EVP: Add EVP_<TYPE>_description()

EVP: Add EVP_<TYPE>_description()

The following operation types are covered:

EVP_MD, EVP_CIPHER, EVP_MAC, EVP_RAND, EVP_KEYMGMT, EVP_SIGNATURE,
EVP_ASYM_CIPHER, EVP_KEM, EVP_KEYEXCH, EVP_KDF.  Also EVP_PKEY.

For EVP_MD and EVP_CIPHER, OBJ_nid2ln() is used as a fallback for
legacy implementations.

For EVP_PKEY, the info field of the EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD is used as a
fallback for legacy implementations.

Fixes #14514

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/14656)