Fix pkeyutl/rsautl empty encrypt-input/decrypt-output handling
[openssl.git] / apps / apps.c
index 83c06bb65a98b203af8830c2d578f70f26c9e42b..7a4608f75cc528c0f3dd6ad1b8f121d465f8a872 100644 (file)
@@ -1,25 +1,24 @@
-/* apps/apps.c */
 /* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This package is an SSL implementation written
  * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
  * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
- * 
+ *
  * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
  * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
  * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
  * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
  * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
  * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
- * 
+ *
  * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
  * the code are not to be removed.
  * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
  * as the author of the parts of the library used.
  * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
  * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
- * 
+ *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  * are met:
  *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
  *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
  *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
- * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from 
+ * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from
  *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
  *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
- * 
+ *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@
  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  * SUCH DAMAGE.
- * 
+ *
  * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
  * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
  * copied and put under another distribution licence
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@
  * are met:
  *
  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  *
  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
  */
 
 #if !defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) && defined(OPENSSL_SYS_VMS)
-#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 2      /* On VMS, you need to define this to get
-                                  the declaration of fileno().  The value
-                                  2 is to make sure no function defined
-                                  in POSIX-2 is left undefined. */
+/*
+ * On VMS, you need to define this to get the declaration of fileno().  The
+ * value 2 is to make sure no function defined in POSIX-2 is left undefined.
+ */
+# define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 2
 #endif
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_SYSNAME_WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE_CLIB)
-#include <strings.h>
+#ifndef NO_SYS_TYPES_H
+# include <sys/types.h>
+#endif
+#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_POSIX_IO
+# include <sys/stat.h>
+# include <fcntl.h>
 #endif
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <openssl/err.h>
 #include <openssl/x509.h>
 #include <openssl/x509v3.h>
 #include <openssl/ui.h>
 #include <openssl/safestack.h>
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
-#include <openssl/engine.h>
+# include <openssl/engine.h>
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
-#include <openssl/rsa.h>
+# include <openssl/rsa.h>
 #endif
 #include <openssl/bn.h>
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_JPAKE
-#include <openssl/jpake.h>
+# include <openssl/jpake.h>
 #endif
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
 
-#define NON_MAIN
 #include "apps.h"
-#undef NON_MAIN
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 static int WIN32_rename(const char *from, const char *to);
-#define rename(from,to) WIN32_rename((from),(to))
+# define rename(from,to) WIN32_rename((from),(to))
 #endif
 
 typedef struct {
-       const char *name;
-       unsigned long flag;
-       unsigned long mask;
+    const char *name;
+    unsigned long flag;
+    unsigned long mask;
 } NAME_EX_TBL;
 
 static UI_METHOD *ui_method = NULL;
 
-static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
-static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
-
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
-/* Looks like this stuff is worth moving into separate function */
-static EVP_PKEY *
-load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
-               const char *key_descrip, int format);
-#endif
+static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
+                          const NAME_EX_TBL * in_tbl);
+static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
+                          const NAME_EX_TBL * in_tbl);
 
 int app_init(long mesgwin);
-#ifdef undef /* never finished - probably never will be :-) */
-int args_from_file(char *file, int *argc, char **argv[])
-       {
-       FILE *fp;
-       int num,i;
-       unsigned int len;
-       static char *buf=NULL;
-       static char **arg=NULL;
-       char *p;
-
-       fp=fopen(file,"r");
-       if (fp == NULL)
-               return(0);
-
-       if (fseek(fp,0,SEEK_END)==0)
-               len=ftell(fp), rewind(fp);
-       else    len=-1;
-       if (len<=0)
-               {
-               fclose(fp);
-               return(0);
-               }
-
-       *argc=0;
-       *argv=NULL;
-
-       if (buf != NULL) OPENSSL_free(buf);
-       buf=(char *)OPENSSL_malloc(len+1);
-       if (buf == NULL) return(0);
-
-       len=fread(buf,1,len,fp);
-       if (len <= 1) return(0);
-       buf[len]='\0';
-
-       i=0;
-       for (p=buf; *p; p++)
-               if (*p == '\n') i++;
-       if (arg != NULL) OPENSSL_free(arg);
-       arg=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*(i*2));
-
-       *argv=arg;
-       num=0;
-       p=buf;
-       for (;;)
-               {
-               if (!*p) break;
-               if (*p == '#') /* comment line */
-                       {
-                       while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
-                       continue;
-                       }
-               /* else we have a line */
-               *(arg++)=p;
-               num++;
-               while (*p && ((*p != ' ') && (*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
-                       p++;
-               if (!*p) break;
-               if (*p == '\n')
-                       {
-                       *(p++)='\0';
-                       continue;
-                       }
-               /* else it is a tab or space */
-               p++;
-               while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
-                       p++;
-               if (!*p) break;
-               if (*p == '\n')
-                       {
-                       p++;
-                       continue;
-                       }
-               *(arg++)=p++;
-               num++;
-               while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
-               if (!*p) break;
-               /* else *p == '\n' */
-               *(p++)='\0';
-               }
-       *argc=num;
-       return(1);
-       }
-#endif
-
-int str2fmt(char *s)
-       {
-       if (s == NULL)
-               return FORMAT_UNDEF;
-       if      ((*s == 'D') || (*s == 'd'))
-               return(FORMAT_ASN1);
-       else if ((*s == 'T') || (*s == 't'))
-               return(FORMAT_TEXT);
-       else if ((*s == 'N') || (*s == 'n'))
-               return(FORMAT_NETSCAPE);
-       else if ((*s == 'S') || (*s == 's'))
-               return(FORMAT_SMIME);
-       else if ((*s == 'M') || (*s == 'm'))
-               return(FORMAT_MSBLOB);
-       else if ((*s == '1')
-               || (strcmp(s,"PKCS12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"pkcs12") == 0)
-               || (strcmp(s,"P12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"p12") == 0))
-               return(FORMAT_PKCS12);
-       else if ((*s == 'E') || (*s == 'e'))
-               return(FORMAT_ENGINE);
-       else if ((*s == 'P') || (*s == 'p'))
-               {
-               if (s[1] == 'V' || s[1] == 'v')
-                       return FORMAT_PVK;
-               else
-                       return(FORMAT_PEM);
-               }
-       else
-               return(FORMAT_UNDEF);
-       }
-
-#if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_MSDOS) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN32) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN16) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
-void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
-       {
-       int i,n;
-       char *p=NULL;
-
-       n=strlen(in);
-       /* find the last '/', '\' or ':' */
-       for (i=n-1; i>0; i--)
-               {
-               if ((in[i] == '/') || (in[i] == '\\') || (in[i] == ':'))
-                       {
-                       p= &(in[i+1]);
-                       break;
-                       }
-               }
-       if (p == NULL)
-               p=in;
-       n=strlen(p);
-
-#if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
-   /* strip off trailing .nlm if present. */
-   if ((n > 4) && (p[n-4] == '.') &&
-      ((p[n-3] == 'n') || (p[n-3] == 'N')) &&
-      ((p[n-2] == 'l') || (p[n-2] == 'L')) &&
-      ((p[n-1] == 'm') || (p[n-1] == 'M')))
-      n-=4;
-#else
-       /* strip off trailing .exe if present. */
-       if ((n > 4) && (p[n-4] == '.') &&
-               ((p[n-3] == 'e') || (p[n-3] == 'E')) &&
-               ((p[n-2] == 'x') || (p[n-2] == 'X')) &&
-               ((p[n-1] == 'e') || (p[n-1] == 'E')))
-               n-=4;
-#endif
 
-       if (n > size-1)
-               n=size-1;
-
-       for (i=0; i<n; i++)
-               {
-               if ((p[i] >= 'A') && (p[i] <= 'Z'))
-                       out[i]=p[i]-'A'+'a';
-               else
-                       out[i]=p[i];
-               }
-       out[n]='\0';
-       }
-#else
-#ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
-       {
-       char *p=in, *q;
-       char *chars=":]>";
-
-       while(*chars != '\0')
-               {
-               q=strrchr(p,*chars);
-               if (q > p)
-                       p = q + 1;
-               chars++;
-               }
-
-       q=strrchr(p,'.');
-       if (q == NULL)
-               q = p + strlen(p);
-       strncpy(out,p,size-1);
-       if (q-p >= size)
-               {
-               out[size-1]='\0';
-               }
-       else
-               {
-               out[q-p]='\0';
-               }
-       }
-#else
-void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
-       {
-       char *p;
-
-       p=strrchr(in,'/');
-       if (p != NULL)
-               p++;
-       else
-               p=in;
-       BUF_strlcpy(out,p,size);
-       }
-#endif
-#endif
-
-int chopup_args(ARGS *arg, char *buf, int *argc, char **argv[])
-       {
-       int num,i;
-       char *p;
-
-       *argc=0;
-       *argv=NULL;
-
-       i=0;
-       if (arg->count == 0)
-               {
-               arg->count=20;
-               arg->data=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*arg->count);
-               }
-       for (i=0; i<arg->count; i++)
-               arg->data[i]=NULL;
-
-       num=0;
-       p=buf;
-       for (;;)
-               {
-               /* first scan over white space */
-               if (!*p) break;
-               while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
-                       p++;
-               if (!*p) break;
-
-               /* The start of something good :-) */
-               if (num >= arg->count)
-                       {
-                       char **tmp_p;
-                       int tlen = arg->count + 20;
-                       tmp_p = (char **)OPENSSL_realloc(arg->data,
-                               sizeof(char *)*tlen);
-                       if (tmp_p == NULL)
-                               return 0;
-                       arg->data  = tmp_p;
-                       arg->count = tlen;
-                       /* initialize newly allocated data */
-                       for (i = num; i < arg->count; i++)
-                               arg->data[i] = NULL;
-                       }
-               arg->data[num++]=p;
-
-               /* now look for the end of this */
-               if ((*p == '\'') || (*p == '\"')) /* scan for closing quote */
-                       {
-                       i= *(p++);
-                       arg->data[num-1]++; /* jump over quote */
-                       while (*p && (*p != i))
-                               p++;
-                       *p='\0';
-                       }
-               else
-                       {
-                       while (*p && ((*p != ' ') &&
-                               (*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
-                               p++;
-
-                       if (*p == '\0')
-                               p--;
-                       else
-                               *p='\0';
-                       }
-               p++;
-               }
-       *argc=num;
-       *argv=arg->data;
-       return(1);
-       }
+int chopup_args(ARGS *arg, char *buf)
+{
+    int quoted;
+    char c = '\0', *p = NULL;
+
+    arg->argc = 0;
+    if (arg->size == 0) {
+        arg->size = 20;
+        arg->argv = app_malloc(sizeof(*arg->argv) * arg->size, "argv space");
+        if (arg->argv == NULL)
+            return 0;
+    }
+
+    for (p = buf;;) {
+        /* Skip whitespace. */
+        while (*p && isspace(*p))
+            p++;
+        if (!*p)
+            break;
+
+        /* The start of something good :-) */
+        if (arg->argc >= arg->size) {
+            arg->size += 20;
+            arg->argv = OPENSSL_realloc(arg->argv,
+                                        sizeof(*arg->argv) * arg->size);
+            if (arg->argv == NULL)
+                return 0;
+        }
+        quoted = *p == '\'' || *p == '"';
+        if (quoted)
+            c = *p++;
+        arg->argv[arg->argc++] = p;
+
+        /* now look for the end of this */
+        if (quoted) {
+            while (*p && *p != c)
+                p++;
+            *p++ = '\0';
+        } else {
+            while (*p && !isspace(*p))
+                p++;
+            if (*p)
+                *p++ = '\0';
+        }
+    }
+    arg->argv[arg->argc] = NULL;
+    return (1);
+}
 
 #ifndef APP_INIT
 int app_init(long mesgwin)
-       {
-       return(1);
-       }
+{
+    return (1);
+}
 #endif
 
+int ctx_set_verify_locations(SSL_CTX *ctx, const char *CAfile,
+                             const char *CApath, int noCAfile, int noCApath)
+{
+    if (CAfile == NULL && CApath == NULL) {
+        if (!noCAfile && SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_file(ctx) <= 0)
+            return 0;
+        if (!noCApath && SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_dir(ctx) <= 0)
+            return 0;
+
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(ctx, CAfile, CApath);
+}
 
-int dump_cert_text (BIO *out, X509 *x)
+int dump_cert_text(BIO *out, X509 *x)
 {
-       char *p;
+    char *p;
 
-       p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x),NULL,0);
-       BIO_puts(out,"subject=");
-       BIO_puts(out,p);
-       OPENSSL_free(p);
+    p = X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x), NULL, 0);
+    BIO_puts(out, "subject=");
+    BIO_puts(out, p);
+    OPENSSL_free(p);
 
-       p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x),NULL,0);
-       BIO_puts(out,"\nissuer=");
-       BIO_puts(out,p);
-       BIO_puts(out,"\n");
-       OPENSSL_free(p);
+    p = X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x), NULL, 0);
+    BIO_puts(out, "\nissuer=");
+    BIO_puts(out, p);
+    BIO_puts(out, "\n");
+    OPENSSL_free(p);
 
-       return 0;
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static int ui_open(UI *ui)
-       {
-       return UI_method_get_opener(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
-       }
+{
+    return UI_method_get_opener(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
+}
+
 static int ui_read(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
-       {
-       if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
-               && UI_get0_user_data(ui))
-               {
-               switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
-                       {
-               case UIT_PROMPT:
-               case UIT_VERIFY:
-                       {
-                       const char *password =
-                               ((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
-                       if (password && password[0] != '\0')
-                               {
-                               UI_set_result(ui, uis, password);
-                               return 1;
-                               }
-                       }
-               default:
-                       break;
-                       }
-               }
-       return UI_method_get_reader(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
-       }
+{
+    if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
+        && UI_get0_user_data(ui)) {
+        switch (UI_get_string_type(uis)) {
+        case UIT_PROMPT:
+        case UIT_VERIFY:
+            {
+                const char *password =
+                    ((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
+                if (password && password[0] != '\0') {
+                    UI_set_result(ui, uis, password);
+                    return 1;
+                }
+            }
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return UI_method_get_reader(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
+}
+
 static int ui_write(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
-       {
-       if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
-               && UI_get0_user_data(ui))
-               {
-               switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
-                       {
-               case UIT_PROMPT:
-               case UIT_VERIFY:
-                       {
-                       const char *password =
-                               ((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
-                       if (password && password[0] != '\0')
-                               return 1;
-                       }
-               default:
-                       break;
-                       }
-               }
-       return UI_method_get_writer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
-       }
+{
+    if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
+        && UI_get0_user_data(ui)) {
+        switch (UI_get_string_type(uis)) {
+        case UIT_PROMPT:
+        case UIT_VERIFY:
+            {
+                const char *password =
+                    ((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
+                if (password && password[0] != '\0')
+                    return 1;
+            }
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return UI_method_get_writer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
+}
+
 static int ui_close(UI *ui)
-       {
-       return UI_method_get_closer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
-       }
+{
+    return UI_method_get_closer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
+}
+
 int setup_ui_method(void)
-       {
-       ui_method = UI_create_method("OpenSSL application user interface");
-       UI_method_set_opener(ui_method, ui_open);
-       UI_method_set_reader(ui_method, ui_read);
-       UI_method_set_writer(ui_method, ui_write);
-       UI_method_set_closer(ui_method, ui_close);
-       return 0;
-       }
+{
+    ui_method = UI_create_method("OpenSSL application user interface");
+    UI_method_set_opener(ui_method, ui_open);
+    UI_method_set_reader(ui_method, ui_read);
+    UI_method_set_writer(ui_method, ui_write);
+    UI_method_set_closer(ui_method, ui_close);
+    return 0;
+}
+
 void destroy_ui_method(void)
-       {
-       if(ui_method)
-               {
-               UI_destroy_method(ui_method);
-               ui_method = NULL;
-               }
-       }
-int password_callback(char *buf, int bufsiz, int verify,
-       PW_CB_DATA *cb_tmp)
-       {
-       UI *ui = NULL;
-       int res = 0;
-       const char *prompt_info = NULL;
-       const char *password = NULL;
-       PW_CB_DATA *cb_data = (PW_CB_DATA *)cb_tmp;
-
-       if (cb_data)
-               {
-               if (cb_data->password)
-                       password = cb_data->password;
-               if (cb_data->prompt_info)
-                       prompt_info = cb_data->prompt_info;
-               }
-
-       if (password)
-               {
-               res = strlen(password);
-               if (res > bufsiz)
-                       res = bufsiz;
-               memcpy(buf, password, res);
-               return res;
-               }
-
-       ui = UI_new_method(ui_method);
-       if (ui)
-               {
-               int ok = 0;
-               char *buff = NULL;
-               int ui_flags = 0;
-               char *prompt = NULL;
-
-               prompt = UI_construct_prompt(ui, "pass phrase",
-                       prompt_info);
-
-               ui_flags |= UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD;
-               UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_PRINT_ERRORS, 1, 0, 0);
-
-               if (ok >= 0)
-                       ok = UI_add_input_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buf,
-                               PW_MIN_LENGTH,BUFSIZ-1);
-               if (ok >= 0 && verify)
-                       {
-                       buff = (char *)OPENSSL_malloc(bufsiz);
-                       ok = UI_add_verify_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buff,
-                               PW_MIN_LENGTH,BUFSIZ-1, buf);
-                       }
-               if (ok >= 0)
-                       do
-                               {
-                               ok = UI_process(ui);
-                               }
-                       while (ok < 0 && UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_IS_REDOABLE, 0, 0, 0));
-
-               if (buff)
-                       {
-                       OPENSSL_cleanse(buff,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
-                       OPENSSL_free(buff);
-                       }
-
-               if (ok >= 0)
-                       res = strlen(buf);
-               if (ok == -1)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err, "User interface error\n");
-                       ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-                       OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
-                       res = 0;
-                       }
-               if (ok == -2)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,"aborted!\n");
-                       OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
-                       res = 0;
-                       }
-               UI_free(ui);
-               OPENSSL_free(prompt);
-               }
-       return res;
-       }
-
-static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio);
-
-int app_passwd(BIO *err, char *arg1, char *arg2, char **pass1, char **pass2)
-{
-       int same;
-       if(!arg2 || !arg1 || strcmp(arg1, arg2)) same = 0;
-       else same = 1;
-       if(arg1) {
-               *pass1 = app_get_pass(err, arg1, same);
-               if(!*pass1) return 0;
-       } else if(pass1) *pass1 = NULL;
-       if(arg2) {
-               *pass2 = app_get_pass(err, arg2, same ? 2 : 0);
-               if(!*pass2) return 0;
-       } else if(pass2) *pass2 = NULL;
-       return 1;
+{
+    if (ui_method) {
+        UI_destroy_method(ui_method);
+        ui_method = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+int password_callback(char *buf, int bufsiz, int verify, PW_CB_DATA *cb_tmp)
+{
+    UI *ui = NULL;
+    int res = 0;
+    const char *prompt_info = NULL;
+    const char *password = NULL;
+    PW_CB_DATA *cb_data = (PW_CB_DATA *)cb_tmp;
+
+    if (cb_data) {
+        if (cb_data->password)
+            password = cb_data->password;
+        if (cb_data->prompt_info)
+            prompt_info = cb_data->prompt_info;
+    }
+
+    if (password) {
+        res = strlen(password);
+        if (res > bufsiz)
+            res = bufsiz;
+        memcpy(buf, password, res);
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    ui = UI_new_method(ui_method);
+    if (ui) {
+        int ok = 0;
+        char *buff = NULL;
+        int ui_flags = 0;
+        char *prompt;
+
+        prompt = UI_construct_prompt(ui, "pass phrase", prompt_info);
+        if (!prompt) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "Out of memory\n");
+            UI_free(ui);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        ui_flags |= UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD;
+        UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_PRINT_ERRORS, 1, 0, 0);
+
+        if (ok >= 0)
+            ok = UI_add_input_string(ui, prompt, ui_flags, buf,
+                                     PW_MIN_LENGTH, bufsiz - 1);
+        if (ok >= 0 && verify) {
+            buff = app_malloc(bufsiz, "password buffer");
+            ok = UI_add_verify_string(ui, prompt, ui_flags, buff,
+                                      PW_MIN_LENGTH, bufsiz - 1, buf);
+        }
+        if (ok >= 0)
+            do {
+                ok = UI_process(ui);
+            }
+            while (ok < 0 && UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_IS_REDOABLE, 0, 0, 0));
+
+        OPENSSL_clear_free(buff, (unsigned int)bufsiz);
+
+        if (ok >= 0)
+            res = strlen(buf);
+        if (ok == -1) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "User interface error\n");
+            ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+            OPENSSL_cleanse(buf, (unsigned int)bufsiz);
+            res = 0;
+        }
+        if (ok == -2) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "aborted!\n");
+            OPENSSL_cleanse(buf, (unsigned int)bufsiz);
+            res = 0;
+        }
+        UI_free(ui);
+        OPENSSL_free(prompt);
+    }
+    return res;
 }
 
-static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio)
-{
-       char *tmp, tpass[APP_PASS_LEN];
-       static BIO *pwdbio = NULL;
-       int i;
-       if(!strncmp(arg, "pass:", 5)) return BUF_strdup(arg + 5);
-       if(!strncmp(arg, "env:", 4)) {
-               tmp = getenv(arg + 4);
-               if(!tmp) {
-                       BIO_printf(err, "Can't read environment variable %s\n", arg + 4);
-                       return NULL;
-               }
-               return BUF_strdup(tmp);
-       }
-       if(!keepbio || !pwdbio) {
-               if(!strncmp(arg, "file:", 5)) {
-                       pwdbio = BIO_new_file(arg + 5, "r");
-                       if(!pwdbio) {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "Can't open file %s\n", arg + 5);
-                               return NULL;
-                       }
+static char *app_get_pass(char *arg, int keepbio);
+
+int app_passwd(char *arg1, char *arg2, char **pass1, char **pass2)
+{
+    int same;
+    if (!arg2 || !arg1 || strcmp(arg1, arg2))
+        same = 0;
+    else
+        same = 1;
+    if (arg1) {
+        *pass1 = app_get_pass(arg1, same);
+        if (!*pass1)
+            return 0;
+    } else if (pass1)
+        *pass1 = NULL;
+    if (arg2) {
+        *pass2 = app_get_pass(arg2, same ? 2 : 0);
+        if (!*pass2)
+            return 0;
+    } else if (pass2)
+        *pass2 = NULL;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static char *app_get_pass(char *arg, int keepbio)
+{
+    char *tmp, tpass[APP_PASS_LEN];
+    static BIO *pwdbio = NULL;
+    int i;
+
+    if (strncmp(arg, "pass:", 5) == 0)
+        return OPENSSL_strdup(arg + 5);
+    if (strncmp(arg, "env:", 4) == 0) {
+        tmp = getenv(arg + 4);
+        if (!tmp) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "Can't read environment variable %s\n", arg + 4);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        return OPENSSL_strdup(tmp);
+    }
+    if (!keepbio || !pwdbio) {
+        if (strncmp(arg, "file:", 5) == 0) {
+            pwdbio = BIO_new_file(arg + 5, "r");
+            if (!pwdbio) {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err, "Can't open file %s\n", arg + 5);
+                return NULL;
+            }
 #if !defined(_WIN32)
-               /*
-                * Under _WIN32, which covers even Win64 and CE, file
-                * descriptors referenced by BIO_s_fd are not inherited
-                * by child process and therefore below is not an option.
-                * It could have been an option if bss_fd.c was operating
-                * on real Windows descriptors, such as those obtained
-                * with CreateFile.
-                */
-               } else if(!strncmp(arg, "fd:", 3)) {
-                       BIO *btmp;
-                       i = atoi(arg + 3);
-                       if(i >= 0) pwdbio = BIO_new_fd(i, BIO_NOCLOSE);
-                       if((i < 0) || !pwdbio) {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "Can't access file descriptor %s\n", arg + 3);
-                               return NULL;
-                       }
-                       /* Can't do BIO_gets on an fd BIO so add a buffering BIO */
-                       btmp = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
-                       pwdbio = BIO_push(btmp, pwdbio);
-#endif
-               } else if(!strcmp(arg, "stdin")) {
-                       pwdbio = BIO_new_fp(stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
-                       if(!pwdbio) {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "Can't open BIO for stdin\n");
-                               return NULL;
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       BIO_printf(err, "Invalid password argument \"%s\"\n", arg);
-                       return NULL;
-               }
-       }
-       i = BIO_gets(pwdbio, tpass, APP_PASS_LEN);
-       if(keepbio != 1) {
-               BIO_free_all(pwdbio);
-               pwdbio = NULL;
-       }
-       if(i <= 0) {
-               BIO_printf(err, "Error reading password from BIO\n");
-               return NULL;
-       }
-       tmp = strchr(tpass, '\n');
-       if(tmp) *tmp = 0;
-       return BUF_strdup(tpass);
-}
-
-int add_oid_section(BIO *err, CONF *conf)
-{      
-       char *p;
-       STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *sktmp;
-       CONF_VALUE *cnf;
-       int i;
-       if(!(p=NCONF_get_string(conf,NULL,"oid_section")))
-               {
-               ERR_clear_error();
-               return 1;
-               }
-       if(!(sktmp = NCONF_get_section(conf, p))) {
-               BIO_printf(err, "problem loading oid section %s\n", p);
-               return 0;
-       }
-       for(i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(sktmp); i++) {
-               cnf = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(sktmp, i);
-               if(OBJ_create(cnf->value, cnf->name, cnf->name) == NID_undef) {
-                       BIO_printf(err, "problem creating object %s=%s\n",
-                                                        cnf->name, cnf->value);
-                       return 0;
-               }
-       }
+            /*
+             * Under _WIN32, which covers even Win64 and CE, file
+             * descriptors referenced by BIO_s_fd are not inherited
+             * by child process and therefore below is not an option.
+             * It could have been an option if bss_fd.c was operating
+             * on real Windows descriptors, such as those obtained
+             * with CreateFile.
+             */
+        } else if (strncmp(arg, "fd:", 3) == 0) {
+            BIO *btmp;
+            i = atoi(arg + 3);
+            if (i >= 0)
+                pwdbio = BIO_new_fd(i, BIO_NOCLOSE);
+            if ((i < 0) || !pwdbio) {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err, "Can't access file descriptor %s\n", arg + 3);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            /*
+             * Can't do BIO_gets on an fd BIO so add a buffering BIO
+             */
+            btmp = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
+            pwdbio = BIO_push(btmp, pwdbio);
+#endif
+        } else if (strcmp(arg, "stdin") == 0) {
+            pwdbio = dup_bio_in(FORMAT_TEXT);
+            if (!pwdbio) {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err, "Can't open BIO for stdin\n");
+                return NULL;
+            }
+        } else {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "Invalid password argument \"%s\"\n", arg);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    i = BIO_gets(pwdbio, tpass, APP_PASS_LEN);
+    if (keepbio != 1) {
+        BIO_free_all(pwdbio);
+        pwdbio = NULL;
+    }
+    if (i <= 0) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error reading password from BIO\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    tmp = strchr(tpass, '\n');
+    if (tmp)
+        *tmp = 0;
+    return OPENSSL_strdup(tpass);
+}
+
+static CONF *app_load_config_(BIO *in, const char *filename)
+{
+    long errorline = -1;
+    CONF *conf;
+    int i;
+
+    conf = NCONF_new(NULL);
+    i = NCONF_load_bio(conf, in, &errorline);
+    if (i > 0)
+        return conf;
+
+    if (errorline <= 0)
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s: Can't load config file \"%s\"\n",
+                   opt_getprog(), filename);
+    else
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s: Error on line %ld of config file \"%s\"\n",
+                   opt_getprog(), errorline, filename);
+    NCONF_free(conf);
+    return NULL;
+}
+CONF *app_load_config(const char *filename)
+{
+    BIO *in;
+    CONF *conf;
+
+    in = bio_open_default(filename, 'r', FORMAT_TEXT);
+    if (in == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+
+    conf = app_load_config_(in, filename);
+    BIO_free(in);
+    return conf;
+}
+CONF *app_load_config_quiet(const char *filename)
+{
+    BIO *in;
+    CONF *conf;
+
+    in = bio_open_default_quiet(filename, 'r', FORMAT_TEXT);
+    if (in == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+
+    conf = app_load_config_(in, filename);
+    BIO_free(in);
+    return conf;
+}
+
+int app_load_modules(const CONF *config)
+{
+    CONF *to_free = NULL;
+
+    if (config == NULL)
+       config = to_free = app_load_config_quiet(default_config_file);
+    if (config == NULL)
        return 1;
+
+    if (CONF_modules_load(config, NULL, 0) <= 0) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error configuring OpenSSL modules\n");
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        NCONF_free(to_free);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    NCONF_free(to_free);
+    return 1;
 }
 
-static int load_pkcs12(BIO *err, BIO *in, const char *desc,
-               pem_password_cb *pem_cb,  void *cb_data,
-               EVP_PKEY **pkey, X509 **cert, STACK_OF(X509) **ca)
-       {
-       const char *pass;
-       char tpass[PEM_BUFSIZE];
-       int len, ret = 0;
-       PKCS12 *p12;
-       p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio(in, NULL);
-       if (p12 == NULL)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err, "Error loading PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);    
-               goto die;
-               }
-       /* See if an empty password will do */
-       if (PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, "", 0) || PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, NULL, 0))
-               pass = "";
-       else
-               {
-               if (!pem_cb)
-                       pem_cb = (pem_password_cb *)password_callback;
-               len = pem_cb(tpass, PEM_BUFSIZE, 0, cb_data);
-               if (len < 0) 
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err, "Passpharse callback error for %s\n",
-                                       desc);
-                       goto die;
-                       }
-               if (len < PEM_BUFSIZE)
-                       tpass[len] = 0;
-               if (!PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, tpass, len))
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err,
-       "Mac verify error (wrong password?) in PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);    
-                       goto die;
-                       }
-               pass = tpass;
-               }
-       ret = PKCS12_parse(p12, pass, pkey, cert, ca);
-       die:
-       if (p12)
-               PKCS12_free(p12);
-       return ret;
-       }
-
-X509 *load_cert(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
-       const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *cert_descrip)
-       {
-       X509 *x=NULL;
-       BIO *cert;
-
-       if ((cert=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               goto end;
-               }
-
-       if (file == NULL)
-               {
-#ifdef _IONBF
-# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
-               setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
-# endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
-#endif
-               BIO_set_fp(cert,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
-               }
-       else
-               {
-               if (BIO_read_filename(cert,file) <= 0)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
-                               cert_descrip, file);
-                       ERR_print_errors(err);
-                       goto end;
-                       }
-               }
-
-       if      (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
-               x=d2i_X509_bio(cert,NULL);
-       else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE)
-               {
-               NETSCAPE_X509 *nx;
-               nx=ASN1_item_d2i_bio(ASN1_ITEM_rptr(NETSCAPE_X509),cert,NULL);
-               if (nx == NULL)
-                               goto end;
-
-               if ((strncmp(NETSCAPE_CERT_HDR,(char *)nx->header->data,
-                       nx->header->length) != 0))
-                       {
-                       NETSCAPE_X509_free(nx);
-                       BIO_printf(err,"Error reading header on certificate\n");
-                       goto end;
-                       }
-               x=nx->cert;
-               nx->cert = NULL;
-               NETSCAPE_X509_free(nx);
-               }
-       else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
-               x=PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(cert,NULL,
-                       (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, NULL);
-       else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
-               {
-               if (!load_pkcs12(err, cert,cert_descrip, NULL, NULL,
-                                       NULL, &x, NULL))
-                       goto end;
-               }
-       else    {
-               BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n",
-                       cert_descrip);
-               goto end;
-               }
-end:
-       if (x == NULL)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err,"unable to load certificate\n");
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               }
-       if (cert != NULL) BIO_free(cert);
-       return(x);
-       }
-
-EVP_PKEY *load_key(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
-       const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
-       {
-       BIO *key=NULL;
-       EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
-       PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
-
-       cb_data.password = pass;
-       cb_data.prompt_info = file;
-
-       if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
-               goto end;
-               }
+int add_oid_section(CONF *conf)
+{
+    char *p;
+    STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *sktmp;
+    CONF_VALUE *cnf;
+    int i;
+
+    if ((p = NCONF_get_string(conf, NULL, "oid_section")) == NULL) {
+        ERR_clear_error();
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if ((sktmp = NCONF_get_section(conf, p)) == NULL) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "problem loading oid section %s\n", p);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(sktmp); i++) {
+        cnf = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(sktmp, i);
+        if (OBJ_create(cnf->value, cnf->name, cnf->name) == NID_undef) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "problem creating object %s=%s\n",
+                       cnf->name, cnf->value);
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int load_pkcs12(BIO *in, const char *desc,
+                       pem_password_cb *pem_cb, void *cb_data,
+                       EVP_PKEY **pkey, X509 **cert, STACK_OF(X509) **ca)
+{
+    const char *pass;
+    char tpass[PEM_BUFSIZE];
+    int len, ret = 0;
+    PKCS12 *p12;
+    p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio(in, NULL);
+    if (p12 == NULL) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error loading PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);
+        goto die;
+    }
+    /* See if an empty password will do */
+    if (PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, "", 0) || PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, NULL, 0))
+        pass = "";
+    else {
+        if (!pem_cb)
+            pem_cb = (pem_password_cb *)password_callback;
+        len = pem_cb(tpass, PEM_BUFSIZE, 0, cb_data);
+        if (len < 0) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "Passphrase callback error for %s\n", desc);
+            goto die;
+        }
+        if (len < PEM_BUFSIZE)
+            tpass[len] = 0;
+        if (!PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, tpass, len)) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                       "Mac verify error (wrong password?) in PKCS12 file for %s\n",
+                       desc);
+            goto die;
+        }
+        pass = tpass;
+    }
+    ret = PKCS12_parse(p12, pass, pkey, cert, ca);
+ die:
+    PKCS12_free(p12);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int load_cert_crl_http(const char *url, X509 **pcert, X509_CRL **pcrl)
+{
+    char *host = NULL, *port = NULL, *path = NULL;
+    BIO *bio = NULL;
+    OCSP_REQ_CTX *rctx = NULL;
+    int use_ssl, rv = 0;
+    if (!OCSP_parse_url(url, &host, &port, &path, &use_ssl))
+        goto err;
+    if (use_ssl) {
+        BIO_puts(bio_err, "https not supported\n");
+        goto err;
+    }
+    bio = BIO_new_connect(host);
+    if (!bio || !BIO_set_conn_port(bio, port))
+        goto err;
+    rctx = OCSP_REQ_CTX_new(bio, 1024);
+    if (rctx == NULL)
+        goto err;
+    if (!OCSP_REQ_CTX_http(rctx, "GET", path))
+        goto err;
+    if (!OCSP_REQ_CTX_add1_header(rctx, "Host", host))
+        goto err;
+    if (pcert) {
+        do {
+            rv = X509_http_nbio(rctx, pcert);
+        } while (rv == -1);
+    } else {
+        do {
+            rv = X509_CRL_http_nbio(rctx, pcrl);
+        } while (rv == -1);
+    }
+
+ err:
+    OPENSSL_free(host);
+    OPENSSL_free(path);
+    OPENSSL_free(port);
+    if (bio)
+        BIO_free_all(bio);
+    OCSP_REQ_CTX_free(rctx);
+    if (rv != 1) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error loading %s from %s\n",
+                   pcert ? "certificate" : "CRL", url);
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+    }
+    return rv;
+}
+
+X509 *load_cert(const char *file, int format,
+                const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *cert_descrip)
+{
+    X509 *x = NULL;
+    BIO *cert;
+
+    if (format == FORMAT_HTTP) {
+        load_cert_crl_http(file, &x, NULL);
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    if (file == NULL) {
+        unbuffer(stdin);
+        cert = dup_bio_in(format);
+    } else
+        cert = bio_open_default(file, 'r', format);
+    if (cert == NULL)
+        goto end;
+
+    if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
+        x = d2i_X509_bio(cert, NULL);
+    else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
+        x = PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(cert, NULL,
+                                  (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, NULL);
+    else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12) {
+        if (!load_pkcs12(cert, cert_descrip, NULL, NULL, NULL, &x, NULL))
+            goto end;
+    } else {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "bad input format specified for %s\n", cert_descrip);
+        goto end;
+    }
+ end:
+    if (x == NULL) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to load certificate\n");
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+    }
+    BIO_free(cert);
+    return (x);
+}
+
+X509_CRL *load_crl(const char *infile, int format)
+{
+    X509_CRL *x = NULL;
+    BIO *in = NULL;
+
+    if (format == FORMAT_HTTP) {
+        load_cert_crl_http(infile, NULL, &x);
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    in = bio_open_default(infile, 'r', format);
+    if (in == NULL)
+        goto end;
+    if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
+        x = d2i_X509_CRL_bio(in, NULL);
+    else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
+        x = PEM_read_bio_X509_CRL(in, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+    else {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "bad input format specified for input crl\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
+    if (x == NULL) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to load CRL\n");
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+ end:
+    BIO_free(in);
+    return (x);
+}
+
+EVP_PKEY *load_key(const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
+                   const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
+{
+    BIO *key = NULL;
+    EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
+    PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
+
+    cb_data.password = pass;
+    cb_data.prompt_info = file;
+
+    if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE)) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "no keyfile specified\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
+    if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE) {
+        if (e == NULL)
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "no engine specified\n");
+        else {
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
-       if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
-               {
-               if (!e)
-                       BIO_printf(err,"no engine specified\n");
-               else
-                       {
-                       pkey = ENGINE_load_private_key(e, file,
-                               ui_method, &cb_data);
-                       if (!pkey) 
-                               {
-                               BIO_printf(err,"cannot load %s from engine\n",key_descrip);
-                               ERR_print_errors(err);
-                               }       
-                       }
-               goto end;
-               }
-#endif
-       key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
-       if (key == NULL)
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               goto end;
-               }
-       if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
-               {
-#ifdef _IONBF
-# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
-               setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
-# endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
-#endif
-               BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
-               }
-       else
-               if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
-                               key_descrip, file);
-                       ERR_print_errors(err);
-                       goto end;
-                       }
-       if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
-               {
-               pkey=d2i_PrivateKey_bio(key, NULL);
-               }
-       else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
-               {
-               pkey=PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key,NULL,
-                       (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
-               }
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
-       else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
-               pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
+            pkey = ENGINE_load_private_key(e, file, ui_method, &cb_data);
+            if (pkey == NULL) {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err, "cannot load %s from engine\n", key_descrip);
+                ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+            }
+#else
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "engines not supported\n");
 #endif
-       else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
-               {
-               if (!load_pkcs12(err, key, key_descrip,
-                               (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data,
-                               &pkey, NULL, NULL))
-                       goto end;
-               }
+        }
+        goto end;
+    }
+    if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin) {
+        unbuffer(stdin);
+        key = dup_bio_in(format);
+    } else
+        key = bio_open_default(file, 'r', format);
+    if (key == NULL)
+        goto end;
+    if (format == FORMAT_ASN1) {
+        pkey = d2i_PrivateKey_bio(key, NULL);
+    } else if (format == FORMAT_PEM) {
+        pkey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key, NULL,
+                                       (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
+                                       &cb_data);
+    }
+    else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12) {
+        if (!load_pkcs12(key, key_descrip,
+                         (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data,
+                         &pkey, NULL, NULL))
+            goto end;
+    }
 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA) && !defined (OPENSSL_NO_RC4)
-       else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
-               pkey = b2i_PrivateKey_bio(key);
-       else if (format == FORMAT_PVK)
-               pkey = b2i_PVK_bio(key, (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
-                                                               &cb_data);
-#endif
-       else
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
-               goto end;
-               }
+    else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
+        pkey = b2i_PrivateKey_bio(key);
+    else if (format == FORMAT_PVK)
+        pkey = b2i_PVK_bio(key, (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
+                           &cb_data);
+#endif
+    else {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "bad input format specified for key file\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
  end:
-       if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
-       if (pkey == NULL) 
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               }       
-       return(pkey);
-       }
-
-EVP_PKEY *load_pubkey(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
-       const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
-       {
-       BIO *key=NULL;
-       EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
-       PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
-
-       cb_data.password = pass;
-       cb_data.prompt_info = file;
-
-       if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
-               goto end;
-               }
+    BIO_free(key);
+    if (pkey == NULL) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+    }
+    return (pkey);
+}
+
+EVP_PKEY *load_pubkey(const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
+                      const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
+{
+    BIO *key = NULL;
+    EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
+    PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
+
+    cb_data.password = pass;
+    cb_data.prompt_info = file;
+
+    if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE)) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "no keyfile specified\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
+    if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE) {
+        if (e == NULL)
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "no engine specified\n");
+        else {
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
-       if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
-               {
-               if (!e)
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,"no engine specified\n");
-               else
-                       pkey = ENGINE_load_public_key(e, file,
-                               ui_method, &cb_data);
-               goto end;
-               }
-#endif
-       key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
-       if (key == NULL)
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               goto end;
-               }
-       if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
-               {
-#ifdef _IONBF
-# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
-               setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
-# endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
+            pkey = ENGINE_load_public_key(e, file, ui_method, &cb_data);
+            if (pkey == NULL) {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err, "cannot load %s from engine\n", key_descrip);
+                ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+            }
+#else
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "engines not supported\n");
 #endif
-               BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
-               }
-       else
-               if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
-                               key_descrip, file);
-                       ERR_print_errors(err);
-                       goto end;
-               }
-       if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
-               {
-               pkey=d2i_PUBKEY_bio(key, NULL);
-               }
+        }
+        goto end;
+    }
+    if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin) {
+        unbuffer(stdin);
+        key = dup_bio_in(format);
+    } else
+        key = bio_open_default(file, 'r', format);
+    if (key == NULL)
+        goto end;
+    if (format == FORMAT_ASN1) {
+        pkey = d2i_PUBKEY_bio(key, NULL);
+    }
+    else if (format == FORMAT_ASN1RSA) {
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
-       else if (format == FORMAT_ASN1RSA)
-               {
-               RSA *rsa;
-               rsa = d2i_RSAPublicKey_bio(key, NULL);
-               if (rsa)
-                       {
-                       pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
-                       if (pkey)
-                               EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
-                       RSA_free(rsa);
-                       }
-               else
-                       pkey = NULL;
-               }
-       else if (format == FORMAT_PEMRSA)
-               {
-               RSA *rsa;
-               rsa = PEM_read_bio_RSAPublicKey(key, NULL, 
-                       (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
-               if (rsa)
-                       {
-                       pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
-                       if (pkey)
-                               EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
-                       RSA_free(rsa);
-                       }
-               else
-                       pkey = NULL;
-               }
-#endif
-       else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
-               {
-               pkey=PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(key,NULL,
-                       (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
-               }
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
-       else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
-               pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
+        RSA *rsa;
+        rsa = d2i_RSAPublicKey_bio(key, NULL);
+        if (rsa) {
+            pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
+            if (pkey != NULL)
+                EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
+            RSA_free(rsa);
+        } else
+#else
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "RSA keys not supported\n");
 #endif
+            pkey = NULL;
+    } else if (format == FORMAT_PEMRSA) {
+#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
+        RSA *rsa;
+        rsa = PEM_read_bio_RSAPublicKey(key, NULL,
+                                        (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
+                                        &cb_data);
+        if (rsa != NULL) {
+            pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
+            if (pkey != NULL)
+                EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
+            RSA_free(rsa);
+        } else
+#else
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "RSA keys not supported\n");
+#endif
+            pkey = NULL;
+    }
+    else if (format == FORMAT_PEM) {
+        pkey = PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(key, NULL,
+                                   (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
+                                   &cb_data);
+    }
 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA)
-       else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
-               pkey = b2i_PublicKey_bio(key);
+    else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
+        pkey = b2i_PublicKey_bio(key);
 #endif
-       else
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
-               goto end;
-               }
  end:
-       if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
-       if (pkey == NULL)
-               BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
-       return(pkey);
-       }
-
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
-static EVP_PKEY *
-load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
-               const char *key_descrip, int format)
-       {
-       EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-       BUF_MEM *buf;
-       RSA     *rsa;
-       const unsigned char *p;
-       int size, i;
-
-       buf=BUF_MEM_new();
-       pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
-       size = 0;
-       if (buf == NULL || pkey == NULL)
-               goto error;
-       for (;;)
-               {
-               if (!BUF_MEM_grow_clean(buf,size+1024*10))
-                       goto error;
-               i = BIO_read(key, &(buf->data[size]), 1024*10);
-               size += i;
-               if (i == 0)
-                       break;
-               if (i < 0)
-                       {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "Error reading %s %s",
-                                       key_descrip, file);
-                               goto error;
-                       }
-               }
-       p=(unsigned char *)buf->data;
-       rsa = d2i_RSA_NET(NULL,&p,(long)size,NULL,
-               (format == FORMAT_IISSGC ? 1 : 0));
-       if (rsa == NULL)
-               goto error;
-       BUF_MEM_free(buf);
-       EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
-       return pkey;
-error:
-       BUF_MEM_free(buf);
-       EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
-       return NULL;
-       }
-#endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_RC4 */
-
-static int load_certs_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
-       const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc,
-       STACK_OF(X509) **pcerts, STACK_OF(X509_CRL) **pcrls)
-       {
-       int i;
-       BIO *bio;
-       STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *xis = NULL;
-       X509_INFO *xi;
-       PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
-       int rv = 0;
-
-       cb_data.password = pass;
-       cb_data.prompt_info = file;
-
-       if (format != FORMAT_PEM)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n", desc);
-               return 0;
-               }
-
-       if (file == NULL)
-               bio = BIO_new_fp(stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
-       else
-               bio = BIO_new_file(file, "r");
-
-       if (bio == NULL)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
-                               desc, file ? file : "stdin");
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               return 0;
-               }
-
-       xis = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(bio, NULL,
-                               (pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
-
-       BIO_free(bio);
-
-       if (pcerts)
-               {
-               *pcerts = sk_X509_new_null();
-               if (!*pcerts)
-                       goto end;
-               }
-
-       if (pcrls)
-               {
-               *pcrls = sk_X509_CRL_new_null();
-               if (!*pcrls)
-                       goto end;
-               }
-
-       for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(xis); i++)
-               {
-               xi = sk_X509_INFO_value (xis, i);
-               if (xi->x509 && pcerts)
-                       {
-                       if (!sk_X509_push(*pcerts, xi->x509))
-                               goto end;
-                       xi->x509 = NULL;
-                       }
-               if (xi->crl && pcrls)
-                       {
-                       if (!sk_X509_CRL_push(*pcrls, xi->crl))
-                               goto end;
-                       xi->crl = NULL;
-                       }
-               }
-
-       if (pcerts && sk_X509_num(*pcerts) > 0)
-               rv = 1;
-
-       if (pcrls && sk_X509_CRL_num(*pcrls) > 0)
-               rv = 1;
-
-       end:
-
-       if (xis)
-               sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(xis, X509_INFO_free);
-
-       if (rv == 0)
-               {
-               if (pcerts)
-                       {
-                       sk_X509_pop_free(*pcerts, X509_free);
-                       *pcerts = NULL;
-                       }
-               if (pcrls)
-                       {
-                       sk_X509_CRL_pop_free(*pcrls, X509_CRL_free);
-                       *pcrls = NULL;
-                       }
-               BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n",
-                               pcerts ? "certificates" : "CRLs");
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               }
-       return rv;
-       }
-
-STACK_OF(X509) *load_certs(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
-       const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
-       {
-       STACK_OF(X509) *certs;
-       if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, e, desc, &certs, NULL))
-               return NULL;
-       return certs;
-       }       
-
-STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *load_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
-       const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
-       {
-       STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls;
-       if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, e, desc, NULL, &crls))
-               return NULL;
-       return crls;
-       }       
-
-#define X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK                (0xfL << 16)
+    BIO_free(key);
+    if (pkey == NULL)
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
+    return (pkey);
+}
+
+static int load_certs_crls(const char *file, int format,
+                           const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc,
+                           STACK_OF(X509) **pcerts,
+                           STACK_OF(X509_CRL) **pcrls)
+{
+    int i;
+    BIO *bio;
+    STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *xis = NULL;
+    X509_INFO *xi;
+    PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
+    int rv = 0;
+
+    cb_data.password = pass;
+    cb_data.prompt_info = file;
+
+    if (format != FORMAT_PEM) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "bad input format specified for %s\n", desc);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    bio = bio_open_default(file, 'r', FORMAT_PEM);
+    if (bio == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    xis = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(bio, NULL,
+                                 (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
+                                 &cb_data);
+
+    BIO_free(bio);
+
+    if (pcerts && *pcerts == NULL) {
+        *pcerts = sk_X509_new_null();
+        if (!*pcerts)
+            goto end;
+    }
+
+    if (pcrls && *pcrls == NULL) {
+        *pcrls = sk_X509_CRL_new_null();
+        if (!*pcrls)
+            goto end;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(xis); i++) {
+        xi = sk_X509_INFO_value(xis, i);
+        if (xi->x509 && pcerts) {
+            if (!sk_X509_push(*pcerts, xi->x509))
+                goto end;
+            xi->x509 = NULL;
+        }
+        if (xi->crl && pcrls) {
+            if (!sk_X509_CRL_push(*pcrls, xi->crl))
+                goto end;
+            xi->crl = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (pcerts && sk_X509_num(*pcerts) > 0)
+        rv = 1;
+
+    if (pcrls && sk_X509_CRL_num(*pcrls) > 0)
+        rv = 1;
+
+ end:
+
+    sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(xis, X509_INFO_free);
+
+    if (rv == 0) {
+        if (pcerts) {
+            sk_X509_pop_free(*pcerts, X509_free);
+            *pcerts = NULL;
+        }
+        if (pcrls) {
+            sk_X509_CRL_pop_free(*pcrls, X509_CRL_free);
+            *pcrls = NULL;
+        }
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to load %s\n",
+                   pcerts ? "certificates" : "CRLs");
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+    }
+    return rv;
+}
+
+void* app_malloc(int sz, const char *what)
+{
+    void *vp = OPENSSL_malloc(sz);
+
+    if (vp == NULL) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s: Could not allocate %d bytes for %s\n",
+                opt_getprog(), sz, what);
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    return vp;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize or extend, if *certs != NULL,  a certificate stack.
+ */
+int load_certs(const char *file, STACK_OF(X509) **certs, int format,
+               const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
+{
+    return load_certs_crls(file, format, pass, e, desc, certs, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize or extend, if *crls != NULL,  a certificate stack.
+ */
+int load_crls(const char *file, STACK_OF(X509_CRL) **crls, int format,
+              const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
+{
+    return load_certs_crls(file, format, pass, e, desc, NULL, crls);
+}
+
+#define X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK         (0xfL << 16)
 /* Return error for unknown extensions */
-#define X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT             0
+#define X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT              0
 /* Print error for unknown extensions */
-#define X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN       (1L << 16)
+#define X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN        (1L << 16)
 /* ASN1 parse unknown extensions */
-#define X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN       (2L << 16)
+#define X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN        (2L << 16)
 /* BIO_dump unknown extensions */
-#define X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN                (3L << 16)
+#define X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN         (3L << 16)
 
 #define X509_FLAG_CA (X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER | X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY | \
-                        X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER | X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION)
+                         X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER | X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION)
 
 int set_cert_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
 {
-       static const NAME_EX_TBL cert_tbl[] = {
-               { "compatible", X509_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffl},
-               { "ca_default", X509_FLAG_CA, 0xffffffffl},
-               { "no_header", X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER, 0},
-               { "no_version", X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION, 0},
-               { "no_serial", X509_FLAG_NO_SERIAL, 0},
-               { "no_signame", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGNAME, 0},
-               { "no_validity", X509_FLAG_NO_VALIDITY, 0},
-               { "no_subject", X509_FLAG_NO_SUBJECT, 0},
-               { "no_issuer", X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER, 0},
-               { "no_pubkey", X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY, 0},
-               { "no_extensions", X509_FLAG_NO_EXTENSIONS, 0},
-               { "no_sigdump", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGDUMP, 0},
-               { "no_aux", X509_FLAG_NO_AUX, 0},
-               { "no_attributes", X509_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES, 0},
-               { "ext_default", X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
-               { "ext_error", X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
-               { "ext_parse", X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
-               { "ext_dump", X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
-               { NULL, 0, 0}
-       };
-       return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, cert_tbl);
+    static const NAME_EX_TBL cert_tbl[] = {
+        {"compatible", X509_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffl},
+        {"ca_default", X509_FLAG_CA, 0xffffffffl},
+        {"no_header", X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER, 0},
+        {"no_version", X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION, 0},
+        {"no_serial", X509_FLAG_NO_SERIAL, 0},
+        {"no_signame", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGNAME, 0},
+        {"no_validity", X509_FLAG_NO_VALIDITY, 0},
+        {"no_subject", X509_FLAG_NO_SUBJECT, 0},
+        {"no_issuer", X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER, 0},
+        {"no_pubkey", X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY, 0},
+        {"no_extensions", X509_FLAG_NO_EXTENSIONS, 0},
+        {"no_sigdump", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGDUMP, 0},
+        {"no_aux", X509_FLAG_NO_AUX, 0},
+        {"no_attributes", X509_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES, 0},
+        {"ext_default", X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
+        {"ext_error", X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
+        {"ext_parse", X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
+        {"ext_dump", X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
+        {NULL, 0, 0}
+    };
+    return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, cert_tbl);
 }
 
 int set_name_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
 {
-       static const NAME_EX_TBL ex_tbl[] = {
-               { "esc_2253", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253, 0},
-               { "esc_ctrl", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL, 0},
-               { "esc_msb", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB, 0},
-               { "use_quote", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_QUOTE, 0},
-               { "utf8", ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT, 0},
-               { "ignore_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_IGNORE_TYPE, 0},
-               { "show_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_SHOW_TYPE, 0},
-               { "dump_all", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_ALL, 0},
-               { "dump_nostr", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN, 0},
-               { "dump_der", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER, 0},
-               { "compat", XN_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffL},
-               { "sep_comma_plus", XN_FLAG_SEP_COMMA_PLUS, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
-               { "sep_comma_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
-               { "sep_semi_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_SPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
-               { "sep_multiline", XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
-               { "dn_rev", XN_FLAG_DN_REV, 0},
-               { "nofname", XN_FLAG_FN_NONE, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
-               { "sname", XN_FLAG_FN_SN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
-               { "lname", XN_FLAG_FN_LN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
-               { "align", XN_FLAG_FN_ALIGN, 0},
-               { "oid", XN_FLAG_FN_OID, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
-               { "space_eq", XN_FLAG_SPC_EQ, 0},
-               { "dump_unknown", XN_FLAG_DUMP_UNKNOWN_FIELDS, 0},
-               { "RFC2253", XN_FLAG_RFC2253, 0xffffffffL},
-               { "oneline", XN_FLAG_ONELINE, 0xffffffffL},
-               { "multiline", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
-               { "ca_default", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
-               { NULL, 0, 0}
-       };
-       return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, ex_tbl);
+    static const NAME_EX_TBL ex_tbl[] = {
+        {"esc_2253", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253, 0},
+        {"esc_ctrl", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL, 0},
+        {"esc_msb", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB, 0},
+        {"use_quote", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_QUOTE, 0},
+        {"utf8", ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT, 0},
+        {"ignore_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_IGNORE_TYPE, 0},
+        {"show_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_SHOW_TYPE, 0},
+        {"dump_all", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_ALL, 0},
+        {"dump_nostr", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN, 0},
+        {"dump_der", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER, 0},
+        {"compat", XN_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffL},
+        {"sep_comma_plus", XN_FLAG_SEP_COMMA_PLUS, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
+        {"sep_comma_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
+        {"sep_semi_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_SPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
+        {"sep_multiline", XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
+        {"dn_rev", XN_FLAG_DN_REV, 0},
+        {"nofname", XN_FLAG_FN_NONE, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
+        {"sname", XN_FLAG_FN_SN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
+        {"lname", XN_FLAG_FN_LN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
+        {"align", XN_FLAG_FN_ALIGN, 0},
+        {"oid", XN_FLAG_FN_OID, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
+        {"space_eq", XN_FLAG_SPC_EQ, 0},
+        {"dump_unknown", XN_FLAG_DUMP_UNKNOWN_FIELDS, 0},
+        {"RFC2253", XN_FLAG_RFC2253, 0xffffffffL},
+        {"oneline", XN_FLAG_ONELINE, 0xffffffffL},
+        {"multiline", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
+        {"ca_default", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
+        {NULL, 0, 0}
+    };
+    if (set_multi_opts(flags, arg, ex_tbl) == 0)
+        return 0;
+    if ((*flags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == 0)
+        *flags |= XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC;
+    return 1;
 }
 
 int set_ext_copy(int *copy_type, const char *arg)
 {
-       if (!strcasecmp(arg, "none"))
-               *copy_type = EXT_COPY_NONE;
-       else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copy"))
-               *copy_type = EXT_COPY_ADD;
-       else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copyall"))
-               *copy_type = EXT_COPY_ALL;
-       else
-               return 0;
-       return 1;
+    if (strcasecmp(arg, "none") == 0)
+        *copy_type = EXT_COPY_NONE;
+    else if (strcasecmp(arg, "copy") == 0)
+        *copy_type = EXT_COPY_ADD;
+    else if (strcasecmp(arg, "copyall") == 0)
+        *copy_type = EXT_COPY_ALL;
+    else
+        return 0;
+    return 1;
 }
 
 int copy_extensions(X509 *x, X509_REQ *req, int copy_type)
 {
-       STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION) *exts = NULL;
-       X509_EXTENSION *ext, *tmpext;
-       ASN1_OBJECT *obj;
-       int i, idx, ret = 0;
-       if (!x || !req || (copy_type == EXT_COPY_NONE))
-               return 1;
-       exts = X509_REQ_get_extensions(req);
-
-       for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_EXTENSION_num(exts); i++) {
-               ext = sk_X509_EXTENSION_value(exts, i);
-               obj = X509_EXTENSION_get_object(ext);
-               idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
-               /* Does extension exist? */
-               if (idx != -1) {
-                       /* If normal copy don't override existing extension */
-                       if (copy_type == EXT_COPY_ADD)
-                               continue;
-                       /* Delete all extensions of same type */
-                       do {
-                               tmpext = X509_get_ext(x, idx);
-                               X509_delete_ext(x, idx);
-                               X509_EXTENSION_free(tmpext);
-                               idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
-                       } while (idx != -1);
-               }
-               if (!X509_add_ext(x, ext, -1))
-                       goto end;
-       }
-
-       ret = 1;
-
-       end:
-
-       sk_X509_EXTENSION_pop_free(exts, X509_EXTENSION_free);
-
-       return ret;
-}
-               
-               
-                       
-
-static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
-{
-       STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *vals;
-       CONF_VALUE *val;
-       int i, ret = 1;
-       if(!arg) return 0;
-       vals = X509V3_parse_list(arg);
-       for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(vals); i++) {
-               val = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(vals, i);
-               if (!set_table_opts(flags, val->name, in_tbl))
-                       ret = 0;
-       }
-       sk_CONF_VALUE_pop_free(vals, X509V3_conf_free);
-       return ret;
-}
-
-static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
-{
-       char c;
-       const NAME_EX_TBL *ptbl;
-       c = arg[0];
-
-       if(c == '-') {
-               c = 0;
-               arg++;
-       } else if (c == '+') {
-               c = 1;
-               arg++;
-       } else c = 1;
-
-       for(ptbl = in_tbl; ptbl->name; ptbl++) {
-               if(!strcasecmp(arg, ptbl->name)) {
-                       *flags &= ~ptbl->mask;
-                       if(c) *flags |= ptbl->flag;
-                       else *flags &= ~ptbl->flag;
-                       return 1;
-               }
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-void print_name(BIO *out, const char *title, X509_NAME *nm, unsigned long lflags)
-{
-       char *buf;
-       char mline = 0;
-       int indent = 0;
-
-       if(title) BIO_puts(out, title);
-       if((lflags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE) {
-               mline = 1;
-               indent = 4;
-       }
-       if(lflags == XN_FLAG_COMPAT) {
-               buf = X509_NAME_oneline(nm, 0, 0);
-               BIO_puts(out, buf);
-               BIO_puts(out, "\n");
-               OPENSSL_free(buf);
-       } else {
-               if(mline) BIO_puts(out, "\n");
-               X509_NAME_print_ex(out, nm, indent, lflags);
-               BIO_puts(out, "\n");
-       }
-}
-
-X509_STORE *setup_verify(BIO *bp, char *CAfile, char *CApath)
-{
-       X509_STORE *store;
-       X509_LOOKUP *lookup;
-       if(!(store = X509_STORE_new())) goto end;
-       lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_file());
-       if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
-       if (CAfile) {
-               if(!X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,CAfile,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
-                       BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading file %s\n", CAfile);
-                       goto end;
-               }
-       } else X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
-               
-       lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir());
-       if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
-       if (CApath) {
-               if(!X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,CApath,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
-                       BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading directory %s\n", CApath);
-                       goto end;
-               }
-       } else X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
-
-       ERR_clear_error();
-       return store;
-       end:
-       X509_STORE_free(store);
-       return NULL;
+    STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION) *exts = NULL;
+    X509_EXTENSION *ext, *tmpext;
+    ASN1_OBJECT *obj;
+    int i, idx, ret = 0;
+    if (!x || !req || (copy_type == EXT_COPY_NONE))
+        return 1;
+    exts = X509_REQ_get_extensions(req);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_EXTENSION_num(exts); i++) {
+        ext = sk_X509_EXTENSION_value(exts, i);
+        obj = X509_EXTENSION_get_object(ext);
+        idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
+        /* Does extension exist? */
+        if (idx != -1) {
+            /* If normal copy don't override existing extension */
+            if (copy_type == EXT_COPY_ADD)
+                continue;
+            /* Delete all extensions of same type */
+            do {
+                tmpext = X509_get_ext(x, idx);
+                X509_delete_ext(x, idx);
+                X509_EXTENSION_free(tmpext);
+                idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
+            } while (idx != -1);
+        }
+        if (!X509_add_ext(x, ext, -1))
+            goto end;
+    }
+
+    ret = 1;
+
+ end:
+
+    sk_X509_EXTENSION_pop_free(exts, X509_EXTENSION_free);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
+                          const NAME_EX_TBL * in_tbl)
+{
+    STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *vals;
+    CONF_VALUE *val;
+    int i, ret = 1;
+    if (!arg)
+        return 0;
+    vals = X509V3_parse_list(arg);
+    for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(vals); i++) {
+        val = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(vals, i);
+        if (!set_table_opts(flags, val->name, in_tbl))
+            ret = 0;
+    }
+    sk_CONF_VALUE_pop_free(vals, X509V3_conf_free);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
+                          const NAME_EX_TBL * in_tbl)
+{
+    char c;
+    const NAME_EX_TBL *ptbl;
+    c = arg[0];
+
+    if (c == '-') {
+        c = 0;
+        arg++;
+    } else if (c == '+') {
+        c = 1;
+        arg++;
+    } else
+        c = 1;
+
+    for (ptbl = in_tbl; ptbl->name; ptbl++) {
+        if (strcasecmp(arg, ptbl->name) == 0) {
+            *flags &= ~ptbl->mask;
+            if (c)
+                *flags |= ptbl->flag;
+            else
+                *flags &= ~ptbl->flag;
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void print_name(BIO *out, const char *title, X509_NAME *nm,
+                unsigned long lflags)
+{
+    char *buf;
+    char mline = 0;
+    int indent = 0;
+
+    if (title)
+        BIO_puts(out, title);
+    if ((lflags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE) {
+        mline = 1;
+        indent = 4;
+    }
+    if (lflags == XN_FLAG_COMPAT) {
+        buf = X509_NAME_oneline(nm, 0, 0);
+        BIO_puts(out, buf);
+        BIO_puts(out, "\n");
+        OPENSSL_free(buf);
+    } else {
+        if (mline)
+            BIO_puts(out, "\n");
+        X509_NAME_print_ex(out, nm, indent, lflags);
+        BIO_puts(out, "\n");
+    }
+}
+
+void print_bignum_var(BIO *out, BIGNUM *in, const char *var,
+                      int len, unsigned char *buffer)
+{
+    BIO_printf(out, "    static unsigned char %s_%d[] = {", var, len);
+    if (BN_is_zero(in))
+        BIO_printf(out, "\n\t0x00");
+    else {
+        int i, l;
+
+        l = BN_bn2bin(in, buffer);
+        for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+            if ((i % 10) == 0)
+                BIO_printf(out, "\n\t");
+            if (i < l - 1)
+                BIO_printf(out, "0x%02X, ", buffer[i]);
+            else
+                BIO_printf(out, "0x%02X", buffer[i]);
+        }
+    }
+    BIO_printf(out, "\n    };\n");
+}
+void print_array(BIO *out, const char* title, int len, const unsigned char* d)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    BIO_printf(out, "unsigned char %s[%d] = {", title, len);
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        if ((i % 10) == 0)
+            BIO_printf(out, "\n    ");
+        if (i < len - 1)
+            BIO_printf(out, "0x%02X, ", d[i]);
+        else
+            BIO_printf(out, "0x%02X", d[i]);
+    }
+    BIO_printf(out, "\n};\n");
+}
+
+X509_STORE *setup_verify(char *CAfile, char *CApath, int noCAfile, int noCApath)
+{
+    X509_STORE *store = X509_STORE_new();
+    X509_LOOKUP *lookup;
+
+    if (store == NULL)
+        goto end;
+
+    if(CAfile != NULL || !noCAfile) {
+        lookup = X509_STORE_add_lookup(store, X509_LOOKUP_file());
+        if (lookup == NULL)
+            goto end;
+        if (CAfile) {
+            if (!X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup, CAfile, X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error loading file %s\n", CAfile);
+                goto end;
+            }
+        } else
+            X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup, NULL, X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    if(CApath != NULL || !noCApath) {
+        lookup = X509_STORE_add_lookup(store, X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir());
+        if (lookup == NULL)
+            goto end;
+        if (CApath) {
+            if (!X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup, CApath, X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error loading directory %s\n", CApath);
+                goto end;
+            }
+        } else
+            X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup, NULL, X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
+    }
+
+    ERR_clear_error();
+    return store;
+ end:
+    X509_STORE_free(store);
+    return NULL;
 }
 
 #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
 /* Try to load an engine in a shareable library */
-static ENGINE *try_load_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
-       {
-       ENGINE *e = ENGINE_by_id("dynamic");
-       if (e)
-               {
-               if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "SO_PATH", engine, 0)
-                       || !ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "LOAD", NULL, 0))
-                       {
-                       ENGINE_free(e);
-                       e = NULL;
-                       }
-               }
-       return e;
-       }
-
-ENGINE *setup_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
-        {
-        ENGINE *e = NULL;
-
-        if (engine)
-                {
-               if(strcmp(engine, "auto") == 0)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err,"enabling auto ENGINE support\n");
-                       ENGINE_register_all_complete();
-                       return NULL;
-                       }
-               if((e = ENGINE_by_id(engine)) == NULL
-                       && (e = try_load_engine(err, engine, debug)) == NULL)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err,"invalid engine \"%s\"\n", engine);
-                       ERR_print_errors(err);
-                       return NULL;
-                       }
-               if (debug)
-                       {
-                       ENGINE_ctrl(e, ENGINE_CTRL_SET_LOGSTREAM,
-                               0, err, 0);
-                       }
-                ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(e, "SET_USER_INTERFACE", 0, ui_method, 0, 1);
-               if(!ENGINE_set_default(e, ENGINE_METHOD_ALL))
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(err,"can't use that engine\n");
-                       ERR_print_errors(err);
-                       ENGINE_free(e);
-                       return NULL;
-                       }
-
-               BIO_printf(err,"engine \"%s\" set.\n", ENGINE_get_id(e));
-
-               /* Free our "structural" reference. */
-               ENGINE_free(e);
-               }
-        return e;
+static ENGINE *try_load_engine(const char *engine, int debug)
+{
+    ENGINE *e = ENGINE_by_id("dynamic");
+    if (e) {
+        if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "SO_PATH", engine, 0)
+            || !ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "LOAD", NULL, 0)) {
+            ENGINE_free(e);
+            e = NULL;
         }
-#endif
+    }
+    return e;
+}
 
-int load_config(BIO *err, CONF *cnf)
-       {
-       static int load_config_called = 0;
-       if (load_config_called)
-               return 1;
-       load_config_called = 1;
-       if (!cnf)
-               cnf = config;
-       if (!cnf)
-               return 1;
-
-       OPENSSL_load_builtin_modules();
-
-       if (CONF_modules_load(cnf, NULL, 0) <= 0)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(err, "Error configuring OpenSSL\n");
-               ERR_print_errors(err);
-               return 0;
-               }
-       return 1;
-       }
+ENGINE *setup_engine(const char *engine, int debug)
+{
+    ENGINE *e = NULL;
 
-char *make_config_name()
-       {
-       const char *t=X509_get_default_cert_area();
-       size_t len;
-       char *p;
+    if (engine) {
+        if (strcmp(engine, "auto") == 0) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "enabling auto ENGINE support\n");
+            ENGINE_register_all_complete();
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if ((e = ENGINE_by_id(engine)) == NULL
+            && (e = try_load_engine(engine, debug)) == NULL) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "invalid engine \"%s\"\n", engine);
+            ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (debug) {
+            ENGINE_ctrl(e, ENGINE_CTRL_SET_LOGSTREAM, 0, bio_err, 0);
+        }
+        ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(e, "SET_USER_INTERFACE", 0, ui_method, 0, 1);
+        if (!ENGINE_set_default(e, ENGINE_METHOD_ALL)) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "can't use that engine\n");
+            ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+            ENGINE_free(e);
+            return NULL;
+        }
 
-       len=strlen(t)+strlen(OPENSSL_CONF)+2;
-       p=OPENSSL_malloc(len);
-       BUF_strlcpy(p,t,len);
-#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       BUF_strlcat(p,"/",len);
-#endif
-       BUF_strlcat(p,OPENSSL_CONF,len);
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "engine \"%s\" set.\n", ENGINE_get_id(e));
 
-       return p;
-       }
+        /* Free our "structural" reference. */
+        ENGINE_free(e);
+    }
+    return e;
+}
+#endif
 
 static unsigned long index_serial_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
-       {
-       const char *n;
+{
+    const char *n;
 
-       n=a[DB_serial];
-       while (*n == '0') n++;
-       return(lh_strhash(n));
-       }
+    n = a[DB_serial];
+    while (*n == '0')
+        n++;
+    return (lh_strhash(n));
+}
 
-static int index_serial_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
-       {
-       const char *aa,*bb;
+static int index_serial_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a,
+                            const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
+{
+    const char *aa, *bb;
 
-       for (aa=a[DB_serial]; *aa == '0'; aa++);
-       for (bb=b[DB_serial]; *bb == '0'; bb++);
-       return(strcmp(aa,bb));
-       }
+    for (aa = a[DB_serial]; *aa == '0'; aa++) ;
+    for (bb = b[DB_serial]; *bb == '0'; bb++) ;
+    return (strcmp(aa, bb));
+}
 
 static int index_name_qual(char **a)
-       { return(a[0][0] == 'V'); }
+{
+    return (a[0][0] == 'V');
+}
 
 static unsigned long index_name_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
-       { return(lh_strhash(a[DB_name])); }
+{
+    return (lh_strhash(a[DB_name]));
+}
 
 int index_name_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
-       { return(strcmp(a[DB_name], b[DB_name])); }
+{
+    return (strcmp(a[DB_name], b[DB_name]));
+}
 
 static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
 static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
 static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
 static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
-
 #undef BSIZE
 #define BSIZE 256
-
 BIGNUM *load_serial(char *serialfile, int create, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
-       {
-       BIO *in=NULL;
-       BIGNUM *ret=NULL;
-       MS_STATIC char buf[1024];
-       ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;
-
-       ai=ASN1_INTEGER_new();
-       if (ai == NULL) goto err;
-
-       if ((in=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               goto err;
-               }
-
-       if (BIO_read_filename(in,serialfile) <= 0)
-               {
-               if (!create)
-                       {
-                       perror(serialfile);
-                       goto err;
-                       }
-               else
-                       {
-                       ret=BN_new();
-                       if (ret == NULL || !rand_serial(ret, ai))
-                               BIO_printf(bio_err, "Out of memory\n");
-                       }
-               }
-       else
-               {
-               if (!a2i_ASN1_INTEGER(in,ai,buf,1024))
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to load number from %s\n",
-                               serialfile);
-                       goto err;
-                       }
-               ret=ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(ai,NULL);
-               if (ret == NULL)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting number from bin to BIGNUM\n");
-                       goto err;
-                       }
-               }
-
-       if (ret && retai)
-               {
-               *retai = ai;
-               ai = NULL;
-               }
+{
+    BIO *in = NULL;
+    BIGNUM *ret = NULL;
+    char buf[1024];
+    ASN1_INTEGER *ai = NULL;
+
+    ai = ASN1_INTEGER_new();
+    if (ai == NULL)
+        goto err;
+
+    in = BIO_new_file(serialfile, "r");
+    if (in == NULL) {
+        if (!create) {
+            perror(serialfile);
+            goto err;
+        }
+        ERR_clear_error();
+        ret = BN_new();
+        if (ret == NULL || !rand_serial(ret, ai))
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "Out of memory\n");
+    } else {
+        if (!a2i_ASN1_INTEGER(in, ai, buf, 1024)) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to load number from %s\n",
+                       serialfile);
+            goto err;
+        }
+        ret = ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(ai, NULL);
+        if (ret == NULL) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                       "error converting number from bin to BIGNUM\n");
+            goto err;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (ret && retai) {
+        *retai = ai;
+        ai = NULL;
+    }
  err:
-       if (in != NULL) BIO_free(in);
-       if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
-       return(ret);
-       }
-
-int save_serial(char *serialfile, char *suffix, BIGNUM *serial, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
-       {
-       char buf[1][BSIZE];
-       BIO *out = NULL;
-       int ret=0;
-       ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;
-       int j;
-
-       if (suffix == NULL)
-               j = strlen(serialfile);
-       else
-               j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(suffix) + 1;
-       if (j >= BSIZE)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
-               goto err;
-               }
-
-       if (suffix == NULL)
-               BUF_strlcpy(buf[0], serialfile, BSIZE);
-       else
-               {
+    BIO_free(in);
+    ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
+    return (ret);
+}
+
+int save_serial(char *serialfile, char *suffix, BIGNUM *serial,
+                ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
+{
+    char buf[1][BSIZE];
+    BIO *out = NULL;
+    int ret = 0;
+    ASN1_INTEGER *ai = NULL;
+    int j;
+
+    if (suffix == NULL)
+        j = strlen(serialfile);
+    else
+        j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(suffix) + 1;
+    if (j >= BSIZE) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
+        goto err;
+    }
+
+    if (suffix == NULL)
+        OPENSSL_strlcpy(buf[0], serialfile, BSIZE);
+    else {
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-               j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", serialfile, suffix);
+        j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", serialfile, suffix);
 #else
-               j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", serialfile, suffix);
+        j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", serialfile, suffix);
 #endif
-               }
+    }
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
-#endif
-       out=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
-       if (out == NULL)
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               goto err;
-               }
-       if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
-               {
-               perror(serialfile);
-               goto err;
-               }
-
-       if ((ai=BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(serial,NULL)) == NULL)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting serial to ASN.1 format\n");
-               goto err;
-               }
-       i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(out,ai);
-       BIO_puts(out,"\n");
-       ret=1;
-       if (retai)
-               {
-               *retai = ai;
-               ai = NULL;
-               }
-err:
-       if (out != NULL) BIO_free_all(out);
-       if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
-       return(ret);
-       }
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
+#endif
+    out = BIO_new_file(buf[0], "w");
+    if (out == NULL) {
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        goto err;
+    }
+
+    if ((ai = BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(serial, NULL)) == NULL) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "error converting serial to ASN.1 format\n");
+        goto err;
+    }
+    i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(out, ai);
+    BIO_puts(out, "\n");
+    ret = 1;
+    if (retai) {
+        *retai = ai;
+        ai = NULL;
+    }
+ err:
+    BIO_free_all(out);
+    ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
+    return (ret);
+}
 
 int rotate_serial(char *serialfile, char *new_suffix, char *old_suffix)
-       {
-       char buf[5][BSIZE];
-       int i,j;
-
-       i = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
-       j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
-       if (i > j) j = i;
-       if (j + 1 >= BSIZE)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
-               goto err;
-               }
-
+{
+    char buf[5][BSIZE];
+    int i, j;
+
+    i = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
+    j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
+    if (i > j)
+        j = i;
+    if (j + 1 >= BSIZE) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
+        goto err;
+    }
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
-               serialfile, new_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", serialfile, new_suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
-               serialfile, new_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", serialfile, new_suffix);
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
-               serialfile, old_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s", serialfile, old_suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
-               serialfile, old_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s", serialfile, old_suffix);
 #endif
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
-               serialfile, buf[1]);
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
+               serialfile, buf[1]);
 #endif
-       if (rename(serialfile,buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
+    if (rename(serialfile, buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
 #ifdef ENOTDIR
-                       && errno != ENOTDIR
-#endif
-          )            {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                               "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
-                               serialfile, buf[1]);
-                       perror("reason");
-                       goto err;
-                       }
+        && errno != ENOTDIR
+#endif
+        ) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                   "unable to rename %s to %s\n", serialfile, buf[1]);
+        perror("reason");
+        goto err;
+    }
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
-               buf[0],serialfile);
-#endif
-       if (rename(buf[0],serialfile) < 0)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                       "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
-                       buf[0],serialfile);
-               perror("reason");
-               rename(buf[1],serialfile);
-               goto err;
-               }
-       return 1;
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
+               buf[0], serialfile);
+#endif
+    if (rename(buf[0], serialfile) < 0) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                   "unable to rename %s to %s\n", buf[0], serialfile);
+        perror("reason");
+        rename(buf[1], serialfile);
+        goto err;
+    }
+    return 1;
  err:
-       return 0;
-       }
+    return 0;
+}
 
 int rand_serial(BIGNUM *b, ASN1_INTEGER *ai)
-       {
-       BIGNUM *btmp;
-       int ret = 0;
-       if (b)
-               btmp = b;
-       else
-               btmp = BN_new();
-
-       if (!btmp)
-               return 0;
-
-       if (!BN_pseudo_rand(btmp, SERIAL_RAND_BITS, 0, 0))
-               goto error;
-       if (ai && !BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(btmp, ai))
-               goto error;
-
-       ret = 1;
-       
-       error:
-
-       if (!b)
-               BN_free(btmp);
-       
-       return ret;
-       }
+{
+    BIGNUM *btmp;
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if (b)
+        btmp = b;
+    else
+        btmp = BN_new();
+
+    if (btmp == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    if (!BN_pseudo_rand(btmp, SERIAL_RAND_BITS, 0, 0))
+        goto error;
+    if (ai && !BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(btmp, ai))
+        goto error;
+
+    ret = 1;
+
+ error:
+
+    if (btmp != b)
+        BN_free(btmp);
+
+    return ret;
+}
 
 CA_DB *load_index(char *dbfile, DB_ATTR *db_attr)
-       {
-       CA_DB *retdb = NULL;
-       TXT_DB *tmpdb = NULL;
-       BIO *in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
-       CONF *dbattr_conf = NULL;
-       char buf[1][BSIZE];
-       long errorline= -1;
-
-       if (in == NULL)
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               goto err;
-               }
-       if (BIO_read_filename(in,dbfile) <= 0)
-               {
-               perror(dbfile);
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n",dbfile);
-               goto err;
-               }
-       if ((tmpdb = TXT_DB_read(in,DB_NUMBER)) == NULL)
-               goto err;
+{
+    CA_DB *retdb = NULL;
+    TXT_DB *tmpdb = NULL;
+    BIO *in;
+    CONF *dbattr_conf = NULL;
+    char buf[BSIZE];
+
+    in = BIO_new_file(dbfile, "r");
+    if (in == NULL) {
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        goto err;
+    }
+    if ((tmpdb = TXT_DB_read(in, DB_NUMBER)) == NULL)
+        goto err;
 
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.attr", dbfile);
+    BIO_snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s.attr", dbfile);
 #else
-       BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-attr", dbfile);
-#endif
-       dbattr_conf = NCONF_new(NULL);
-       if (NCONF_load(dbattr_conf,buf[0],&errorline) <= 0)
-               {
-               if (errorline > 0)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                               "error on line %ld of db attribute file '%s'\n"
-                               ,errorline,buf[0]);
-                       goto err;
-                       }
-               else
-                       {
-                       NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
-                       dbattr_conf = NULL;
-                       }
-               }
-
-       if ((retdb = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(CA_DB))) == NULL)
-               {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
-               goto err;
-               }
-
-       retdb->db = tmpdb;
-       tmpdb = NULL;
-       if (db_attr)
-               retdb->attributes = *db_attr;
-       else
-               {
-               retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 1;
-               }
-
-       if (dbattr_conf)
-               {
-               char *p = NCONF_get_string(dbattr_conf,NULL,"unique_subject");
-               if (p)
-                       {
+    BIO_snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s-attr", dbfile);
+#endif
+    dbattr_conf = app_load_config(buf);
+
+    retdb = app_malloc(sizeof(*retdb), "new DB");
+    retdb->db = tmpdb;
+    tmpdb = NULL;
+    if (db_attr)
+        retdb->attributes = *db_attr;
+    else {
+        retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 1;
+    }
+
+    if (dbattr_conf) {
+        char *p = NCONF_get_string(dbattr_conf, NULL, "unique_subject");
+        if (p) {
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG[load_index]: unique_subject = \"%s\"\n", p);
+            BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                       "DEBUG[load_index]: unique_subject = \"%s\"\n", p);
 #endif
-                       retdb->attributes.unique_subject = parse_yesno(p,1);
-                       }
-               }
+            retdb->attributes.unique_subject = parse_yesno(p, 1);
+        }
+    }
 
  err:
-       if (dbattr_conf) NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
-       if (tmpdb) TXT_DB_free(tmpdb);
-       if (in) BIO_free_all(in);
-       return retdb;
-       }
+    NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
+    TXT_DB_free(tmpdb);
+    BIO_free_all(in);
+    return retdb;
+}
 
 int index_index(CA_DB *db)
-       {
-       if (!TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_serial, NULL,
-                               LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial),
-                               LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial)))
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                 "error creating serial number index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
-                                       db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
-                       return 0;
-               }
-
-       if (db->attributes.unique_subject
-               && !TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_name, index_name_qual,
-                       LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name),
-                       LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name)))
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"error creating name index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
-                       db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
-               return 0;
-               }
-       return 1;
-       }
+{
+    if (!TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_serial, NULL,
+                             LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial),
+                             LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial))) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                   "error creating serial number index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
+                   db->db->error, db->db->arg1, db->db->arg2);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (db->attributes.unique_subject
+        && !TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_name, index_name_qual,
+                                LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name),
+                                LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name))) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "error creating name index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
+                   db->db->error, db->db->arg1, db->db->arg2);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
 
 int save_index(const char *dbfile, const char *suffix, CA_DB *db)
-       {
-       char buf[3][BSIZE];
-       BIO *out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
-       int j;
-
-       if (out == NULL)
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               goto err;
-               }
-
-       j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(suffix);
-       if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
-               goto err;
-               }
-
+{
+    char buf[3][BSIZE];
+    BIO *out;
+    int j;
+
+    j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(suffix);
+    if (j + 6 >= BSIZE) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
+        goto err;
+    }
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr", dbfile);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr", dbfile);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr", dbfile);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr", dbfile);
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.attr.%s", dbfile, suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.attr.%s", dbfile, suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-attr-%s", dbfile, suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-attr-%s", dbfile, suffix);
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", dbfile, suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", dbfile, suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", dbfile, suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", dbfile, suffix);
 #endif
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
-#endif
-       if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
-               {
-               perror(dbfile);
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", dbfile);
-               goto err;
-               }
-       j=TXT_DB_write(out,db->db);
-       if (j <= 0) goto err;
-                       
-       BIO_free(out);
-
-       out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
+#endif
+    out = BIO_new_file(buf[0], "w");
+    if (out == NULL) {
+        perror(dbfile);
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to open '%s'\n", dbfile);
+        goto err;
+    }
+    j = TXT_DB_write(out, db->db);
+    BIO_free(out);
+    if (j <= 0)
+        goto err;
+
+    out = BIO_new_file(buf[1], "w");
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[1]);
-#endif
-       if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[1]) <= 0)
-               {
-               perror(buf[2]);
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", buf[2]);
-               goto err;
-               }
-       BIO_printf(out,"unique_subject = %s\n",
-               db->attributes.unique_subject ? "yes" : "no");
-       BIO_free(out);
-
-       return 1;
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[1]);
+#endif
+    if (out == NULL) {
+        perror(buf[2]);
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to open '%s'\n", buf[2]);
+        goto err;
+    }
+    BIO_printf(out, "unique_subject = %s\n",
+               db->attributes.unique_subject ? "yes" : "no");
+    BIO_free(out);
+
+    return 1;
  err:
-       return 0;
-       }
-
-int rotate_index(const char *dbfile, const char *new_suffix, const char *old_suffix)
-       {
-       char buf[5][BSIZE];
-       int i,j;
-
-       i = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
-       j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
-       if (i > j) j = i;
-       if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
-               goto err;
-               }
+    return 0;
+}
 
+int rotate_index(const char *dbfile, const char *new_suffix,
+                 const char *old_suffix)
+{
+    char buf[5][BSIZE];
+    int i, j;
+
+    i = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
+    j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
+    if (i > j)
+        j = i;
+    if (j + 6 >= BSIZE) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
+        goto err;
+    }
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s.attr", dbfile);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s.attr", dbfile);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s-attr", dbfile);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s-attr", dbfile);
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr.%s",
-               dbfile, new_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr.%s", dbfile, new_suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr-%s",
-               dbfile, new_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr-%s", dbfile, new_suffix);
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
-               dbfile, new_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", dbfile, new_suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
-               dbfile, new_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", dbfile, new_suffix);
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
-               dbfile, old_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s", dbfile, old_suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
-               dbfile, old_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s", dbfile, old_suffix);
 #endif
 #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s.attr.%s",
-               dbfile, old_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s.attr.%s", dbfile, old_suffix);
 #else
-       j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s-attr-%s",
-               dbfile, old_suffix);
+    j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s-attr-%s", dbfile, old_suffix);
 #endif
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
-               dbfile, buf[1]);
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n", dbfile, buf[1]);
 #endif
-       if (rename(dbfile,buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
+    if (rename(dbfile, buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
 #ifdef ENOTDIR
-               && errno != ENOTDIR
+        && errno != ENOTDIR
 #endif
-          )            {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                               "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
-                               dbfile, buf[1]);
-                       perror("reason");
-                       goto err;
-                       }
+        ) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n", dbfile, buf[1]);
+        perror("reason");
+        goto err;
+    }
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
-               buf[0],dbfile);
-#endif
-       if (rename(buf[0],dbfile) < 0)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                       "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
-                       buf[0],dbfile);
-               perror("reason");
-               rename(buf[1],dbfile);
-               goto err;
-               }
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n", buf[0], dbfile);
+#endif
+    if (rename(buf[0], dbfile) < 0) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n", buf[0], dbfile);
+        perror("reason");
+        rename(buf[1], dbfile);
+        goto err;
+    }
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
-               buf[4],buf[3]);
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n", buf[4], buf[3]);
 #endif
-       if (rename(buf[4],buf[3]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
+    if (rename(buf[4], buf[3]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
 #ifdef ENOTDIR
-               && errno != ENOTDIR
-#endif
-          )            {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                               "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
-                               buf[4], buf[3]);
-                       perror("reason");
-                       rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
-                       rename(buf[1],dbfile);
-                       goto err;
-                       }
+        && errno != ENOTDIR
+#endif
+        ) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n", buf[4], buf[3]);
+        perror("reason");
+        rename(dbfile, buf[0]);
+        rename(buf[1], dbfile);
+        goto err;
+    }
 #ifdef RL_DEBUG
-       BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
-               buf[2],buf[4]);
-#endif
-       if (rename(buf[2],buf[4]) < 0)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                       "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
-                       buf[2],buf[4]);
-               perror("reason");
-               rename(buf[3],buf[4]);
-               rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
-               rename(buf[1],dbfile);
-               goto err;
-               }
-       return 1;
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n", buf[2], buf[4]);
+#endif
+    if (rename(buf[2], buf[4]) < 0) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n", buf[2], buf[4]);
+        perror("reason");
+        rename(buf[3], buf[4]);
+        rename(dbfile, buf[0]);
+        rename(buf[1], dbfile);
+        goto err;
+    }
+    return 1;
  err:
-       return 0;
-       }
+    return 0;
+}
 
 void free_index(CA_DB *db)
-       {
-       if (db)
-               {
-               if (db->db) TXT_DB_free(db->db);
-               OPENSSL_free(db);
-               }
-       }
+{
+    if (db) {
+        TXT_DB_free(db->db);
+        OPENSSL_free(db);
+    }
+}
 
 int parse_yesno(const char *str, int def)
-       {
-       int ret = def;
-       if (str)
-               {
-               switch (*str)
-                       {
-               case 'f': /* false */
-               case 'F': /* FALSE */
-               case 'n': /* no */
-               case 'N': /* NO */
-               case '0': /* 0 */
-                       ret = 0;
-                       break;
-               case 't': /* true */
-               case 'T': /* TRUE */
-               case 'y': /* yes */
-               case 'Y': /* YES */
-               case '1': /* 1 */
-                       ret = 1;
-                       break;
-               default:
-                       ret = def;
-                       break;
-                       }
-               }
-       return ret;
-       }
+{
+    if (str) {
+        switch (*str) {
+        case 'f':              /* false */
+        case 'F':              /* FALSE */
+        case 'n':              /* no */
+        case 'N':              /* NO */
+        case '0':              /* 0 */
+            return 0;
+        case 't':              /* true */
+        case 'T':              /* TRUE */
+        case 'y':              /* yes */
+        case 'Y':              /* YES */
+        case '1':              /* 1 */
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return def;
+}
 
 /*
- * subject is expected to be in the format /type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...
+ * name is expected to be in the format /type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...
  * where characters may be escaped by \
  */
-X509_NAME *parse_name(char *subject, long chtype, int multirdn)
-       {
-       size_t buflen = strlen(subject)+1; /* to copy the types and values into. due to escaping, the copy can only become shorter */
-       char *buf = OPENSSL_malloc(buflen);
-       size_t max_ne = buflen / 2 + 1; /* maximum number of name elements */
-       char **ne_types = OPENSSL_malloc(max_ne * sizeof (char *));
-       char **ne_values = OPENSSL_malloc(max_ne * sizeof (char *));
-       int *mval = OPENSSL_malloc (max_ne * sizeof (int));
-
-       char *sp = subject, *bp = buf;
-       int i, ne_num = 0;
-
-       X509_NAME *n = NULL;
-       int nid;
-
-       if (!buf || !ne_types || !ne_values)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err, "malloc error\n");
-               goto error;
-               }       
-
-       if (*subject != '/')
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err, "Subject does not start with '/'.\n");
-               goto error;
-               }
-       sp++; /* skip leading / */
-
-       /* no multivalued RDN by default */
-       mval[ne_num] = 0;
-
-       while (*sp)
-               {
-               /* collect type */
-               ne_types[ne_num] = bp;
-               while (*sp)
-                       {
-                       if (*sp == '\\') /* is there anything to escape in the type...? */
-                               {
-                               if (*++sp)
-                                       *bp++ = *sp++;
-                               else    
-                                       {
-                                       BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character at end of string\n");
-                                       goto error;
-                                       }
-                               }       
-                       else if (*sp == '=')
-                               {
-                               sp++;
-                               *bp++ = '\0';
-                               break;
-                               }
-                       else
-                               *bp++ = *sp++;
-                       }
-               if (!*sp)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err, "end of string encountered while processing type of subject name element #%d\n", ne_num);
-                       goto error;
-                       }
-               ne_values[ne_num] = bp;
-               while (*sp)
-                       {
-                       if (*sp == '\\')
-                               {
-                               if (*++sp)
-                                       *bp++ = *sp++;
-                               else
-                                       {
-                                       BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character at end of string\n");
-                                       goto error;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       else if (*sp == '/')
-                               {
-                               sp++;
-                               /* no multivalued RDN by default */
-                               mval[ne_num+1] = 0;
-                               break;
-                               }
-                       else if (*sp == '+' && multirdn)
-                               {
-                               /* a not escaped + signals a mutlivalued RDN */
-                               sp++;
-                               mval[ne_num+1] = -1;
-                               break;
-                               }
-                       else
-                               *bp++ = *sp++;
-                       }
-               *bp++ = '\0';
-               ne_num++;
-               }       
-
-       if (!(n = X509_NAME_new()))
-               goto error;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < ne_num; i++)
-               {
-               if ((nid=OBJ_txt2nid(ne_types[i])) == NID_undef)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err, "Subject Attribute %s has no known NID, skipped\n", ne_types[i]);
-                       continue;
-                       }
-
-               if (!*ne_values[i])
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err, "No value provided for Subject Attribute %s, skipped\n", ne_types[i]);
-                       continue;
-                       }
-
-               if (!X509_NAME_add_entry_by_NID(n, nid, chtype, (unsigned char*)ne_values[i], -1,-1,mval[i]))
-                       goto error;
-               }
-
-       OPENSSL_free(ne_values);
-       OPENSSL_free(ne_types);
-       OPENSSL_free(buf);
-       return n;
-
-error:
-       X509_NAME_free(n);
-       if (ne_values)
-               OPENSSL_free(ne_values);
-       if (ne_types)
-               OPENSSL_free(ne_types);
-       if (buf)
-               OPENSSL_free(buf);
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-int args_verify(char ***pargs, int *pargc,
-                       int *badarg, BIO *err, X509_VERIFY_PARAM **pm)
-       {
-       ASN1_OBJECT *otmp = NULL;
-       unsigned long flags = 0;
-       int i;
-       int purpose = 0, depth = -1;
-       char **oldargs = *pargs;
-       char *arg = **pargs, *argn = (*pargs)[1];
-       const X509_VERIFY_PARAM *vpm = NULL;
-       time_t at_time = 0;
-       if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy"))
-               {
-               if (!argn)
-                       *badarg = 1;
-               else
-                       {
-                       otmp = OBJ_txt2obj(argn, 0);
-                       if (!otmp)
-                               {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "Invalid Policy \"%s\"\n",
-                                                                       argn);
-                               *badarg = 1;
-                               }
-                       }
-               (*pargs)++;
-               }
-       else if (strcmp(arg,"-purpose") == 0)
-               {
-               X509_PURPOSE *xptmp;
-               if (!argn)
-                       *badarg = 1;
-               else
-                       {
-                       i = X509_PURPOSE_get_by_sname(argn);
-                       if(i < 0)
-                               {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "unrecognized purpose\n");
-                               *badarg = 1;
-                               }
-                       else
-                               {
-                               xptmp = X509_PURPOSE_get0(i);
-                               purpose = X509_PURPOSE_get_id(xptmp);
-                               }
-                       }
-               (*pargs)++;
-               }
-       else if (strcmp(arg,"-verify_name") == 0)
-               {
-               if (!argn)
-                       *badarg = 1;
-               else
-                       {
-                       vpm = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_lookup(argn);
-                       if(!vpm)
-                               {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "unrecognized verify name\n");
-                               *badarg = 1;
-                               }
-                       }
-               (*pargs)++;
-               }
-       else if (strcmp(arg,"-verify_depth") == 0)
-               {
-               if (!argn)
-                       *badarg = 1;
-               else
-                       {
-                       depth = atoi(argn);
-                       if(depth < 0)
-                               {
-                               BIO_printf(err, "invalid depth\n");
-                               *badarg = 1;
-                               }
-                       }
-               (*pargs)++;
-               }
-       else if (strcmp(arg,"-attime") == 0)
-               {
-               if (!argn)
-                       *badarg = 1;
-               else
-                       {
-                       long timestamp;
-                       /* interpret the -attime argument as seconds since
-                        * Epoch */
-                       if (sscanf(argn, "%li", &timestamp) != 1)
-                               {
-                               BIO_printf(bio_err,
-                                               "Error parsing timestamp %s\n",
-                                               argn);
-                               *badarg = 1;
-                               }
-                       /* on some platforms time_t may be a float */
-                       at_time = (time_t) timestamp;
-                       }
-               (*pargs)++;
-               }
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-ignore_critical"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_IGNORE_CRITICAL;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-issuer_checks"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CB_ISSUER_CHECK;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check"))
-               flags |=  X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check_all"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK|X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK_ALL;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_check"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_POLICY_CHECK;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-explicit_policy"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXPLICIT_POLICY;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_any"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_ANY;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_map"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_MAP;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-x509_strict"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_X509_STRICT;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-extended_crl"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXTENDED_CRL_SUPPORT;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-use_deltas"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_USE_DELTAS;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_print"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_NOTIFY_POLICY;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-check_ss_sig"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CHECK_SS_SIGNATURE;
-       else if (!strcmp(arg, "-trusted_first"))
-               flags |= X509_V_FLAG_TRUSTED_FIRST;
-       else
-               return 0;
-
-       if (*badarg)
-               {
-               if (*pm)
-                       X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(*pm);
-               *pm = NULL;
-               goto end;
-               }
-
-       if (!*pm && !(*pm = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new()))
-               {
-               *badarg = 1;
-               goto end;
-               }
-
-       if (vpm)
-               X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1(*pm, vpm);
-
-       if (otmp)
-               X509_VERIFY_PARAM_add0_policy(*pm, otmp);
-       if (flags)
-               X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(*pm, flags);
-
-       if (purpose)
-               X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_purpose(*pm, purpose);
-
-       if (depth >= 0)
-               X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_depth(*pm, depth);
-
-       if (at_time) 
-               X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_time(*pm, at_time);
-
-       end:
-
-       (*pargs)++;
-
-       if (pargc)
-               *pargc -= *pargs - oldargs;
+X509_NAME *parse_name(const char *cp, long chtype, int canmulti)
+{
+    int nextismulti = 0;
+    char *work;
+    X509_NAME *n;
+
+    if (*cp++ != '/')
+        return NULL;
+
+    n = X509_NAME_new();
+    if (n == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+    work = OPENSSL_strdup(cp);
+    if (work == NULL)
+        goto err;
+
+    while (*cp) {
+        char *bp = work;
+        char *typestr = bp;
+        unsigned char *valstr;
+        int nid;
+        int ismulti = nextismulti;
+        nextismulti = 0;
+
+        /* Collect the type */
+        while (*cp && *cp != '=')
+            *bp++ = *cp++;
+        if (*cp == '\0') {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                    "%s: Hit end of string before finding the equals.\n",
+                    opt_getprog());
+            goto err;
+        }
+        *bp++ = '\0';
+        ++cp;
+
+        /* Collect the value. */
+        valstr = (unsigned char *)bp;
+        for (; *cp && *cp != '/'; *bp++ = *cp++) {
+            if (canmulti && *cp == '+') {
+                nextismulti = 1;
+                break;
+            }
+            if (*cp == '\\' && *++cp == '\0') {
+                BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                        "%s: escape character at end of string\n",
+                        opt_getprog());
+                goto err;
+            }
+        }
+        *bp++ = '\0';
+
+        /* If not at EOS (must be + or /), move forward. */
+        if (*cp)
+            ++cp;
+
+        /* Parse */
+        nid = OBJ_txt2nid(typestr);
+        if (nid == NID_undef) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s: Skipping unknown attribute \"%s\"\n",
+                      opt_getprog(), typestr);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!X509_NAME_add_entry_by_NID(n, nid, chtype,
+                                        valstr, strlen((char *)valstr),
+                                        -1, ismulti ? -1 : 0))
+            goto err;
+    }
 
-       return 1;
+    OPENSSL_free(work);
+    return n;
 
-       }
+ err:
+    X509_NAME_free(n);
+    OPENSSL_free(work);
+    return NULL;
+}
 
-/* Read whole contents of a BIO into an allocated memory buffer and
- * return it.
+/*
+ * Read whole contents of a BIO into an allocated memory buffer and return
+ * it.
  */
 
 int bio_to_mem(unsigned char **out, int maxlen, BIO *in)
-       {
-       BIO *mem;
-       int len, ret;
-       unsigned char tbuf[1024];
-       mem = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
-       if (!mem)
-               return -1;
-       for(;;)
-               {
-               if ((maxlen != -1) && maxlen < 1024)
-                       len = maxlen;
-               else
-                       len = 1024;
-               len = BIO_read(in, tbuf, len);
-               if (len <= 0)
-                       break;
-               if (BIO_write(mem, tbuf, len) != len)
-                       {
-                       BIO_free(mem);
-                       return -1;
-                       }
-               maxlen -= len;
-
-               if (maxlen == 0)
-                       break;
-               }
-       ret = BIO_get_mem_data(mem, (char **)out);
-       BIO_set_flags(mem, BIO_FLAGS_MEM_RDONLY);
-       BIO_free(mem);
-       return ret;
-       }
-
-int pkey_ctrl_string(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, char *value)
-       {
-       int rv;
-       char *stmp, *vtmp = NULL;
-       stmp = BUF_strdup(value);
-       if (!stmp)
-               return -1;
-       vtmp = strchr(stmp, ':');
-       if (vtmp)
-               {
-               *vtmp = 0;
-               vtmp++;
-               }
-       rv = EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(ctx, stmp, vtmp);
-       OPENSSL_free(stmp);
-       return rv;
-       }
-
-static void nodes_print(BIO *out, const char *name,
-       STACK_OF(X509_POLICY_NODE) *nodes)
-       {
-       X509_POLICY_NODE *node;
-       int i;
-       BIO_printf(out, "%s Policies:", name);
-       if (nodes)
-               {
-               BIO_puts(out, "\n");
-               for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_num(nodes); i++)
-                       {
-                       node = sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_value(nodes, i);
-                       X509_POLICY_NODE_print(out, node, 2);
-                       }
-               }
-       else
-               BIO_puts(out, " <empty>\n");
-       }
-
-void policies_print(BIO *out, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx)
-       {
-       X509_POLICY_TREE *tree;
-       int explicit_policy;
-       int free_out = 0;
-       if (out == NULL)
-               {
-               out = BIO_new_fp(stderr, BIO_NOCLOSE);
-               free_out = 1;
-               }
-       tree = X509_STORE_CTX_get0_policy_tree(ctx);
-       explicit_policy = X509_STORE_CTX_get_explicit_policy(ctx);
-
-       BIO_printf(out, "Require explicit Policy: %s\n",
-                               explicit_policy ? "True" : "False");
-
-       nodes_print(out, "Authority", X509_policy_tree_get0_policies(tree));
-       nodes_print(out, "User", X509_policy_tree_get0_user_policies(tree));
-       if (free_out)
-               BIO_free(out);
-       }
+{
+    BIO *mem;
+    int len, ret;
+    unsigned char tbuf[1024];
+    mem = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
+    if (mem == NULL)
+        return -1;
+    for (;;) {
+        if ((maxlen != -1) && maxlen < 1024)
+            len = maxlen;
+        else
+            len = 1024;
+        len = BIO_read(in, tbuf, len);
+        if (len < 0) {
+            BIO_free(mem);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (len == 0)
+            break;
+        if (BIO_write(mem, tbuf, len) != len) {
+            BIO_free(mem);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        maxlen -= len;
+
+        if (maxlen == 0)
+            break;
+    }
+    ret = BIO_get_mem_data(mem, (char **)out);
+    BIO_set_flags(mem, BIO_FLAGS_MEM_RDONLY);
+    BIO_free(mem);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int pkey_ctrl_string(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, const char *value)
+{
+    int rv;
+    char *stmp, *vtmp = NULL;
+    stmp = OPENSSL_strdup(value);
+    if (!stmp)
+        return -1;
+    vtmp = strchr(stmp, ':');
+    if (vtmp) {
+        *vtmp = 0;
+        vtmp++;
+    }
+    rv = EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(ctx, stmp, vtmp);
+    OPENSSL_free(stmp);
+    return rv;
+}
+
+static void nodes_print(const char *name, STACK_OF(X509_POLICY_NODE) *nodes)
+{
+    X509_POLICY_NODE *node;
+    int i;
+
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s Policies:", name);
+    if (nodes) {
+        BIO_puts(bio_err, "\n");
+        for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_num(nodes); i++) {
+            node = sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_value(nodes, i);
+            X509_POLICY_NODE_print(bio_err, node, 2);
+        }
+    } else
+        BIO_puts(bio_err, " <empty>\n");
+}
+
+void policies_print(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx)
+{
+    X509_POLICY_TREE *tree;
+    int explicit_policy;
+    tree = X509_STORE_CTX_get0_policy_tree(ctx);
+    explicit_policy = X509_STORE_CTX_get_explicit_policy(ctx);
+
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "Require explicit Policy: %s\n",
+               explicit_policy ? "True" : "False");
+
+    nodes_print("Authority", X509_policy_tree_get0_policies(tree));
+    nodes_print("User", X509_policy_tree_get0_user_policies(tree));
+}
 
 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_JPAKE) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_PSK)
 
 static JPAKE_CTX *jpake_init(const char *us, const char *them,
-                                                        const char *secret)
-       {
-       BIGNUM *p = NULL;
-       BIGNUM *g = NULL;
-       BIGNUM *q = NULL;
-       BIGNUM *bnsecret = BN_new();
-       JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
-
-       /* Use a safe prime for p (that we found earlier) */
-       BN_hex2bn(&p, "F9E5B365665EA7A05A9C534502780FEE6F1AB5BD4F49947FD036DBD7E905269AF46EF28B0FC07487EE4F5D20FB3C0AF8E700F3A2FA3414970CBED44FEDFF80CE78D800F184BB82435D137AADA2C6C16523247930A63B85661D1FC817A51ACD96168E95898A1F83A79FFB529368AA7833ABD1B0C3AEDDB14D2E1A2F71D99F763F");
-       g = BN_new();
-       BN_set_word(g, 2);
-       q = BN_new();
-       BN_rshift1(q, p);
-
-       BN_bin2bn((const unsigned char *)secret, strlen(secret), bnsecret);
-
-       ctx = JPAKE_CTX_new(us, them, p, g, q, bnsecret);
-       BN_free(bnsecret);
-       BN_free(q);
-       BN_free(g);
-       BN_free(p);
-
-       return ctx;
-       }
+                             const char *secret)
+{
+    BIGNUM *p = NULL;
+    BIGNUM *g = NULL;
+    BIGNUM *q = NULL;
+    BIGNUM *bnsecret = BN_new();
+    JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
+
+    /* Use a safe prime for p (that we found earlier) */
+    BN_hex2bn(&p,
+              "F9E5B365665EA7A05A9C534502780FEE6F1AB5BD4F49947FD036DBD7E905269AF46EF28B0FC07487EE4F5D20FB3C0AF8E700F3A2FA3414970CBED44FEDFF80CE78D800F184BB82435D137AADA2C6C16523247930A63B85661D1FC817A51ACD96168E95898A1F83A79FFB529368AA7833ABD1B0C3AEDDB14D2E1A2F71D99F763F");
+    g = BN_new();
+    BN_set_word(g, 2);
+    q = BN_new();
+    BN_rshift1(q, p);
+
+    BN_bin2bn((const unsigned char *)secret, strlen(secret), bnsecret);
+
+    ctx = JPAKE_CTX_new(us, them, p, g, q, bnsecret);
+    BN_free(bnsecret);
+    BN_free(q);
+    BN_free(g);
+    BN_free(p);
+
+    return ctx;
+}
 
 static void jpake_send_part(BIO *conn, const JPAKE_STEP_PART *p)
-       {
-       BN_print(conn, p->gx);
-       BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
-       BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.gr);
-       BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
-       BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.b);
-       BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
-       }
+{
+    BN_print(conn, p->gx);
+    BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
+    BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.gr);
+    BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
+    BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.b);
+    BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
+}
 
 static void jpake_send_step1(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP1 s1;
-
-       JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
-       JPAKE_STEP1_generate(&s1, ctx);
-       jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p1);
-       jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p2);
-       (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
-       JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
-       }
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP1 s1;
+
+    JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
+    JPAKE_STEP1_generate(&s1, ctx);
+    jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p1);
+    jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p2);
+    (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
+    JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
+}
 
 static void jpake_send_step2(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP2 s2;
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP2 s2;
 
-       JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
-       JPAKE_STEP2_generate(&s2, ctx);
-       jpake_send_part(bconn, &s2);
-       (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
-       JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
-       }
+    JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
+    JPAKE_STEP2_generate(&s2, ctx);
+    jpake_send_part(bconn, &s2);
+    (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
+    JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
+}
 
 static void jpake_send_step3a(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;
 
-       JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
-       JPAKE_STEP3A_generate(&s3a, ctx);
-       BIO_write(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
-       (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
-       JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
-       }
+    JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
+    JPAKE_STEP3A_generate(&s3a, ctx);
+    BIO_write(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
+    (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
+    JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
+}
 
 static void jpake_send_step3b(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;
 
-       JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
-       JPAKE_STEP3B_generate(&s3b, ctx);
-       BIO_write(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
-       (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
-       JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
-       }
+    JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
+    JPAKE_STEP3B_generate(&s3b, ctx);
+    BIO_write(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
+    (void)BIO_flush(bconn);
+    JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
+}
 
 static void readbn(BIGNUM **bn, BIO *bconn)
-       {
-       char buf[10240];
-       int l;
-
-       l = BIO_gets(bconn, buf, sizeof buf);
-       assert(l > 0);
-       assert(buf[l-1] == '\n');
-       buf[l-1] = '\0';
-       BN_hex2bn(bn, buf);
-       }
+{
+    char buf[10240];
+    int l;
+
+    l = BIO_gets(bconn, buf, sizeof buf);
+    assert(l > 0);
+    assert(buf[l - 1] == '\n');
+    buf[l - 1] = '\0';
+    BN_hex2bn(bn, buf);
+}
 
 static void jpake_receive_part(JPAKE_STEP_PART *p, BIO *bconn)
-       {
-       readbn(&p->gx, bconn);
-       readbn(&p->zkpx.gr, bconn);
-       readbn(&p->zkpx.b, bconn);
-       }
+{
+    readbn(&p->gx, bconn);
+    readbn(&p->zkpx.gr, bconn);
+    readbn(&p->zkpx.b, bconn);
+}
 
 static void jpake_receive_step1(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP1 s1;
-
-       JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
-       jpake_receive_part(&s1.p1, bconn);
-       jpake_receive_part(&s1.p2, bconn);
-       if(!JPAKE_STEP1_process(ctx, &s1))
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               exit(1);
-               }
-       JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
-       }
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP1 s1;
+
+    JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
+    jpake_receive_part(&s1.p1, bconn);
+    jpake_receive_part(&s1.p2, bconn);
+    if (!JPAKE_STEP1_process(ctx, &s1)) {
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
+}
 
 static void jpake_receive_step2(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP2 s2;
-
-       JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
-       jpake_receive_part(&s2, bconn);
-       if(!JPAKE_STEP2_process(ctx, &s2))
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               exit(1);
-               }
-       JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
-       }
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP2 s2;
+
+    JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
+    jpake_receive_part(&s2, bconn);
+    if (!JPAKE_STEP2_process(ctx, &s2)) {
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
+}
 
 static void jpake_receive_step3a(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;
-       int l;
-
-       JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
-       l = BIO_read(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
-       assert(l == sizeof s3a.hhk);
-       if(!JPAKE_STEP3A_process(ctx, &s3a))
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               exit(1);
-               }
-       JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
-       }
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;
+    int l;
+
+    JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
+    l = BIO_read(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
+    assert(l == sizeof s3a.hhk);
+    if (!JPAKE_STEP3A_process(ctx, &s3a)) {
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
+}
 
 static void jpake_receive_step3b(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
-       {
-       JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;
-       int l;
-
-       JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
-       l = BIO_read(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
-       assert(l == sizeof s3b.hk);
-       if(!JPAKE_STEP3B_process(ctx, &s3b))
-               {
-               ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
-               exit(1);
-               }
-       JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
-       }
+{
+    JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;
+    int l;
+
+    JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
+    l = BIO_read(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
+    assert(l == sizeof s3b.hk);
+    if (!JPAKE_STEP3B_process(ctx, &s3b)) {
+        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
+}
 
 void jpake_client_auth(BIO *out, BIO *conn, const char *secret)
-       {
-       JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
-       BIO *bconn;
+{
+    JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
+    BIO *bconn;
 
-       BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");
+    BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");
 
-       ctx = jpake_init("client", "server", secret);
+    ctx = jpake_init("client", "server", secret);
 
-       bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
-       BIO_push(bconn, conn);
+    bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
+    BIO_push(bconn, conn);
 
-       jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
-       jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
-       jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
-       jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
-       jpake_send_step3a(bconn, ctx);
-       jpake_receive_step3b(ctx, bconn);
+    jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
+    jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
+    jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
+    jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
+    jpake_send_step3a(bconn, ctx);
+    jpake_receive_step3b(ctx, bconn);
 
-       BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");
+    BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");
 
-       psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));
+    OPENSSL_free(psk_key);
+    psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));
 
-       BIO_pop(bconn);
-       BIO_free(bconn);
+    BIO_pop(bconn);
+    BIO_free(bconn);
 
-       JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
-       }
+    JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
+}
 
 void jpake_server_auth(BIO *out, BIO *conn, const char *secret)
-       {
-       JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
-       BIO *bconn;
+{
+    JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
+    BIO *bconn;
 
-       BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");
+    BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");
 
-       ctx = jpake_init("server", "client", secret);
+    ctx = jpake_init("server", "client", secret);
 
-       bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
-       BIO_push(bconn, conn);
+    bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
+    BIO_push(bconn, conn);
 
-       jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
-       jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
-       jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
-       jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
-       jpake_receive_step3a(ctx, bconn);
-       jpake_send_step3b(bconn, ctx);
+    jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
+    jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
+    jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
+    jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
+    jpake_receive_step3a(ctx, bconn);
+    jpake_send_step3b(bconn, ctx);
 
-       BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");
+    BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");
 
-       psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));
+    OPENSSL_free(psk_key);
+    psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));
 
-       BIO_pop(bconn);
-       BIO_free(bconn);
+    BIO_pop(bconn);
+    BIO_free(bconn);
 
-       JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
-       }
+    JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
+}
 
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG)
-/* next_protos_parse parses a comma separated list of strings into a string
+/*-
+ * next_protos_parse parses a comma separated list of strings into a string
  * in a format suitable for passing to SSL_CTX_set_next_protos_advertised.
  *   outlen: (output) set to the length of the resulting buffer on success.
  *   err: (maybe NULL) on failure, an error message line is written to this BIO.
@@ -2751,39 +2223,134 @@ void jpake_server_auth(BIO *out, BIO *conn, const char *secret)
  *   returns: a malloced buffer or NULL on failure.
  */
 unsigned char *next_protos_parse(unsigned short *outlen, const char *in)
-       {
-       size_t len;
-       unsigned char *out;
-       size_t i, start = 0;
-
-       len = strlen(in);
-       if (len >= 65535)
-               return NULL;
-
-       out = OPENSSL_malloc(strlen(in) + 1);
-       if (!out)
-               return NULL;
-
-       for (i = 0; i <= len; ++i)
-               {
-               if (i == len || in[i] == ',')
-                       {
-                       if (i - start > 255)
-                               {
-                               OPENSSL_free(out);
-                               return NULL;
-                               }
-                       out[start] = i - start;
-                       start = i + 1;
-                       }
-               else
-                       out[i+1] = in[i];
-               }
-
-       *outlen = len + 1;
-       return out;
-       }
-#endif  /* !OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT && !OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG */
+{
+    size_t len;
+    unsigned char *out;
+    size_t i, start = 0;
+
+    len = strlen(in);
+    if (len >= 65535)
+        return NULL;
+
+    out = app_malloc(strlen(in) + 1, "NPN buffer");
+    for (i = 0; i <= len; ++i) {
+        if (i == len || in[i] == ',') {
+            if (i - start > 255) {
+                OPENSSL_free(out);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            out[start] = i - start;
+            start = i + 1;
+        } else
+            out[i + 1] = in[i];
+    }
+
+    *outlen = len + 1;
+    return out;
+}
+
+void print_cert_checks(BIO *bio, X509 *x,
+                       const char *checkhost,
+                       const char *checkemail, const char *checkip)
+{
+    if (x == NULL)
+        return;
+    if (checkhost) {
+        BIO_printf(bio, "Hostname %s does%s match certificate\n",
+                   checkhost,
+                   X509_check_host(x, checkhost, 0, 0, NULL) == 1
+                       ? "" : " NOT");
+    }
+
+    if (checkemail) {
+        BIO_printf(bio, "Email %s does%s match certificate\n",
+                   checkemail, X509_check_email(x, checkemail, 0, 0)
+                   ? "" : " NOT");
+    }
+
+    if (checkip) {
+        BIO_printf(bio, "IP %s does%s match certificate\n",
+                   checkip, X509_check_ip_asc(x, checkip, 0) ? "" : " NOT");
+    }
+}
+
+/* Get first http URL from a DIST_POINT structure */
+
+static const char *get_dp_url(DIST_POINT *dp)
+{
+    GENERAL_NAMES *gens;
+    GENERAL_NAME *gen;
+    int i, gtype;
+    ASN1_STRING *uri;
+    if (!dp->distpoint || dp->distpoint->type != 0)
+        return NULL;
+    gens = dp->distpoint->name.fullname;
+    for (i = 0; i < sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(gens); i++) {
+        gen = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(gens, i);
+        uri = GENERAL_NAME_get0_value(gen, &gtype);
+        if (gtype == GEN_URI && ASN1_STRING_length(uri) > 6) {
+            char *uptr = (char *)ASN1_STRING_data(uri);
+            if (strncmp(uptr, "http://", 7) == 0)
+                return uptr;
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Look through a CRLDP structure and attempt to find an http URL to
+ * downloads a CRL from.
+ */
+
+static X509_CRL *load_crl_crldp(STACK_OF(DIST_POINT) *crldp)
+{
+    int i;
+    const char *urlptr = NULL;
+    for (i = 0; i < sk_DIST_POINT_num(crldp); i++) {
+        DIST_POINT *dp = sk_DIST_POINT_value(crldp, i);
+        urlptr = get_dp_url(dp);
+        if (urlptr)
+            return load_crl(urlptr, FORMAT_HTTP);
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Example of downloading CRLs from CRLDP: not usable for real world as it
+ * always downloads, doesn't support non-blocking I/O and doesn't cache
+ * anything.
+ */
+
+static STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls_http_cb(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, X509_NAME *nm)
+{
+    X509 *x;
+    STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls = NULL;
+    X509_CRL *crl;
+    STACK_OF(DIST_POINT) *crldp;
+
+    crls = sk_X509_CRL_new_null();
+    if (!crls)
+        return NULL;
+    x = X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(ctx);
+    crldp = X509_get_ext_d2i(x, NID_crl_distribution_points, NULL, NULL);
+    crl = load_crl_crldp(crldp);
+    sk_DIST_POINT_pop_free(crldp, DIST_POINT_free);
+    if (!crl)
+        return NULL;
+    sk_X509_CRL_push(crls, crl);
+    /* Try to download delta CRL */
+    crldp = X509_get_ext_d2i(x, NID_freshest_crl, NULL, NULL);
+    crl = load_crl_crldp(crldp);
+    sk_DIST_POINT_pop_free(crldp, DIST_POINT_free);
+    if (crl)
+        sk_X509_CRL_push(crls, crl);
+    return crls;
+}
+
+void store_setup_crl_download(X509_STORE *st)
+{
+    X509_STORE_set_lookup_crls_cb(st, crls_http_cb);
+}
 
 /*
  * Platform-specific sections
@@ -2798,315 +2365,563 @@ unsigned char *next_protos_parse(unsigned short *outlen, const char *in)
 # include <tchar.h>
 
 static int WIN32_rename(const char *from, const char *to)
-       {
-       TCHAR  *tfrom=NULL,*tto;
-       DWORD   err;
-       int     ret=0;
-
-       if (sizeof(TCHAR) == 1)
-               {
-               tfrom = (TCHAR *)from;
-               tto   = (TCHAR *)to;
-               }
-       else    /* UNICODE path */
-               {
-               size_t i,flen=strlen(from)+1,tlen=strlen(to)+1;
-               tfrom = (TCHAR *)malloc(sizeof(TCHAR)*(flen+tlen));
-               if (tfrom==NULL) goto err;
-               tto=tfrom+flen;
-#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
-               if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,from,flen,(WCHAR *)tfrom,flen))
-#endif
-                       for (i=0;i<flen;i++)    tfrom[i]=(TCHAR)from[i];
-#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
-               if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,to,  tlen,(WCHAR *)tto,  tlen))
-#endif
-                       for (i=0;i<tlen;i++)    tto[i]  =(TCHAR)to[i];
-               }
-
-       if (MoveFile(tfrom,tto))        goto ok;
-       err=GetLastError();
-       if (err==ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS || err==ERROR_FILE_EXISTS)
-               {
-               if (DeleteFile(tto) && MoveFile(tfrom,tto))
-                       goto ok;
-               err=GetLastError();
-               }
-       if (err==ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND || err==ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND)
-               errno = ENOENT;
-       else if (err==ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
-               errno = EACCES;
-       else
-               errno = EINVAL; /* we could map more codes... */
-err:
-       ret=-1;
-ok:
-       if (tfrom!=NULL && tfrom!=(TCHAR *)from)        free(tfrom);
-       return ret;
-       }
+{
+    TCHAR *tfrom = NULL, *tto;
+    DWORD err;
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if (sizeof(TCHAR) == 1) {
+        tfrom = (TCHAR *)from;
+        tto = (TCHAR *)to;
+    } else {                    /* UNICODE path */
+
+        size_t i, flen = strlen(from) + 1, tlen = strlen(to) + 1;
+        tfrom = malloc(sizeof(*tfrom) * (flen + tlen));
+        if (tfrom == NULL)
+            goto err;
+        tto = tfrom + flen;
+# if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
+        if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, from, flen, (WCHAR *)tfrom, flen))
+# endif
+            for (i = 0; i < flen; i++)
+                tfrom[i] = (TCHAR)from[i];
+# if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
+        if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, to, tlen, (WCHAR *)tto, tlen))
+# endif
+            for (i = 0; i < tlen; i++)
+                tto[i] = (TCHAR)to[i];
+    }
+
+    if (MoveFile(tfrom, tto))
+        goto ok;
+    err = GetLastError();
+    if (err == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS || err == ERROR_FILE_EXISTS) {
+        if (DeleteFile(tto) && MoveFile(tfrom, tto))
+            goto ok;
+        err = GetLastError();
+    }
+    if (err == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND || err == ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND)
+        errno = ENOENT;
+    else if (err == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
+        errno = EACCES;
+    else
+        errno = EINVAL;         /* we could map more codes... */
+ err:
+    ret = -1;
+ ok:
+    if (tfrom != NULL && tfrom != (TCHAR *)from)
+        free(tfrom);
+    return ret;
+}
 #endif
 
 /* app_tminterval section */
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
-       {
-       FILETIME                now;
-       double                  ret=0;
-       static ULARGE_INTEGER   tmstart;
-       static int              warning=1;
-#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
-       static HANDLE           proc=NULL;
-
-       if (proc==NULL)
-               {
-               if (GetVersion() < 0x80000000)
-                       proc = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,FALSE,
-                                               GetCurrentProcessId());
-               if (proc==NULL) proc = (HANDLE)-1;
-               }
-
-       if (usertime && proc!=(HANDLE)-1)
-               {
-               FILETIME junk;
-               GetProcessTimes(proc,&junk,&junk,&junk,&now);
-               }
-       else
-#endif
-               {
-               SYSTEMTIME systime;
-
-               if (usertime && warning)
-                       {
-                       BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
-                                          "this program on idle system.\n");
-                       warning=0;
-                       }
-               GetSystemTime(&systime);
-               SystemTimeToFileTime(&systime,&now);
-               }
-
-       if (stop==TM_START)
-               {
-               tmstart.u.LowPart  = now.dwLowDateTime;
-               tmstart.u.HighPart = now.dwHighDateTime;
-               }
-       else    {
-               ULARGE_INTEGER tmstop;
-
-               tmstop.u.LowPart   = now.dwLowDateTime;
-               tmstop.u.HighPart  = now.dwHighDateTime;
-
-               ret = (__int64)(tmstop.QuadPart - tmstart.QuadPart)*1e-7;
-               }
-
-       return (ret);
-       }
-
-#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
-#include <time.h>
+double app_tminterval(int stop, int usertime)
+{
+    FILETIME now;
+    double ret = 0;
+    static ULARGE_INTEGER tmstart;
+    static int warning = 1;
+# ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
+    static HANDLE proc = NULL;
+
+    if (proc == NULL) {
+        if (check_winnt())
+            proc = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE,
+                               GetCurrentProcessId());
+        if (proc == NULL)
+            proc = (HANDLE) - 1;
+    }
+
+    if (usertime && proc != (HANDLE) - 1) {
+        FILETIME junk;
+        GetProcessTimes(proc, &junk, &junk, &junk, &now);
+    } else
+# endif
+    {
+        SYSTEMTIME systime;
 
-double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
-       {
-       double          ret=0;
-       static clock_t  tmstart;
-       static int      warning=1;
+        if (usertime && warning) {
+            BIO_printf(bio_err, "To get meaningful results, run "
+                       "this program on idle system.\n");
+            warning = 0;
+        }
+        GetSystemTime(&systime);
+        SystemTimeToFileTime(&systime, &now);
+    }
 
-       if (usertime && warning)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
-                                  "this program on idle system.\n");
-               warning=0;
-               }
+    if (stop == TM_START) {
+        tmstart.u.LowPart = now.dwLowDateTime;
+        tmstart.u.HighPart = now.dwHighDateTime;
+    } else {
+        ULARGE_INTEGER tmstop;
 
-       if (stop==TM_START)     tmstart = clock();
-       else                    ret     = (clock()-tmstart)/(double)CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
+        tmstop.u.LowPart = now.dwLowDateTime;
+        tmstop.u.HighPart = now.dwHighDateTime;
 
-       return (ret);
-       }
+        ret = (__int64)(tmstop.QuadPart - tmstart.QuadPart) * 1e-7;
+    }
 
-#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VXWORKS)
-#include <time.h>
-
-double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
-       {
-       double ret=0;
-#ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
-       static struct timespec  tmstart;
-       struct timespec         now;
-#else
-       static unsigned long    tmstart;
-       unsigned long           now;
-#endif
-       static int warning=1;
-
-       if (usertime && warning)
-               {
-               BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
-                                  "this program on idle system.\n");
-               warning=0;
-               }
-
-#ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
-       clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&now);
-       if (stop==TM_START)     tmstart = now;
-       else    ret = ( (now.tv_sec+now.tv_nsec*1e-9)
-                       - (tmstart.tv_sec+tmstart.tv_nsec*1e-9) );
-#else
-       now = tickGet();
-       if (stop==TM_START)     tmstart = now;
-       else                    ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)sysClkRateGet();
-#endif
-       return (ret);
-       }
+    return (ret);
+}
+#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
+# include <time.h>
 
-#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VMS)
-#include <time.h>
-#include <times.h>
-
-double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
-       {
-       static clock_t  tmstart;
-       double          ret = 0;
-       clock_t         now;
-#ifdef __TMS
-       struct tms      rus;
-
-       now = times(&rus);
-       if (usertime)   now = rus.tms_utime;
-#else
-       if (usertime)
-               now = clock(); /* sum of user and kernel times */
-       else    {
-               struct timeval tv;
-               gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);
-               now = (clock_t)(
-                       (unsigned long long)tv.tv_sec*CLK_TCK +
-                       (unsigned long long)tv.tv_usec*(1000000/CLK_TCK)
-                       );
-               }
-#endif
-       if (stop==TM_START)     tmstart = now;
-       else                    ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)(CLK_TCK);
+double app_tminterval(int stop, int usertime)
+{
+    static clock_t tmstart;
+    static int warning = 1;
+    double ret = 0;
+
+    if (usertime && warning) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "To get meaningful results, run "
+                   "this program on idle system.\n");
+        warning = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (stop == TM_START)
+        tmstart = clock();
+    else
+        ret = (clock() - tmstart) / (double)CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
+
+    return (ret);
+}
 
-       return (ret);
-       }
 
-#elif defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)     /* by means of unistd.h */
-#include <sys/times.h>
+#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VXWORKS)
+# include <time.h>
 
-double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
-       {
-       double          ret = 0;
-       struct tms      rus;
-       clock_t         now = times(&rus);
-       static clock_t  tmstart;
+double app_tminterval(int stop, int usertime)
+{
+    double ret = 0;
+# ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
+    static struct timespec tmstart;
+    struct timespec now;
+# else
+    static unsigned long tmstart;
+    unsigned long now;
+# endif
+    static int warning = 1;
+
+    if (usertime && warning) {
+        BIO_printf(bio_err, "To get meaningful results, run "
+                   "this program on idle system.\n");
+        warning = 0;
+    }
+# ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+    if (stop == TM_START)
+        tmstart = now;
+    else
+        ret = ((now.tv_sec + now.tv_nsec * 1e-9)
+               - (tmstart.tv_sec + tmstart.tv_nsec * 1e-9));
+# else
+    now = tickGet();
+    if (stop == TM_START)
+        tmstart = now;
+    else
+        ret = (now - tmstart) / (double)sysClkRateGet();
+# endif
+    return (ret);
+}
 
-       if (usertime)           now = rus.tms_utime;
+#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VMS)
+# include <time.h>
+# include <times.h>
 
-       if (stop==TM_START)     tmstart = now;
-       else
-               {
-               long int tck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
-               ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)tck;
-               }
+double app_tminterval(int stop, int usertime)
+{
+    static clock_t tmstart;
+    double ret = 0;
+    clock_t now;
+# ifdef __TMS
+    struct tms rus;
+
+    now = times(&rus);
+    if (usertime)
+        now = rus.tms_utime;
+# else
+    if (usertime)
+        now = clock();          /* sum of user and kernel times */
+    else {
+        struct timeval tv;
+        gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+        now = (clock_t)((unsigned long long)tv.tv_sec * CLK_TCK +
+                        (unsigned long long)tv.tv_usec * (1000000 / CLK_TCK)
+            );
+    }
+# endif
+    if (stop == TM_START)
+        tmstart = now;
+    else
+        ret = (now - tmstart) / (double)(CLK_TCK);
 
-       return (ret);
-       }
+    return (ret);
+}
 
-#else
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/resource.h>
+#elif defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)      /* by means of unistd.h */
+# include <sys/times.h>
 
-double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
-       {
-       double          ret = 0;
-       struct rusage   rus;
-       struct timeval  now;
-       static struct timeval tmstart;
+double app_tminterval(int stop, int usertime)
+{
+    double ret = 0;
+    struct tms rus;
+    clock_t now = times(&rus);
+    static clock_t tmstart;
+
+    if (usertime)
+        now = rus.tms_utime;
+
+    if (stop == TM_START)
+        tmstart = now;
+    else {
+        long int tck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
+        ret = (now - tmstart) / (double)tck;
+    }
+
+    return (ret);
+}
 
-       if (usertime)           getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF,&rus), now = rus.ru_utime;
-       else                    gettimeofday(&now,NULL);
+#else
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <sys/resource.h>
 
-       if (stop==TM_START)     tmstart = now;
-       else                    ret = ( (now.tv_sec+now.tv_usec*1e-6)
-                                       - (tmstart.tv_sec+tmstart.tv_usec*1e-6) );
+double app_tminterval(int stop, int usertime)
+{
+    double ret = 0;
+    struct rusage rus;
+    struct timeval now;
+    static struct timeval tmstart;
+
+    if (usertime)
+        getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &rus), now = rus.ru_utime;
+    else
+        gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+
+    if (stop == TM_START)
+        tmstart = now;
+    else
+        ret = ((now.tv_sec + now.tv_usec * 1e-6)
+               - (tmstart.tv_sec + tmstart.tv_usec * 1e-6));
+
+    return ret;
+}
+#endif
 
-       return ret;
-       }
+int app_access(const char* name, int flag)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    return _access(name, flag);
+#else
+    return access(name, flag);
 #endif
+}
+
+int app_hex(char c)
+{
+    switch (c) {
+    default:
+    case '0':
+        return 0;
+    case '1':
+        return 1;
+    case '2':
+        return 2;
+    case '3':
+        return 3;
+    case '4':
+          return 4;
+    case '5':
+          return 5;
+    case '6':
+          return 6;
+    case '7':
+          return 7;
+    case '8':
+          return 8;
+    case '9':
+          return 9;
+    case 'a': case 'A':
+          return 0x0A;
+    case 'b': case 'B':
+          return 0x0B;
+    case 'c': case 'C':
+          return 0x0C;
+    case 'd': case 'D':
+          return 0x0D;
+    case 'e': case 'E':
+          return 0x0E;
+    case 'f': case 'F':
+          return 0x0F;
+    }
+}
 
 /* app_isdir section */
 #ifdef _WIN32
 int app_isdir(const char *name)
-       {
-       HANDLE          hList;
-       WIN32_FIND_DATA FileData;
-#if defined(UNICODE) || defined(_UNICODE)
-       size_t i, len_0 = strlen(name)+1;
-
-       if (len_0 > sizeof(FileData.cFileName)/sizeof(FileData.cFileName[0]))
-               return -1;
-
-#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
-       if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,name,len_0,FileData.cFileName,len_0))
-#endif
-               for (i=0;i<len_0;i++)
-                       FileData.cFileName[i] = (WCHAR)name[i];
-
-       hList = FindFirstFile(FileData.cFileName,&FileData);
-#else
-       hList = FindFirstFile(name,&FileData);
-#endif
-       if (hList == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)      return -1;
-       FindClose(hList);
-       return ((FileData.dwFileAttributes&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)!=0);
-       }
+{
+    HANDLE hList;
+    WIN32_FIND_DATA FileData;
+# if defined(UNICODE) || defined(_UNICODE)
+    size_t i, len_0 = strlen(name) + 1;
+
+    if (len_0 > OSSL_NELEM(FileData.cFileName))
+        return -1;
+
+#  if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
+    if (!MultiByteToWideChar
+        (CP_ACP, 0, name, len_0, FileData.cFileName, len_0))
+#  endif
+        for (i = 0; i < len_0; i++)
+            FileData.cFileName[i] = (WCHAR)name[i];
+
+    hList = FindFirstFile(FileData.cFileName, &FileData);
+# else
+    hList = FindFirstFile(name, &FileData);
+# endif
+    if (hList == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+        return -1;
+    FindClose(hList);
+    return ((FileData.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0);
+}
 #else
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#ifndef S_ISDIR
-# if defined(_S_IFMT) && defined(_S_IFDIR)
-#  define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & _S_IFMT) == _S_IFDIR)
-# else 
-#  define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
-# endif 
-#endif 
+# include <sys/stat.h>
+# ifndef S_ISDIR
+#  if defined(_S_IFMT) && defined(_S_IFDIR)
+#   define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & _S_IFMT) == _S_IFDIR)
+#  else
+#   define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
+#  endif
+# endif
 
 int app_isdir(const char *name)
-       {
-#if defined(S_ISDIR)
-       struct stat st;
-
-       if (stat(name,&st)==0)  return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
-       else                    return -1;
-#else
-       return -1;
-#endif
-       }
+{
+# if defined(S_ISDIR)
+    struct stat st;
+
+    if (stat(name, &st) == 0)
+        return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
+    else
+        return -1;
+# else
+    return -1;
+# endif
+}
 #endif
 
 /* raw_read|write section */
 #if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
-int raw_read_stdin(void *buf,int siz)
-       {
-       DWORD n;
-       if (ReadFile(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE),buf,siz,&n,NULL))
-               return (n);
-       else    return (-1);
-       }
+int raw_read_stdin(void *buf, int siz)
+{
+    DWORD n;
+    if (ReadFile(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE), buf, siz, &n, NULL))
+        return (n);
+    else
+        return (-1);
+}
 #else
-int raw_read_stdin(void *buf,int siz)
-       {       return read(fileno(stdin),buf,siz);     }
+int raw_read_stdin(void *buf, int siz)
+{
+    return read(fileno(stdin), buf, siz);
+}
 #endif
 
 #if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
-int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf,int siz)
-       {
-       DWORD n;
-       if (WriteFile(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),buf,siz,&n,NULL))
-               return (n);
-       else    return (-1);
-       }
+int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf, int siz)
+{
+    DWORD n;
+    if (WriteFile(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), buf, siz, &n, NULL))
+        return (n);
+    else
+        return (-1);
+}
 #else
-int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf,int siz)
-       {       return write(fileno(stdout),buf,siz);   }
+int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf, int siz)
+{
+    return write(fileno(stdout), buf, siz);
+}
 #endif
+
+/*
+ * Centralized handling if input and output files with format specification
+ * The format is meant to show what the input and output is supposed to be,
+ * and is therefore a show of intent more than anything else.  However, it
+ * does impact behavior on some platform, such as differentiating between
+ * text and binary input/output on non-Unix platforms
+ */
+static int istext(int format)
+{
+    return (format & B_FORMAT_TEXT) == B_FORMAT_TEXT;
+}
+
+BIO *dup_bio_in(int format)
+{
+    return BIO_new_fp(stdin,
+                      BIO_NOCLOSE | (istext(format) ? BIO_FP_TEXT : 0));
+}
+
+BIO *dup_bio_out(int format)
+{
+    BIO *b = BIO_new_fp(stdout,
+                        BIO_NOCLOSE | (istext(format) ? BIO_FP_TEXT : 0));
+#ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
+    if (istext(format))
+        b = BIO_push(BIO_new(BIO_f_linebuffer()), b);
+#endif
+    return b;
+}
+
+void unbuffer(FILE *fp)
+{
+    setbuf(fp, NULL);
+}
+
+static const char *modestr(char mode, int format)
+{
+    OPENSSL_assert(mode == 'a' || mode == 'r' || mode == 'w');
+
+    switch (mode) {
+    case 'a':
+        return istext(format) ? "a" : "ab";
+    case 'r':
+        return istext(format) ? "r" : "rb";
+    case 'w':
+        return istext(format) ? "w" : "wb";
+    }
+    /* The assert above should make sure we never reach this point */
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static const char *modeverb(char mode)
+{
+    switch (mode) {
+    case 'a':
+        return "appending";
+    case 'r':
+        return "reading";
+    case 'w':
+        return "writing";
+    }
+    return "(doing something)";
+}
+
+/*
+ * Open a file for writing, owner-read-only.
+ */
+BIO *bio_open_owner(const char *filename, int format, int private)
+{
+    FILE *fp = NULL;
+    BIO *b = NULL;
+    int fd = -1, bflags, mode, textmode;
+
+    if (!private || filename == NULL || strcmp(filename, "-") == 0)
+        return bio_open_default(filename, 'w', format);
+
+    mode = O_WRONLY;
+#ifdef O_CREAT
+    mode |= O_CREAT;
+#endif
+#ifdef O_TRUNC
+    mode |= O_TRUNC;
+#endif
+    textmode = istext(format);
+    if (!textmode) {
+#ifdef O_BINARY
+        mode |= O_BINARY;
+#elif defined(_O_BINARY)
+        mode |= _O_BINARY;
+#endif
+    }
+
+#ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
+    /* VMS doesn't have O_BINARY, it just doesn't make sense.  But,
+     * it still needs to know that we're going binary, or fdopen()
+     * will fail with "invalid argument"...  so we tell VMS what the
+     * context is.
+     */
+    if (!textmode)
+        fd = open(filename, mode, 0600, "ctx=bin");
+    else
+#endif
+        fd = open(filename, mode, 0600);
+    if (fd < 0)
+        goto err;
+    fp = fdopen(fd, modestr('w', format));
+    if (fp == NULL)
+        goto err;
+    bflags = BIO_CLOSE;
+    if (textmode)
+        bflags |= BIO_FP_TEXT;
+    b = BIO_new_fp(fp, bflags);
+    if (b)
+        return b;
+
+ err:
+    BIO_printf(bio_err, "%s: Can't open \"%s\" for writing, %s\n",
+               opt_getprog(), filename, strerror(errno));
+    ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+    /* If we have fp, then fdopen took over fd, so don't close both. */
+    if (fp)
+        fclose(fp);
+    else if (fd >= 0)
+        close(fd);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static BIO *bio_open_default_(const char *filename, char mode, int format,
+                              int quiet)
+{
+    BIO *ret;
+
+    if (filename == NULL || strcmp(filename, "-") == 0) {
+        ret = mode == 'r' ? dup_bio_in(format) : dup_bio_out(format);
+        if (quiet) {
+            ERR_clear_error();
+            return ret;
+        }
+        if (ret != NULL)
+            return ret;
+        BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                   "Can't open %s, %s\n",
+                   mode == 'r' ? "stdin" : "stdout", strerror(errno));
+    } else {
+        ret = BIO_new_file(filename, modestr(mode, format));
+        if (quiet) {
+            ERR_clear_error();
+            return ret;
+        }
+        if (ret != NULL)
+            return ret;
+        BIO_printf(bio_err,
+                   "Can't open %s for %s, %s\n",
+                   filename, modeverb(mode), strerror(errno));
+    }
+    ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+BIO *bio_open_default(const char *filename, char mode, int format)
+{
+    return bio_open_default_(filename, mode, format, 0);
+}
+
+BIO *bio_open_default_quiet(const char *filename, char mode, int format)
+{
+    return bio_open_default_(filename, mode, format, 1);
+}
+
+void wait_for_async(SSL *s)
+{
+    int width, fd;
+    fd_set asyncfds;
+
+    fd = SSL_get_async_wait_fd(s);
+    if (fd < 0)
+        return;
+
+    width = fd + 1;
+    FD_ZERO(&asyncfds);
+    openssl_fdset(fd, &asyncfds);
+    select(width, (void *)&asyncfds, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}