Fix issue where OBJ_nid2obj doesn't always raise an error

Fix issue where OBJ_nid2obj doesn't always raise an error

This was previously fixed in 3.0 but not 1.1.

Fixes #13008.

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Todd Short <todd.short@me.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Dale <pauli@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/17808)