642 potentially lead to a spoofing attack).
2643 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2645 *) Fix various buffers to be large enough for hex/decimal
2646 representations in a platform independent manner.
2647 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2649 *) Add CRYPTO_realloc_clean() to avoid information leakage when
2650 resizing buffers containing secrets, and use where appropriate.
2651 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2653 *) Add BIO_indent() to avoid much slightly worrying code to do
2655 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2657 *) Convert sprintf()/BIO_puts() to BIO_printf().
2658 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2660 *) buffer_gets() could terminate with the buffer only half
2662 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2664 *) Add assertions to prevent user-supplied crypto functions from
2665 overflowing internal buffers by having large block sizes, etc.
2666 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2668 *) New OPENSSL_assert() macro (similar to assert(), but enabled
2670 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2672 *) Eliminate unused copy of key in RC4.
2673 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2675 *) Eliminate unused and incorrectly sized buffers for IV in pem.h.
2676 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2678 *) Fix off-by-one error in EGD path.
2679 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2681 *) If RANDFILE path is too long, ignore instead of truncating.
2682 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2684 *) Eliminate unused and incorrectly sized X.509 structure
2686 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2688 *) Eliminate unused and dangerous function knumber().
2689 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2691 *) Eliminate unused and dangerous structure, KSSL_ERR.
2692 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2694 *) Protect against overlong session ID context length in an encoded
2695 session object. Since these are local, this does not appear to be
2697 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2699 *) Change from security patch (see 0.9.6e below) that did not affect
2700 the 0.9.6 release series:
2702 Remote buffer overflow in SSL3 protocol - an attacker could
2703 supply an oversized master key in Kerberos-enabled versions.
2705 [Ben Laurie (CHATS)]
2707 *) Change the SSL kerb5 codes to match RFC 2712.
2710 *) Make -nameopt work fully for req and add -reqopt switch.
2711 [Michael Bell <michael.bell@rz.hu-berlin.de>, Steve Henson]
2713 *) The "block size" for block ciphers in CFB and OFB mode should be 1.
2714 [Steve Henson, reported by Yngve Nysaeter Pettersen <yngve@opera.com>]
2716 *) Make sure tests can be performed even if the corresponding algorithms
2717 have been removed entirely. This was also the last step to make
2718 OpenSSL compilable with DJGPP under all reasonable conditions.
2719 [Richard Levitte, Doug Kaufman <dkaufman@rahul.net>]
2721 *) Add cipher selection rules COMPLEMENTOFALL and COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT
2722 to allow version independent disabling of normally unselected ciphers,
2723 which may be activated as a side-effect of selecting a single cipher.
2725 (E.g., cipher list string "RSA" enables ciphersuites that are left
2726 out of "ALL" because they do not provide symmetric encryption.
2727 "RSA:!COMPLEMEMENTOFALL" avoids these unsafe ciphersuites.)
2728 [Lutz Jaenicke, Bodo Moeller]
2730 *) Add appropriate support for separate platform-dependent build
2731 directories. The recommended way to make a platform-dependent
2732 build directory is the following (tested on Linux), maybe with
2735 # Place yourself outside of the OpenSSL source tree. In
2736 # this example, the environment variable OPENSSL_SOURCE
2737 # is assumed to contain the absolute OpenSSL source directory.
2738 mkdir -p objtree/"`uname -s`-`uname -r`-`uname -m`"
2739 cd objtree/"`uname -s`-`uname -r`-`uname -m`"
2740 (cd $OPENSSL_SOURCE; find . -type f) | while read F; do
2741 mkdir -p `dirname $F`
2742 ln -s $OPENSSL_SOURCE/$F $F
2745 To be absolutely sure not to disturb the source tree, a "make clean"
2746 is a good thing. If it isn't successfull, don't worry about it,
2747 it probably means the source directory is very clean.
2750 *) Make sure any ENGINE control commands make local copies of string
2751 pointers passed to them whenever necessary. Otherwise it is possible
2752 the caller may have overwritten (or deallocated) the original string
2753 data when a later ENGINE operation tries to use the stored values.
2754 [Götz Babin-Ebell <babinebell@trustcenter.de>]
2756 *) Improve diagnostics in file reading and command-line digests.
2757 [Ben Laurie aided and abetted by Solar Designer <solar@openwall.com>]
2759 *) Add AES modes CFB and OFB to the object database. Correct an
2760 error in AES-CFB decryption.
2763 *) Remove most calls to EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup() in evp_enc.c, this
2764 allows existing EVP_CIPHER_CTX structures to be reused after
2765 calling EVP_*Final(). This behaviour is used by encryption
2766 BIOs and some applications. This has the side effect that
2767 applications must explicitly clean up cipher contexts with
2768 EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup() or they will leak memory.
2771 *) Check the values of dna and dnb in bn_mul_recursive before calling
2772 bn_mul_comba (a non zero value means the a or b arrays do not contain
2773 n2 elements) and fallback to bn_mul_normal if either is not zero.
2776 *) Fix escaping of non-ASCII characters when using the -subj option
2777 of the "openssl req" command line tool. (Robert Joop <joop@fokus.gmd.de>)
2780 *) Make object definitions compliant to LDAP (RFC2256): SN is the short
2781 form for "surname", serialNumber has no short form.
2782 Use "mail" as the short name for "rfc822Mailbox" according to RFC2798;
2783 therefore remove "mail" short name for "internet 7".
2784 The OID for unique identifiers in X509 certificates is
2785 x500UniqueIdentifier, not uniqueIdentifier.
2786 Some more OID additions. (Michael Bell <michael.bell@rz.hu-berlin.de>)
2789 *) Add an "init" command to the ENGINE config module and auto initialize
2790 ENGINEs. Without any "init" command the ENGINE will be initialized
2791 after all ctrl commands have been executed on it. If init=1 the
2792 ENGINE is initailized at that point (ctrls before that point are run
2793 on the uninitialized ENGINE and after on the initialized one). If
2794 init=0 then the ENGINE will not be iniatialized at all.
2797 *) Fix the 'app_verify_callback' interface so that the user-defined
2798 argument is actually passed to the callback: In the
2799 SSL_CTX_set_cert_verify_callback() prototype, the callback
2800 declaration has been changed from
2803 int (*cb)(X509_STORE_CTX *,void *);
2804 in ssl_verify_cert_chain (ssl/ssl_cert.c), the call
2805 i=s->ctx->app_verify_callback(&ctx)
2806 has been changed into
2807 i=s->ctx->app_verify_callback(&ctx, s->ctx->app_verify_arg).
2809 To update applications using SSL_CTX_set_cert_verify_callback(),
2810 a dummy argument can be added to their callback functions.
2811 [D. K. Smetters <smetters@parc.xerox.com>]
2813 *) Added the '4758cca' ENGINE to support IBM 4758 cards.
2814 [Maurice Gittens <maurice@gittens.nl>, touchups by Geoff Thorpe]
2816 *) Add and OPENSSL_LOAD_CONF define which will cause
2817 OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms() to load the openssl.cnf config file.
2818 This allows older applications to transparently support certain
2819 OpenSSL features: such as crypto acceleration and dynamic ENGINE loading.
2820 Two new functions OPENSSL_add_all_algorithms_noconf() which will never
2821 load the config file and OPENSSL_add_all_algorithms_conf() which will
2822 always load it have also been added.
2825 *) Add the OFB, CFB and CTR (all with 128 bit feedback) to AES.
2826 Adjust NIDs and EVP layer.
2827 [Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> and Richard Levitte]
2829 *) Config modules support in openssl utility.
2831 Most commands now load modules from the config file,
2832 though in a few (such as version) this isn't done
2833 because it couldn't be used for anything.
2835 In the case of ca and req the config file used is
2836 the same as the utility itself: that is the -config
2837 command line option can be used to specify an
2841 *) Move default behaviour from OPENSSL_config(). If appname is NULL
2842 use "openssl_conf" if filename is NULL use default openssl config file.
2845 *) Add an argument to OPENSSL_config() to allow the use of an alternative
2846 config section name. Add a new flag to tolerate a missing config file
2847 and move code to CONF_modules_load_file().
2850 *) Support for crypto accelerator cards from Accelerated Encryption
2851 Processing, www.aep.ie. (Use engine 'aep')
2852 The support was copied from 0.9.6c [engine] and adapted/corrected
2853 to work with the new engine framework.
2854 [AEP Inc. and Richard Levitte]
2856 *) Support for SureWare crypto accelerator cards from Baltimore
2857 Technologies. (Use engine 'sureware')
2858 The support was copied from 0.9.6c [engine] and adapted
2859 to work with the new engine framework.
2862 *) Have the CHIL engine fork-safe (as defined by nCipher) and actually
2863 make the newer ENGINE framework commands for the CHIL engine work.
2864 [Toomas Kiisk <vix@cyber.ee> and Richard Levitte]
2866 *) Make it possible to produce shared libraries on ReliantUNIX.
2867 [Robert Dahlem <Robert.Dahlem@ffm2.siemens.de> via Richard Levitte]
2869 *) Add the configuration target debug-linux-ppro.
2870 Make 'openssl rsa' use the general key loading routines
2871 implemented in apps.c, and make those routines able to
2872 handle the key format FORMAT_NETSCAPE and the variant
2874 [Toomas Kiisk <vix@cyber.ee> via Richard Levitte]
2876 *) Fix a crashbug and a logic bug in hwcrhk_load_pubkey().
2877 [Toomas Kiisk <vix@cyber.ee> via Richard Levitte]
2879 *) Add -keyform to rsautl, and document -engine.
2880 [Richard Levitte, inspired by Toomas Kiisk <vix@cyber.ee>]
2882 *) Change BIO_new_file (crypto/bio/bss_file.c) to use new
2883 BIO_R_NO_SUCH_FILE error code rather than the generic
2884 ERR_R_SYS_LIB error code if fopen() fails with ENOENT.
2887 *) Add new functions
2889 ERR_peek_last_error_line
2890 ERR_peek_last_error_line_data.
2891 These are similar to
2894 ERR_peek_error_line_data,
2895 but report on the latest error recorded rather than the first one
2896 still in the error queue.
2897 [Ben Laurie, Bodo Moeller]
2899 *) default_algorithms option in ENGINE config module. This allows things
2901 default_algorithms = ALL
2902 default_algorithms = RSA, DSA, RAND, CIPHERS, DIGESTS
2905 *) Prelminary ENGINE config module.
2908 *) New experimental application configuration code.
2911 *) Change the AES code to follow the same name structure as all other
2912 symmetric ciphers, and behave the same way. Move everything to
2913 the directory crypto/aes, thereby obsoleting crypto/rijndael.
2914 [Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> and Richard Levitte]
2916 *) SECURITY: remove unsafe setjmp/signal interaction from ui_openssl.c.
2917 [Ben Laurie and Theo de Raadt]
2919 *) Add option to output public keys in req command.
2920 [Massimiliano Pala madwolf@openca.org]
2922 *) Use wNAFs in EC_POINTs_mul() for improved efficiency
2923 (up to about 10% better than before for P-192 and P-224).
2926 *) New functions/macros
2928 SSL_CTX_set_msg_callback(ctx, cb)
2929 SSL_CTX_set_msg_callback_arg(ctx, arg)
2930 SSL_set_msg_callback(ssl, cb)
2931 SSL_set_msg_callback_arg(ssl, arg)
2933 to request calling a callback function
2935 void cb(int write_p, int version, int content_type,
2936 const void *buf, size_t len, SSL *ssl, void *arg)
2938 whenever a protocol message has been completely received
2939 (write_p == 0) or sent (write_p == 1). Here 'version' is the
2940 protocol version according to which the SSL library interprets
2941 the current protocol message (SSL2_VERSION, SSL3_VERSION, or
2942 TLS1_VERSION). 'content_type' is 0 in the case of SSL 2.0, or
2943 the content type as defined in the SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0 protocol
2944 specification (change_cipher_spec(20), alert(21), handshake(22)).
2945 'buf' and 'len' point to the actual message, 'ssl' to the
2946 SSL object, and 'arg' is the application-defined value set by
2947 SSL[_CTX]_set_msg_callback_arg().
2949 'openssl s_client' and 'openssl s_server' have new '-msg' options
2950 to enable a callback that displays all protocol messages.
2953 *) Change the shared library support so shared libraries are built as
2954 soon as the corresponding static library is finished, and thereby get
2955 openssl and the test programs linked against the shared library.
2956 This still only happens when the keyword "shard" has been given to
2957 the configuration scripts.
2959 NOTE: shared library support is still an experimental thing, and
2960 backward binary compatibility is still not guaranteed.
2961 ["Maciej W. Rozycki" <macro@ds2.pg.gda.pl> and Richard Levitte]
2963 *) Add support for Subject Information Access extension.
2964 [Peter Sylvester <Peter.Sylvester@EdelWeb.fr>]
2966 *) Make BUF_MEM_grow() behaviour more consistent: Initialise to zero
2967 additional bytes when new memory had to be allocated, not just
2968 when reusing an existing buffer.
2971 *) New command line and configuration option 'utf8' for the req command.
2972 This allows field values to be specified as UTF8 strings.
2975 *) Add -multi and -mr options to "openssl speed" - giving multiple parallel
2976 runs for the former and machine-readable output for the latter.
2979 *) Add '-noemailDN' option to 'openssl ca'. This prevents inclusion
2980 of the e-mail address in the DN (i.e., it will go into a certificate
2981 extension only). The new configuration file option 'email_in_dn = no'
2982 has the same effect.
2983 [Massimiliano Pala madwolf@openca.org]
2985 *) Change all functions with names starting with des_ to be starting
2986 with DES_ instead. Add wrappers that are compatible with libdes,
2987 but are named _ossl_old_des_*. Finally, add macros that map the
2988 des_* symbols to the corresponding _ossl_old_des_* if libdes
2989 compatibility is desired. If OpenSSL 0.9.6c compatibility is
2990 desired, the des_* symbols will be mapped to DES_*, with one
2993 Since we provide two compatibility mappings, the user needs to
2994 define the macro OPENSSL_DES_LIBDES_COMPATIBILITY if libdes
2995 compatibility is desired. The default (i.e., when that macro
2996 isn't defined) is OpenSSL 0.9.6c compatibility.
2998 There are also macros that enable and disable the support of old
2999 des functions altogether. Those are OPENSSL_ENABLE_OLD_DES_SUPPORT
3000 and OPENSSL_DISABLE_OLD_DES_SUPPORT. If none or both of those
3001 are defined, the default will apply: to support the old des routines.
3003 In either case, one must include openssl/des.h to get the correct
3004 definitions. Do not try to just include openssl/des_old.h, that
3007 NOTE: This is a major break of an old API into a new one. Software
3008 authors are encouraged to switch to the DES_ style functions. Some
3009 time in the future, des_old.h and the libdes compatibility functions
3010 will be disable (i.e. OPENSSL_DISABLE_OLD_DES_SUPPORT will be the
3011 default), and then completely removed.
3014 *) Test for certificates which contain unsupported critical extensions.
3015 If such a certificate is found during a verify operation it is
3016 rejected by default: this behaviour can be overridden by either
3017 handling the new error X509_V_ERR_UNHANDLED_CRITICAL_EXTENSION or
3018 by setting the verify flag X509_V_FLAG_IGNORE_CRITICAL. A new function
3019 X509_supported_extension() has also been added which returns 1 if a
3020 particular extension is supported.
3023 *) Modify the behaviour of EVP cipher functions in similar way to digests
3024 to retain compatibility with existing code.
3027 *) Modify the behaviour of EVP_DigestInit() and EVP_DigestFinal() to retain
3028 compatibility with existing code. In particular the 'ctx' parameter does
3029 not have to be to be initialized before the call to EVP_DigestInit() and
3030 it is tidied up after a call to EVP_DigestFinal(). New function
3031 EVP_DigestFinal_ex() which does not tidy up the ctx. Similarly function
3032 EVP_MD_CTX_copy() changed to not require the destination to be
3033 initialized valid and new function EVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex() added which
3034 requires the destination to be valid.
3036 Modify all the OpenSSL digest calls to use EVP_DigestInit_ex(),
3037 EVP_DigestFinal_ex() and EVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex().
3040 *) Change ssl3_get_message (ssl/s3_both.c) and the functions using it
3041 so that complete 'Handshake' protocol structures are kept in memory
3042 instead of overwriting 'msg_type' and 'length' with 'body' data.
3045 *) Add an implementation of SSL_add_dir_cert_subjects_to_stack for Win32.
3046 [Massimo Santin via Richard Levitte]
3048 *) Major restructuring to the underlying ENGINE code. This includes
3049 reduction of linker bloat, separation of pure "ENGINE" manipulation
3050 (initialisation, etc) from functionality dealing with implementations
3051 of specific crypto iterfaces. This change also introduces integrated
3052 support for symmetric ciphers and digest implementations - so ENGINEs
3053 can now accelerate these by providing EVP_CIPHER and EVP_MD
3054 implementations of their own. This is detailed in crypto/engine/README
3055 as it couldn't be adequately described here. However, there are a few
3056 API changes worth noting - some RSA, DSA, DH, and RAND functions that
3057 were changed in the original introduction of ENGINE code have now
3058 reverted back - the hooking from this code to ENGINE is now a good
3059 deal more passive and at run-time, operations deal directly with
3060 RSA_METHODs, DSA_METHODs (etc) as they did before, rather than
3061 dereferencing through an ENGINE pointer any more. Also, the ENGINE
3062 functions dealing with BN_MOD_EXP[_CRT] handlers have been removed -
3063 they were not being used by the framework as there is no concept of a
3064 BIGNUM_METHOD and they could not be generalised to the new
3065 'ENGINE_TABLE' mechanism that underlies the new code. Similarly,
3066 ENGINE_cpy() has been removed as it cannot be consistently defined in
3070 *) Change ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME_check() to allow fractional seconds.
3073 *) Change mkdef.pl to sort symbols that get the same entry number,
3074 and make sure the automatically generated functions ERR_load_*
3075 become part of libeay.num as well.
3078 *) New function SSL_renegotiate_pending(). This returns true once
3079 renegotiation has been requested (either SSL_renegotiate() call
3080 or HelloRequest/ClientHello receveived from the peer) and becomes
3081 false once a handshake has been completed.
3082 (For servers, SSL_renegotiate() followed by SSL_do_handshake()
3083 sends a HelloRequest, but does not ensure that a handshake takes
3084 place. SSL_renegotiate_pending() is useful for checking if the
3085 client has followed the request.)
3088 *) New SSL option SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION.
3089 By default, clients may request session resumption even during
3090 renegotiation (if session ID contexts permit); with this option,
3091 session resumption is possible only in the first handshake.
3093 SSL_OP_ALL is now 0x00000FFFL instead of 0x000FFFFFL. This makes
3094 more bits available for options that should not be part of
3095 SSL_OP_ALL (such as SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION).
3098 *) Add some demos for certificate and certificate request creation.
3101 *) Make maximum certificate chain size accepted from the peer application
3102 settable (SSL*_get/set_max_cert_list()), as proposed by
3103 "Douglas E. Engert" <deengert@anl.gov>.
3106 *) Add support for shared libraries for Unixware-7
3107 (Boyd Lynn Gerber <gerberb@zenez.com>).
3110 *) Add a "destroy" handler to ENGINEs that allows structural cleanup to
3111 be done prior to destruction. Use this to unload error strings from
3112 ENGINEs that load their own error strings. NB: This adds two new API
3113 functions to "get" and "set" this destroy handler in an ENGINE.
3116 *) Alter all existing ENGINE implementations (except "openssl" and
3117 "openbsd") to dynamically instantiate their own error strings. This
3118 makes them more flexible to be built both as statically-linked ENGINEs
3119 and self-contained shared-libraries loadable via the "dynamic" ENGINE.
3120 Also, add stub code to each that makes building them as self-contained
3121 shared-libraries easier (see README.ENGINE).
3124 *) Add a "dynamic" ENGINE that provides a mechanism for binding ENGINE
3125 implementations into applications that are completely implemented in
3126 self-contained shared-libraries. The "dynamic" ENGINE exposes control
3127 commands that can be used to configure what shared-library to load and
3128 to control aspects of the way it is handled. Also, made an update to
3129 the README.ENGINE file that brings its information up-to-date and
3130 provides some information and instructions on the "dynamic" ENGINE
3131 (ie. how to use it, how to build "dynamic"-loadable ENGINEs, etc).
3134 *) Make it possible to unload ranges of ERR strings with a new
3135 "ERR_unload_strings" function.
3138 *) Add a copy() function to EVP_MD.
3141 *) Make EVP_MD routines take a context pointer instead of just the
3142 md_data void pointer.
3145 *) Add flags to EVP_MD and EVP_MD_CTX. EVP_MD_FLAG_ONESHOT indicates
3146 that the digest can only process a single chunk of data
3147 (typically because it is provided by a piece of
3148 hardware). EVP_MD_CTX_FLAG_ONESHOT indicates that the application
3149 is only going to provide a single chunk of data, and hence the
3150 framework needn't accumulate the data for oneshot drivers.
3153 *) As with "ERR", make it possible to replace the underlying "ex_data"
3154 functions. This change also alters the storage and management of global
3155 ex_data state - it's now all inside ex_data.c and all "class" code (eg.
3156 RSA, BIO, SSL_CTX, etc) no longer stores its own STACKS and per-class
3157 index counters. The API functions that use this state have been changed
3158 to take a "class_index" rather than pointers to the class's local STACK
3159 and counter, and there is now an API function to dynamically create new
3160 classes. This centralisation allows us to (a) plug a lot of the
3161 thread-safety problems that existed, and (b) makes it possible to clean
3162 up all allocated state using "CRYPTO_cleanup_all_ex_data()". W.r.t. (b)
3163 such data would previously have always leaked in application code and
3164 workarounds were in place to make the memory debugging turn a blind eye
3165 to it. Application code that doesn't use this new function will still
3166 leak as before, but their memory debugging output will announce it now
3167 rather than letting it slide.
3169 Besides the addition of CRYPTO_cleanup_all_ex_data(), another API change
3170 induced by the "ex_data" overhaul is that X509_STORE_CTX_init() now
3171 has a return value to indicate success or failure.
3174 *) Make it possible to replace the underlying "ERR" functions such that the
3175 global state (2 LHASH tables and 2 locks) is only used by the "default"
3176 implementation. This change also adds two functions to "get" and "set"
3177 the implementation prior to it being automatically set the first time
3178 any other ERR function takes place. Ie. an application can call "get",
3179 pass the return value to a module it has just loaded, and that module
3180 can call its own "set" function using that value. This means the
3181 module's "ERR" operations will use (and modify) the error state in the
3182 application and not in its own statically linked copy of OpenSSL code.
3185 *) Give DH, DSA, and RSA types their own "**_up_ref()" function to increment
3186 reference counts. This performs normal REF_PRINT/REF_CHECK macros on
3187 the operation, and provides a more encapsulated way for external code
3188 (crypto/evp/ and ssl/) to do this. Also changed the evp and ssl code
3189 to use these functions rather than manually incrementing the counts.
3191 Also rename "DSO_up()" function to more descriptive "DSO_up_ref()".
3194 *) Add EVP test program.
3197 *) Add symmetric cipher support to ENGINE. Expect the API to change!
3200 *) New CRL functions: X509_CRL_set_version(), X509_CRL_set_issuer_name()
3201 X509_CRL_set_lastUpdate(), X509_CRL_set_nextUpdate(), X509_CRL_sort(),
3202 X509_REVOKED_set_serialNumber(), and X509_REVOKED_set_revocationDate().
3203 These allow a CRL to be built without having to access X509_CRL fields
3204 directly. Modify 'ca' application to use new functions.
3207 *) Move SSL_OP_TLS_ROLLBACK_BUG out of the SSL_OP_ALL list of recommended
3208 bug workarounds. Rollback attack detection is a security feature.
3209 The problem will only arise on OpenSSL servers when TLSv1 is not
3210 available (sslv3_server_method() or SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1).
3211 Software authors not wanting to support TLSv1 will have special reasons
3212 for their choice and can explicitly enable this option.
3213 [Bodo Moeller, Lutz Jaenicke]
3215 *) Rationalise EVP so it can be extended: don't include a union of
3216 cipher/digest structures, add init/cleanup functions for EVP_MD_CTX
3217 (similar to those existing for EVP_CIPHER_CTX).
3222 EVP_MD_CTX_init(&md); /* new function call */
3223 EVP_DigestInit(&md, EVP_sha1());
3224 EVP_DigestUpdate(&md, in, len);
3225 EVP_DigestFinal(&md, out, NULL);
3226 EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup(&md); /* new function call */
3230 *) Make DES key schedule conform to the usual scheme, as well as
3231 correcting its structure. This means that calls to DES functions
3232 now have to pass a pointer to a des_key_schedule instead of a
3233 plain des_key_schedule (which was actually always a pointer
3236 des_key_schedule ks;
3238 des_set_key_checked(..., &ks);
3239 des_ncbc_encrypt(..., &ks, ...);
3241 (Note that a later change renames 'des_...' into 'DES_...'.)
3244 *) Initial reduction of linker bloat: the use of some functions, such as
3245 PEM causes large amounts of unused functions to be linked in due to
3246 poor organisation. For example pem_all.c contains every PEM function
3247 which has a knock on effect of linking in large amounts of (unused)
3248 ASN1 code. Grouping together similar functions and splitting unrelated
3249 functions prevents this.
3252 *) Cleanup of EVP macros.
3255 *) Change historical references to {NID,SN,LN}_des_ede and ede3 to add the
3256 correct _ecb suffix.
3259 *) Add initial OCSP responder support to ocsp application. The
3260 revocation information is handled using the text based index
3261 use by the ca application. The responder can either handle
3262 requests generated internally, supplied in files (for example
3263 via a CGI script) or using an internal minimal server.
3266 *) Add configuration choices to get zlib compression for TLS.
3269 *) Changes to Kerberos SSL for RFC 2712 compliance:
3270 1. Implemented real KerberosWrapper, instead of just using
3271 KRB5 AP_REQ message. [Thanks to Simon Wilkinson <sxw@sxw.org.uk>]
3272 2. Implemented optional authenticator field of KerberosWrapper.
3274 Added openssl-style ASN.1 macros for Kerberos ticket, ap_req,
3275 and authenticator structs; see crypto/krb5/.
3277 Generalized Kerberos calls to support multiple Kerberos libraries.
3278 [Vern Staats <staatsvr@asc.hpc.mil>,
3279 Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
3280 via Richard Levitte]
3282 *) Cause 'openssl speed' to use fully hard-coded DSA keys as it
3283 already does with RSA. testdsa.h now has 'priv_key/pub_key'
3284 values for each of the key sizes rather than having just
3285 parameters (and 'speed' generating keys each time).
3288 *) Speed up EVP routines.
3291 type 8 bytes 64 bytes 256 bytes 1024 bytes 8192 bytes
3292 des-cbc 4408.85k 5560.51k 5778.46k 5862.20k 5825.16k
3293 des-cbc 4389.55k 5571.17k 5792.23k 5846.91k 5832.11k
3294 des-cbc 4394.32k 5575.92k 5807.44k 5848.37k 5841.30k
3296 des-cbc 3482.66k 5069.49k 5496.39k 5614.16k 5639.28k
3297 des-cbc 3480.74k 5068.76k 5510.34k 5609.87k 5635.52k
3298 des-cbc 3483.72k 5067.62k 5504.60k 5708.01k 5724.80k
3301 des-cbc 4660.16k 5650.19k 5807.19k 5827.13k 5783.32k
3303 des-cbc 3624.96k 5258.21k 5530.91k 5624.30k 5628.26k
3306 *) Added the OS2-EMX target.
3307 ["Brian Havard" <brianh@kheldar.apana.org.au> and Richard Levitte]
3309 *) Rewrite apps to use NCONF routines instead of the old CONF. New functions
3310 to support NCONF routines in extension code. New function CONF_set_nconf()
3311 to allow functions which take an NCONF to also handle the old LHASH
3312 structure: this means that the old CONF compatible routines can be
3313 retained (in particular wrt extensions) without having to duplicate the
3314 code. New function X509V3_add_ext_nconf_sk to add extensions to a stack.
3317 *) Enhance the general user interface with mechanisms for inner control
3318 and with possibilities to have yes/no kind of prompts.
3321 *) Change all calls to low level digest routines in the library and
3322 applications to use EVP. Add missing calls to HMAC_cleanup() and
3323 don't assume HMAC_CTX can be copied using memcpy().
3324 [Verdon Walker <VWalker@novell.com>, Steve Henson]
3326 *) Add the possibility to control engines through control names but with
3327 arbitrary arguments instead of just a string.
3328 Change the key loaders to take a UI_METHOD instead of a callback
3329 function pointer. NOTE: this breaks binary compatibility with earlier
3330 versions of OpenSSL [engine].
3331 Adapt the nCipher code for these new conditions and add a card insertion
3335 *) Enhance the general user interface with mechanisms to better support
3336 dialog box interfaces, application-defined prompts, the possibility
3337 to use defaults (for example default passwords from somewhere else)
3338 and interrupts/cancellations.
3341 *) Tidy up PKCS#12 attribute handling. Add support for the CSP name
3342 attribute in PKCS#12 files, add new -CSP option to pkcs12 utility.
3345 *) Fix a memory leak in 'sk_dup()' in the case reallocation fails. (Also
3346 tidy up some unnecessarily weird code in 'sk_new()').
3347 [Geoff, reported by Diego Tartara <dtartara@novamens.com>]
3349 *) Change the key loading routines for ENGINEs to use the same kind
3350 callback (pem_password_cb) as all other routines that need this
3354 *) Increase ENTROPY_NEEDED to 32 bytes, as Rijndael can operate with
3355 256 bit (=32 byte) keys. Of course seeding with more entropy bytes
3356 than this minimum value is recommended.
3359 *) New random seeder for OpenVMS, using the system process statistics
3360 that are easily reachable.
3363 *) Windows apparently can't transparently handle global
3364 variables defined in DLLs. Initialisations such as:
3366 const ASN1_ITEM *it = &ASN1_INTEGER_it;
3368 wont compile. This is used by the any applications that need to
3369 declare their own ASN1 modules. This was fixed by adding the option
3370 EXPORT_VAR_AS_FN to all Win32 platforms, although this isn't strictly
3371 needed for static libraries under Win32.
3374 *) New functions X509_PURPOSE_set() and X509_TRUST_set() to handle
3375 setting of purpose and trust fields. New X509_STORE trust and
3376 purpose functions and tidy up setting in other SSL functions.
3379 *) Add copies of X509_STORE_CTX fields and callbacks to X509_STORE
3380 structure. These are inherited by X509_STORE_CTX when it is
3381 initialised. This allows various defaults to be set in the
3382 X509_STORE structure (such as flags for CRL checking and custom
3383 purpose or trust settings) for functions which only use X509_STORE_CTX
3384 internally such as S/MIME.
3386 Modify X509_STORE_CTX_purpose_inherit() so it only sets purposes and
3387 trust settings if they are not set in X509_STORE. This allows X509_STORE
3388 purposes and trust (in S/MIME for example) to override any set by default.
3390 Add command line options for CRL checking to smime, s_client and s_server
3394 *) Initial CRL based revocation checking. If the CRL checking flag(s)
3395 are set then the CRL is looked up in the X509_STORE structure and
3396 its validity and signature checked, then if the certificate is found
3397 in the CRL the verify fails with a revoked error.
3399 Various new CRL related callbacks added to X509_STORE_CTX structure.
3401 Command line options added to 'verify' application to support this.
3403 This needs some additional work, such as being able to handle multiple
3404 CRLs with different times, extension based lookup (rather than just
3405 by subject name) and ultimately more complete V2 CRL extension
3409 *) Add a general user interface API (crypto/ui/). This is designed
3410 to replace things like des_read_password and friends (backward
3411 compatibility functions using this new API are provided).
3412 The purpose is to remove prompting functions from the DES code
3413 section as well as provide for prompting through dialog boxes in
3414 a window system and the like.
3417 *) Add "ex_data" support to ENGINE so implementations can add state at a
3418 per-structure level rather than having to store it globally.
3421 *) Make it possible for ENGINE structures to be copied when retrieved by
3422 ENGINE_by_id() if the ENGINE specifies a new flag: ENGINE_FLAGS_BY_ID_COPY.
3423 This causes the "original" ENGINE structure to act like a template,
3424 analogous to the RSA vs. RSA_METHOD type of separation. Because of this
3425 operational state can be localised to each ENGINE structure, despite the
3426 fact they all share the same "methods". New ENGINE structures returned in
3427 this case have no functional references and the return value is the single
3428 structural reference. This matches the single structural reference returned
3429 by ENGINE_by_id() normally, when it is incremented on the pre-existing
3433 *) Fix ASN1 decoder when decoding type ANY and V_ASN1_OTHER: since this
3434 needs to match any other type at all we need to manually clear the
3438 *) Changes to the "openssl engine" utility to include;
3439 - verbosity levels ('-v', '-vv', and '-vvv') that provide information
3440 about an ENGINE's available control commands.
3441 - executing control commands from command line arguments using the
3442 '-pre' and '-post' switches. '-post' is only used if '-t' is
3443 specified and the ENGINE is successfully initialised. The syntax for
3444 the individual commands are colon-separated, for example;
3445 openssl engine chil -pre FORK_CHECK:0 -pre SO_PATH:/lib/test.so
3448 *) New dynamic control command support for ENGINEs. ENGINEs can now
3449 declare their own commands (numbers), names (strings), descriptions,
3450 and input types for run-time discovery by calling applications. A
3451 subset of these commands are implicitly classed as "executable"
3452 depending on their input type, and only these can be invoked through
3453 the new string-based API function ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(). (Eg. this
3454 can be based on user input, config files, etc). The distinction is
3455 that "executable" commands cannot return anything other than a boolean
3456 result and can only support numeric or string input, whereas some
3457 discoverable commands may only be for direct use through
3458 ENGINE_ctrl(), eg. supporting the exchange of binary data, function
3459 pointers, or other custom uses. The "executable" commands are to
3460 support parameterisations of ENGINE behaviour that can be
3461 unambiguously defined by ENGINEs and used consistently across any
3462 OpenSSL-based application. Commands have been added to all the
3463 existing hardware-supporting ENGINEs, noticeably "SO_PATH" to allow
3464 control over shared-library paths without source code alterations.
3467 *) Changed all ENGINE implementations to dynamically allocate their
3468 ENGINEs rather than declaring them statically. Apart from this being
3469 necessary with the removal of the ENGINE_FLAGS_MALLOCED distinction,
3470 this also allows the implementations to compile without using the
3471 internal engine_int.h header.
3474 *) Minor adjustment to "rand" code. RAND_get_rand_method() now returns a
3475 'const' value. Any code that should be able to modify a RAND_METHOD
3476 should already have non-const pointers to it (ie. they should only
3477 modify their own ones).
3480 *) Made a variety of little tweaks to the ENGINE code.
3481 - "atalla" and "ubsec" string definitions were moved from header files
3482 to C code. "nuron" string definitions were placed in variables
3483 rather than hard-coded - allowing parameterisation of these values
3484 later on via ctrl() commands.
3485 - Removed unused "#if 0"'d code.
3486 - Fixed engine list iteration code so it uses ENGINE_free() to release
3487 structural references.
3488 - Constified the RAND_METHOD element of ENGINE structures.
3489 - Constified various get/set functions as appropriate and added
3490 missing functions (including a catch-all ENGINE_cpy that duplicates
3491 all ENGINE values onto a new ENGINE except reference counts/state).
3492 - Removed NULL parameter checks in get/set functions. Setting a method
3493 or function to NULL is a way of cancelling out a previously set
3494 value. Passing a NULL ENGINE parameter is just plain stupid anyway
3495 and doesn't justify the extra error symbols and code.
3496 - Deprecate the ENGINE_FLAGS_MALLOCED define and move the area for
3497 flags from engine_int.h to engine.h.
3498 - Changed prototypes for ENGINE handler functions (init(), finish(),
3499 ctrl(), key-load functions, etc) to take an (ENGINE*) parameter.
3502 *) Implement binary inversion algorithm for BN_mod_inverse in addition
3503 to the algorithm using long division. The binary algorithm can be
3504 used only if the modulus is odd. On 32-bit systems, it is faster
3505 only for relatively small moduli (roughly 20-30% for 128-bit moduli,
3506 roughly 5-15% for 256-bit moduli), so we use it only for moduli
3507 up to 450 bits. In 64-bit environments, the binary algorithm
3508 appears to be advantageous for much longer moduli; here we use it
3509 for moduli up to 2048 bits.
3512 *) Rewrite CHOICE field setting in ASN1_item_ex_d2i(). The old code
3513 could not support the combine flag in choice fields.
3516 *) Add a 'copy_extensions' option to the 'ca' utility. This copies
3517 extensions from a certificate request to the certificate.
3520 *) Allow multiple 'certopt' and 'nameopt' options to be separated
3521 by commas. Add 'namopt' and 'certopt' options to the 'ca' config
3522 file: this allows the display of the certificate about to be
3523 signed to be customised, to allow certain fields to be included
3524 or excluded and extension details. The old system didn't display
3525 multicharacter strings properly, omitted fields not in the policy
3526 and couldn't display additional details such as extensions.
3529 *) Function EC_POINTs_mul for multiple scalar multiplication
3530 of an arbitrary number of elliptic curve points
3531 \sum scalars[i]*points[i],
3532 optionally including the generator defined for the EC_GROUP:
3533 scalar*generator + \sum scalars[i]*points[i].
3535 EC_POINT_mul is a simple wrapper function for the typical case
3536 that the point list has just one item (besides the optional
3540 *) First EC_METHODs for curves over GF(p):
3542 EC_GFp_simple_method() uses the basic BN_mod_mul and BN_mod_sqr
3543 operations and provides various method functions that can also
3544 operate with faster implementations of modular arithmetic.
3546 EC_GFp_mont_method() reuses most functions that are part of
3547 EC_GFp_simple_method, but uses Montgomery arithmetic.
3549 [Bodo Moeller; point addition and point doubling
3550 implementation directly derived from source code provided by
3551 Lenka Fibikova <fibikova@exp-math.uni-essen.de>]
3553 *) Framework for elliptic curves (crypto/ec/ec.h, crypto/ec/ec_lcl.h,
3554 crypto/ec/ec_lib.c):
3556 Curves are EC_GROUP objects (with an optional group generator)
3557 based on EC_METHODs that are built into the library.
3559 Points are EC_POINT objects based on EC_GROUP objects.
3561 Most of the framework would be able to handle curves over arbitrary
3562 finite fields, but as there are no obvious types for fields other
3563 than GF(p), some functions are limited to that for now.
3566 *) Add the -HTTP option to s_server. It is similar to -WWW, but requires
3567 that the file contains a complete HTTP response.
3570 *) Add the ec directory to mkdef.pl and mkfiles.pl. In mkdef.pl
3571 change the def and num file printf format specifier from "%-40sXXX"
3572 to "%-39s XXX". The latter will always guarantee a space after the
3573 field while the former will cause them to run together if the field
3574 is 40 of more characters long.
3577 *) Constify the cipher and digest 'method' functions and structures
3578 and modify related functions to take constant EVP_MD and EVP_CIPHER
3582 *) Hide BN_CTX structure details in bn_lcl.h instead of publishing them
3583 in <openssl/bn.h>. Also further increase BN_CTX_NUM to 32.
3586 *) Modify EVP_Digest*() routines so they now return values. Although the
3587 internal software routines can never fail additional hardware versions
3591 *) Clean up crypto/err/err.h and change some error codes to avoid conflicts:
3593 Previously ERR_R_FATAL was too small and coincided with ERR_LIB_PKCS7
3594 (= ERR_R_PKCS7_LIB); it is now 64 instead of 32.
3597 ERR_R_NESTED_ASN1_ERROR
3599 ERR_R_MISSING_ASN1_EOS
3600 were 4 .. 9, conflicting with
3601 ERR_LIB_RSA (= ERR_R_RSA_LIB)
3603 ERR_LIB_PEM (= ERR_R_PEM_LIB).
3604 They are now 58 .. 63 (i.e., just below ERR_R_FATAL).
3606 Add new error code 'ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR'.
3609 *) Don't overuse locks in crypto/err/err.c: For data retrieval, CRYPTO_r_lock
3613 *) New option '-subj arg' for 'openssl req' and 'openssl ca'. This
3614 sets the subject name for a new request or supersedes the
3615 subject name in a given request. Formats that can be parsed are
3616 'CN=Some Name, OU=myOU, C=IT'
3618 'CN=Some Name/OU=myOU/C=IT'.
3620 Add options '-batch' and '-verbose' to 'openssl req'.
3621 [Massimiliano Pala <madwolf@hackmasters.net>]
3623 *) Introduce the possibility to access global variables through
3624 functions on platform were that's the best way to handle exporting
3625 global variables in shared libraries. To enable this functionality,
3626 one must configure with "EXPORT_VAR_AS_FN" or defined the C macro
3627 "OPENSSL_EXPORT_VAR_AS_FUNCTION" in crypto/opensslconf.h (the latter
3628 is normally done by Configure or something similar).
3630 To implement a global variable, use the macro OPENSSL_IMPLEMENT_GLOBAL
3631 in the source file (foo.c) like this:
3633 OPENSSL_IMPLEMENT_GLOBAL(int,foo)=1;
3634 OPENSSL_IMPLEMENT_GLOBAL(double,bar);
3636 To declare a global variable, use the macros OPENSSL_DECLARE_GLOBAL
3637 and OPENSSL_GLOBAL_REF in the header file (foo.h) like this:
3639 OPENSSL_DECLARE_GLOBAL(int,foo);
3640 #define foo OPENSSL_GLOBAL_REF(foo)
3641 OPENSSL_DECLARE_GLOBAL(double,bar);
3642 #define bar OPENSSL_GLOBAL_REF(bar)
3644 The #defines are very important, and therefore so is including the
3645 header file everywhere where the defined globals are used.
3647 The macro OPENSSL_EXPORT_VAR_AS_FUNCTION also affects the definition
3648 of ASN.1 items, but that structure is a bit different.
3650 The largest change is in util/mkdef.pl which has been enhanced with
3651 better and easier to understand logic to choose which symbols should
3652 go into the Windows .def files as well as a number of fixes and code
3653 cleanup (among others, algorithm keywords are now sorted
3654 lexicographically to avoid constant rewrites).
3657 *) In BN_div() keep a copy of the sign of 'num' before writing the
3658 result to 'rm' because if rm==num the value will be overwritten
3659 and produce the wrong result if 'num' is negative: this caused
3660 problems with BN_mod() and BN_nnmod().
3663 *) Function OCSP_request_verify(). This checks the signature on an
3664 OCSP request and verifies the signer certificate. The signer
3665 certificate is just checked for a generic purpose and OCSP request
3669 *) Add OCSP_check_validity() function to check the validity of OCSP
3670 responses. OCSP responses are prepared in real time and may only
3671 be a few seconds old. Simply checking that the current time lies
3672 between thisUpdate and nextUpdate max reject otherwise valid responses
3673 caused by either OCSP responder or client clock inaccuracy. Instead
3674 we allow thisUpdate and nextUpdate to fall within a certain period of
3675 the current time. The age of the response can also optionally be
3676 checked. Two new options -validity_period and -status_age added to
3680 *) If signature or public key algorithm is unrecognized print out its
3681 OID rather that just UNKNOWN.
3684 *) Change OCSP_cert_to_id() to tolerate a NULL subject certificate and
3685 OCSP_cert_id_new() a NULL serialNumber. This allows a partial certificate
3686 ID to be generated from the issuer certificate alone which can then be
3687 passed to OCSP_id_issuer_cmp().
3690 *) New compilation option ASN1_ITEM_FUNCTIONS. This causes the new
3691 ASN1 modules to export functions returning ASN1_ITEM pointers
3692 instead of the ASN1_ITEM structures themselves. This adds several
3693 new macros which allow the underlying ASN1 function/structure to
3694 be accessed transparently. As a result code should not use ASN1_ITEM
3695 references directly (such as &X509_it) but instead use the relevant
3696 macros (such as ASN1_ITEM_rptr(X509)). This option is to allow
3697 use of the new ASN1 code on platforms where exporting structures
3698 is problematical (for example in shared libraries) but exporting
3699 functions returning pointers to structures is not.
3702 *) Add support for overriding the generation of SSL/TLS session IDs.
3703 These callbacks can be registered either in an SSL_CTX or per SSL.
3704 The purpose of this is to allow applications to control, if they wish,
3705 the arbitrary values chosen for use as session IDs, particularly as it
3706 can be useful for session caching in multiple-server environments. A
3707 command-line switch for testing this (and any client code that wishes
3708 to use such a feature) has been added to "s_server".
3709 [Geoff Thorpe, Lutz Jaenicke]
3711 *) Modify mkdef.pl to recognise and parse preprocessor conditionals
3712 of the form '#if defined(...) || defined(...) || ...' and
3713 '#if !defined(...) && !defined(...) && ...'. This also avoids
3714 the growing number of special cases it was previously handling.
3717 *) Make all configuration macros available for application by making
3718 sure they are available in opensslconf.h, by giving them names starting
3719 with "OPENSSL_" to avoid conflicts with other packages and by making
3720 sure e_os2.h will cover all platform-specific cases together with
3722 Additionally, it is now possible to define configuration/platform-
3723 specific names (called "system identities"). In the C code, these
3724 are prefixed with "OPENSSL_SYSNAME_". e_os2.h will create another
3725 macro with the name beginning with "OPENSSL_SYS_", which is determined
3726 from "OPENSSL_SYSNAME_*" or compiler-specific macros depending on
3730 *) New option -set_serial to 'req' and 'x509' this allows the serial
3731 number to use to be specified on the command line. Previously self
3732 signed certificates were hard coded with serial number 0 and the
3733 CA options of 'x509' had to use a serial number in a file which was
3737 *) New options to 'ca' utility to support V2 CRL entry extensions.
3738 Currently CRL reason, invalidity date and hold instruction are
3739 supported. Add new CRL extensions to V3 code and some new objects.
3742 *) New function EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding() this is used to
3743 disable standard block padding (aka PKCS#5 padding) in the EVP
3744 API, which was previously mandatory. This means that the data is
3745 not padded in any way and so the total length much be a multiple
3746 of the block size, otherwise an error occurs.
3749 *) Initial (incomplete) OCSP SSL support.
3752 *) New function OCSP_parse_url(). This splits up a URL into its host,
3753 port and path components: primarily to parse OCSP URLs. New -url
3754 option to ocsp utility.
3757 *) New nonce behavior. The return value of OCSP_check_nonce() now
3758 reflects the various checks performed. Applications can decide
3759 whether to tolerate certain situations such as an absent nonce
3760 in a response when one was present in a request: the ocsp application
3761 just prints out a warning. New function OCSP_add1_basic_nonce()
3762 this is to allow responders to include a nonce in a response even if
3763 the request is nonce-less.
3766 *) Disable stdin buffering in load_cert (apps/apps.c) so that no certs are
3767 skipped when using openssl x509 multiple times on a single input file,
3768 e.g. "(openssl x509 -out cert1; openssl x509 -out cert2) <certs".
3771 *) Make ASN1_UTCTIME_set_string() and ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME_set_string()
3772 set string type: to handle setting ASN1_TIME structures. Fix ca
3773 utility to correctly initialize revocation date of CRLs.
3776 *) New option SSL_OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE allows the server to override
3777 the clients preferred ciphersuites and rather use its own preferences.
3778 Should help to work around M$ SGC (Server Gated Cryptography) bug in
3779 Internet Explorer by ensuring unchanged hash method during stepup.
3780 (Also replaces the broken/deactivated SSL_OP_NON_EXPORT_FIRST option.)
3783 *) Make mkdef.pl recognise all DECLARE_ASN1 macros, change rijndael
3784 to aes and add a new 'exist' option to print out symbols that don't
3788 *) Additional options to ocsp utility to allow flags to be set and
3789 additional certificates supplied.
3792 *) Add the option -VAfile to 'openssl ocsp', so the user can give the
3793 OCSP client a number of certificate to only verify the response
3797 *) Update Rijndael code to version 3.0 and change EVP AES ciphers to
3798 handle the new API. Currently only ECB, CBC modes supported. Add new
3801 Add TLS AES ciphersuites as described in RFC3268, "Advanced
3802 Encryption Standard (AES) Ciphersuites for Transport Layer
3803 Security (TLS)". (In beta versions of OpenSSL 0.9.7, these were
3804 not enabled by default and were not part of the "ALL" ciphersuite
3805 alias because they were not yet official; they could be
3806 explicitly requested by specifying the "AESdraft" ciphersuite
3807 group alias. In the final release of OpenSSL 0.9.7, the group
3808 alias is called "AES" and is part of "ALL".)
3809 [Ben Laurie, Steve Henson, Bodo Moeller]
3811 *) New function OCSP_copy_nonce() to copy nonce value (if present) from
3812 request to response.
3815 *) Functions for OCSP responders. OCSP_request_onereq_count(),
3816 OCSP_request_onereq_get0(), OCSP_onereq_get0_id() and OCSP_id_get0_info()
3817 extract information from a certificate request. OCSP_response_create()
3818 creates a response and optionally adds a basic response structure.
3819 OCSP_basic_add1_status() adds a complete single response to a basic
3820 response and returns the OCSP_SINGLERESP structure just added (to allow
3821 extensions to be included for example). OCSP_basic_add1_cert() adds a
3822 certificate to a basic response and OCSP_basic_sign() signs a basic
3823 response with various flags. New helper functions ASN1_TIME_check()
3824 (checks validity of ASN1_TIME structure) and ASN1_TIME_to_generalizedtime()
3825 (converts ASN1_TIME to GeneralizedTime).
3828 *) Various new functions. EVP_Digest() combines EVP_Digest{Init,Update,Final}()
3829 in a single operation. X509_get0_pubkey_bitstr() extracts the public_key
3830 structure from a certificate. X509_pubkey_digest() digests the public_key
3831 contents: this is used in various key identifiers.
3834 *) Make sk_sort() tolerate a NULL argument.
3835 [Steve Henson reported by Massimiliano Pala <madwolf@comune.modena.it>]
3837 *) New OCSP verify flag OCSP_TRUSTOTHER. When set the "other" certificates
3838 passed by the function are trusted implicitly. If any of them signed the
3839 response then it is assumed to be valid and is not verified.
3842 *) In PKCS7_set_type() initialise content_type in PKCS7_ENC_CONTENT
3843 to data. This was previously part of the PKCS7 ASN1 code. This
3844 was causing problems with OpenSSL created PKCS#12 and PKCS#7 structures.
3845 [Steve Henson, reported by Kenneth R. Robinette
3846 <support@securenetterm.com>]
3848 *) Add CRYPTO_push_info() and CRYPTO_pop_info() calls to new ASN1
3849 routines: without these tracing memory leaks is very painful.
3850 Fix leaks in PKCS12 and PKCS7 routines.
3853 *) Make X509_time_adj() cope with the new behaviour of ASN1_TIME_new().
3854 Previously it initialised the 'type' argument to V_ASN1_UTCTIME which
3855 effectively meant GeneralizedTime would never be used. Now it
3856 is initialised to -1 but X509_time_adj() now has to check the value
3857 and use ASN1_TIME_set() if the value is not V_ASN1_UTCTIME or
3858 V_ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME, without this it always uses GeneralizedTime.
3859 [Steve Henson, reported by Kenneth R. Robinette
3860 <support@securenetterm.com>]
3862 *) Fixes to BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER when bn is zero. This would previously
3863 result in a zero length in the ASN1_INTEGER structure which was
3864 not consistent with the structure when d2i_ASN1_INTEGER() was used
3865 and would cause ASN1_INTEGER_cmp() to fail. Enhance s2i_ASN1_INTEGER()
3866 to cope with hex and negative integers. Fix bug in i2a_ASN1_INTEGER()
3867 where it did not print out a minus for negative ASN1_INTEGER.
3870 *) Add summary printout to ocsp utility. The various functions which
3871 convert status values to strings have been renamed to:
3872 OCSP_response_status_str(), OCSP_cert_status_str() and
3873 OCSP_crl_reason_str() and are no longer static. New options
3874 to verify nonce values and to disable verification. OCSP response
3875 printout format cleaned up.
3878 *) Add additional OCSP certificate checks. These are those specified
3879 in RFC2560. This consists of two separate checks: the CA of the
3880 certificate being checked must either be the OCSP signer certificate
3881 or the issuer of the OCSP signer certificate. In the latter case the
3882 OCSP signer certificate must contain the OCSP signing extended key
3883 usage. This check is performed by attempting to match the OCSP
3884 signer or the OCSP signer CA to the issuerNameHash and issuerKeyHash
3885 in the OCSP_CERTID structures of the response.
3888 *) Initial OCSP certificate verification added to OCSP_basic_verify()
3889 and related routines. This uses the standard OpenSSL certificate
3890 verify routines to perform initial checks (just CA validity) and
3891 to obtain the certificate chain. Then additional checks will be
3892 performed on the chain. Currently the root CA is checked to see
3893 if it is explicitly trusted for OCSP signing. This is used to set
3894 a root CA as a global signing root: that is any certificate that
3895 chains to that CA is an acceptable OCSP signing certificate.
3898 *) New '-extfile ...' option to 'openssl ca' for reading X.509v3
3899 extensions from a separate configuration file.
3900 As when reading extensions from the main configuration file,
3901 the '-extensions ...' option may be used for specifying the
3903 [Massimiliano Pala <madwolf@comune.modena.it>]
3905 *) New OCSP utility. Allows OCSP requests to be generated or
3906 read. The request can be sent to a responder and the output
3907 parsed, outputed or printed in text form. Not complete yet:
3908 still needs to check the OCSP response validity.
3911 *) New subcommands for 'openssl ca':
3912 'openssl ca -status <serial>' prints the status of the cert with
3913 the given serial number (according to the index file).
3914 'openssl ca -updatedb' updates the expiry status of certificates
3916 [Massimiliano Pala <madwolf@comune.modena.it>]
3918 *) New '-newreq-nodes' command option to CA.pl. This is like
3919 '-newreq', but calls 'openssl req' with the '-nodes' option
3920 so that the resulting key is not encrypted.
3921 [Damien Miller <djm@mindrot.org>]
3923 *) New configuration for the GNU Hurd.
3924 [Jonathan Bartlett <johnnyb@wolfram.com> via Richard Levitte]
3926 *) Initial code to implement OCSP basic response verify. This
3927 is currently incomplete. Currently just finds the signer's
3928 certificate and verifies the signature on the response.
3931 *) New SSLeay_version code SSLEAY_DIR to determine the compiled-in
3932 value of OPENSSLDIR. This is available via the new '-d' option
3933 to 'openssl version', and is also included in 'openssl version -a'.
3936 *) Allowing defining memory allocation callbacks that will be given
3937 file name and line number information in additional arguments
3938 (a const char* and an int). The basic functionality remains, as
3939 well as the original possibility to just replace malloc(),
3940 realloc() and free() by functions that do not know about these
3941 additional arguments. To register and find out the current
3942 settings for extended allocation functions, the following
3943 functions are provided:
3945 CRYPTO_set_mem_ex_functions
3946 CRYPTO_set_locked_mem_ex_functions
3947 CRYPTO_get_mem_ex_functions
3948 CRYPTO_get_locked_mem_ex_functions
3950 These work the same way as CRYPTO_set_mem_functions and friends.
3951 CRYPTO_get_[locked_]mem_functions now writes 0 where such an
3952 extended allocation function is enabled.
3953 Similarly, CRYPTO_get_[locked_]mem_ex_functions writes 0 where
3954 a conventional allocation function is enabled.
3955 [Richard Levitte, Bodo Moeller]
3957 *) Finish off removing the remaining LHASH function pointer casts.
3958 There should no longer be any prototype-casting required when using
3959 the LHASH abstraction, and any casts that remain are "bugs". See
3960 the callback types and macros at the head of lhash.h for details
3961 (and "OBJ_cleanup" in crypto/objects/obj_dat.c as an example).
3964 *) Add automatic query of EGD sockets in RAND_poll() for the unix variant.
3965 If /dev/[u]random devices are not available or do not return enough
3966 entropy, EGD style sockets (served by EGD or PRNGD) will automatically
3968 The locations /var/run/egd-pool, /dev/egd-pool, /etc/egd-pool, and
3969 /etc/entropy will be queried once each in this sequence, quering stops
3970 when enough entropy was collected without querying more sockets.
3973 *) Change the Unix RAND_poll() variant to be able to poll several
3974 random devices, as specified by DEVRANDOM, until a sufficient amount
3975 of data has been collected. We spend at most 10 ms on each file
3976 (select timeout) and read in non-blocking mode. DEVRANDOM now
3977 defaults to the list "/dev/urandom", "/dev/random", "/dev/srandom"
3978 (previously it was just the string "/dev/urandom"), so on typical
3979 platforms the 10 ms delay will never occur.
3980 Also separate out the Unix variant to its own file, rand_unix.c.
3981 For VMS, there's a currently-empty rand_vms.c.
3984 *) Move OCSP client related routines to ocsp_cl.c. These
3985 provide utility functions which an application needing
3986 to issue a request to an OCSP responder and analyse the
3987 response will typically need: as opposed to those which an
3988 OCSP responder itself would need which will be added later.
3990 OCSP_request_sign() signs an OCSP request with an API similar
3991 to PKCS7_sign(). OCSP_response_status() returns status of OCSP
3992 response. OCSP_response_get1_basic() extracts basic response
3993 from response. OCSP_resp_find_status(): finds and extracts status
3994 information from an OCSP_CERTID structure (which will be created
3995 when the request structure is built). These are built from lower
3996 level functions which work on OCSP_SINGLERESP structures but
3997 wont normally be used unless the application wishes to examine
3998 extensions in the OCSP response for example.
4000 Replace nonce routines with a pair of functions.
4001 OCSP_request_add1_nonce() adds a nonce value and optionally
4002 generates a random value. OCSP_check_nonce() checks the
4003 validity of the nonce in an OCSP response.
4006 *) Change function OCSP_request_add() to OCSP_request_add0_id().
4007 This doesn't copy the supplied OCSP_CERTID and avoids the
4008 need to free up the newly created id. Change return type
4009 to OCSP_ONEREQ to return the internal OCSP_ONEREQ structure.
4010 This can then be used to add extensions to the request.
4011 Deleted OCSP_request_new(), since most of its functionality
4012 is now in OCSP_REQUEST_new() (and the case insensitive name
4013 clash) apart from the ability to set the request name which
4014 will be added elsewhere.
4017 *) Update OCSP API. Remove obsolete extensions argument from
4018 various functions. Extensions are now handled using the new
4019 OCSP extension code. New simple OCSP HTTP function which
4020 can be used to send requests and parse the response.
4023 *) Fix the PKCS#7 (S/MIME) code to work with new ASN1. Two new
4024 ASN1_ITEM structures help with sign and verify. PKCS7_ATTR_SIGN
4025 uses the special reorder version of SET OF to sort the attributes
4026 and reorder them to match the encoded order. This resolves a long
4027 standing problem: a verify on a PKCS7 structure just after signing
4028 it used to fail because the attribute order did not match the
4029 encoded order. PKCS7_ATTR_VERIFY does not reorder the attributes:
4030 it uses the received order. This is necessary to tolerate some broken
4031 software that does not order SET OF. This is handled by encoding
4032 as a SEQUENCE OF but using implicit tagging (with UNIVERSAL class)
4033 to produce the required SET OF.
4036 *) Have mk1mf.pl generate the macros OPENSSL_BUILD_SHLIBCRYPTO and
4037 OPENSSL_BUILD_SHLIBSSL and use them appropriately in the header
4038 files to get correct declarations of the ASN.1 item variables.
4041 *) Rewrite of PKCS#12 code to use new ASN1 functionality. Replace many
4042 PKCS#12 macros with real functions. Fix two unrelated ASN1 bugs:
4043 asn1_check_tlen() would sometimes attempt to use 'ctx' when it was
4044 NULL and ASN1_TYPE was not dereferenced properly in asn1_ex_c2i().
4045 New ASN1 macro: DECLARE_ASN1_ITEM() which just declares the relevant
4046 ASN1_ITEM and no wrapper functions.
4049 *) New functions or ASN1_item_d2i_fp() and ASN1_item_d2i_bio(). These
4050 replace the old function pointer based I/O routines. Change most of
4051 the *_d2i_bio() and *_d2i_fp() functions to use these.
4054 *) Enhance mkdef.pl to be more accepting about spacing in C preprocessor
4055 lines, recognice more "algorithms" that can be deselected, and make
4056 it complain about algorithm deselection that isn't recognised.
4059 *) New ASN1 functions to handle dup, sign, verify, digest, pack and
4060 unpack operations in terms of ASN1_ITEM. Modify existing wrappers
4061 to use new functions. Add NO_ASN1_OLD which can be set to remove
4062 some old style ASN1 functions: this can be used to determine if old
4063 code will still work when these eventually go away.
4066 *) New extension functions for OCSP structures, these follow the
4067 same conventions as certificates and CRLs.
4070 *) New function X509V3_add1_i2d(). This automatically encodes and
4071 adds an extension. Its behaviour can be customised with various
4072 flags to append, replace or delete. Various wrappers added for
4073 certifcates and CRLs.
4076 *) Fix to avoid calling the underlying ASN1 print routine when
4077 an extension cannot be parsed. Correct a typo in the
4078 OCSP_SERVICELOC extension. Tidy up print OCSP format.
4081 *) Make mkdef.pl parse some of the ASN1 macros and add apropriate
4082 entries for variables.
4085 *) Add functionality to apps/openssl.c for detecting locking
4086 problems: As the program is single-threaded, all we have
4087 to do is register a locking callback using an array for
4088 storing which locks are currently held by the program.
4091 *) Use a lock around the call to CRYPTO_get_ex_new_index() in
4092 SSL_get_ex_data_X509_STORE_idx(), which is used in
4093 ssl_verify_cert_chain() and thus can be called at any time
4094 during TLS/SSL handshakes so that thread-safety is essential.
4095 Unfortunately, the ex_data design is not at all suited
4096 for multi-threaded use, so it probably should be abolished.
4099 *) Added Broadcom "ubsec" ENGINE to OpenSSL.
4100 [Broadcom, tweaked and integrated by Geoff Thorpe]
4102 *) Move common extension printing code to new function
4103 X509V3_print_extensions(). Reorganise OCSP print routines and
4104 implement some needed OCSP ASN1 functions. Add OCSP extensions.
4107 *) New function X509_signature_print() to remove duplication in some
4111 *) Add a special meaning when SET OF and SEQUENCE OF flags are both
4112 set (this was treated exactly the same as SET OF previously). This
4113 is used to reorder the STACK representing the structure to match the
4114 encoding. This will be used to get round a problem where a PKCS7
4115 structure which was signed could not be verified because the STACK
4116 order did not reflect the encoded order.
4119 *) Reimplement the OCSP ASN1 module using the new code.
4122 *) Update the X509V3 code to permit the use of an ASN1_ITEM structure
4123 for its ASN1 operations. The old style function pointers still exist
4124 for now but they will eventually go away.
4127 *) Merge in replacement ASN1 code from the ASN1 branch. This almost
4128 completely replaces the old ASN1 functionality with a table driven
4129 encoder and decoder which interprets an ASN1_ITEM structure describing
4130 the ASN1 module. Compatibility with the existing ASN1 API (i2d,d2i) is
4131 largely maintained. Almost all of the old asn1_mac.h macro based ASN1
4132 has also been converted to the new form.
4135 *) Change BN_mod_exp_recp so that negative moduli are tolerated
4136 (the sign is ignored). Similarly, ignore the sign in BN_MONT_CTX_set
4137 so that BN_mod_exp_mont and BN_mod_exp_mont_word work
4138 for negative moduli.
4141 *) Fix BN_uadd and BN_usub: Always return non-negative results instead
4142 of not touching the result's sign bit.
4145 *) BN_div bugfix: If the result is 0, the sign (res->neg) must not be
4149 *) Changed the LHASH code to use prototypes for callbacks, and created
4150 macros to declare and implement thin (optionally static) functions
4151 that provide type-safety and avoid function pointer casting for the
4152 type-specific callbacks.
4155 *) Added Kerberos Cipher Suites to be used with TLS, as written in
4157 [Veers Staats <staatsvr@asc.hpc.mil>,
4158 Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>, via Richard Levitte]
4160 *) Reformat the FAQ so the different questions and answers can be divided
4161 in sections depending on the subject.
4164 *) Have the zlib compression code load ZLIB.DLL dynamically under
4168 *) New function BN_mod_sqrt for computing square roots modulo a prime
4169 (using the probabilistic Tonelli-Shanks algorithm unless
4170 p == 3 (mod 4) or p == 5 (mod 8), which are cases that can
4171 be handled deterministically).
4172 [Lenka Fibikova <fibikova@exp-math.uni-essen.de>, Bodo Moeller]
4174 *) Make BN_mod_inverse faster by explicitly handling small quotients
4175 in the Euclid loop. (Speed gain about 20% for small moduli [256 or
4176 512 bits], about 30% for larger ones [1024 or 2048 bits].)
4179 *) New function BN_kronecker.
4182 *) Fix BN_gcd so that it works on negative inputs; the result is
4183 positive unless both parameters are zero.
4184 Previously something reasonably close to an infinite loop was
4185 possible because numbers could be growing instead of shrinking
4186 in the implementation of Euclid's algorithm.
4189 *) Fix BN_is_word() and BN_is_one() macros to take into account the
4190 sign of the number in question.
4192 Fix BN_is_word(a,w) to work correctly for w == 0.
4194 The old BN_is_word(a,w) macro is now called BN_abs_is_word(a,w)
4195 because its test if the absolute value of 'a' equals 'w'.
4196 Note that BN_abs_is_word does *not* handle w == 0 reliably;
4197 it exists mostly for use in the implementations of BN_is_zero(),
4198 BN_is_one(), and BN_is_word().
4201 *) New function BN_swap.
4204 *) Use BN_nnmod instead of BN_mod in crypto/bn/bn_exp.c so that
4205 the exponentiation functions are more likely to produce reasonable
4206 results on negative inputs.