5 Changes between 1.0.2f and 1.1.0 [xx XXX xxxx]
7 *) RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_1 now accepts inputs with and without
11 *) CRIME protection: disable compression by default, even if OpenSSL is
12 compiled with zlib enabled. Applications can still enable compression
13 by calling SSL_CTX_clear_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION), or by
14 using the SSL_CONF library to configure compression.
17 *) The signature of the session callback configured with
18 SSL_CTX_sess_set_get_cb was changed. The read-only input buffer
19 was explicitly marked as 'const unsigned char*' instead of
23 *) Always DPURIFY. Remove the use of uninitialized memory in the
24 RNG, and other conditional uses of DPURIFY. This makes -DPURIFY a no-op.
27 *) Removed many obsolete configuration items, including
28 DES_PTR, DES_RISC1, DES_RISC2, DES_INT
29 MD2_CHAR, MD2_INT, MD2_LONG
32 RC2_SHORT, RC2_LONG, RC4_LONG, RC4_CHUNK, RC4_INDEX
33 [Rich Salz, with advice from Andy Polyakov]
35 *) Many BN internals have been moved to an internal header file.
36 [Rich Salz with help from Andy Polyakov]
38 *) Configuration and writing out the results from it has changed.
39 Files such as Makefile include/openssl/opensslconf.h and are now
40 produced through general templates, such as Makefile.in and
41 crypto/opensslconf.h.in and some help from the perl module
44 Also, the center of configuration information is no longer
45 Makefile. Instead, Configure produces a perl module in
46 configdata.pm which holds most of the config data (in the hash
47 table %config), the target data that comes from the target
48 configuration in one of the Configurations/*.conf files (in
52 *) To clarify their intended purposes, the Configure options
53 --prefix and --openssldir change their semantics, and become more
54 straightforward and less interdependent.
56 --prefix shall be used exclusively to give the location INSTALLTOP
57 where programs, scripts, libraries, include files and manuals are
58 going to be installed. The default is now /usr/local.
60 --openssldir shall be used exclusively to give the default
61 location OPENSSLDIR where certificates, private keys, CRLs are
62 managed. This is also where the default openssl.cnf gets
64 If the directory given with this option is a relative path, the
65 values of both the --prefix value and the --openssldir value will
66 be combined to become OPENSSLDIR.
67 The default for --openssldir is INSTALLTOP/ssl.
69 Anyone who uses --openssldir to specify where OpenSSL is to be
70 installed MUST change to use --prefix instead.
73 *) The GOST engine was out of date and therefore it has been removed. An up
74 to date GOST engine is now being maintained in an external repository.
75 See: https://wiki.openssl.org/index.php/Binaries. Libssl still retains
76 support for GOST ciphersuites (these are only activated if a GOST engine
80 *) EGD is no longer supported by default; use enable-egd when
82 [Ben Kaduk and Rich Salz]
84 *) The distribution now has Makefile.in files, which are used to
85 create Makefile's when Configure is run. *Configure must be run
86 before trying to build now.*
89 *) The return value for SSL_CIPHER_description() for error conditions
93 *) Support for RFC6698/RFC7671 DANE TLSA peer authentication.
95 Obtaining and performing DNSSEC validation of TLSA records is
96 the application's responsibility. The application provides
97 the TLSA records of its choice to OpenSSL, and these are then
98 used to authenticate the peer.
100 The TLSA records need not even come from DNS. They can, for
101 example, be used to implement local end-entity certificate or
102 trust-anchor "pinning", where the "pin" data takes the form
103 of TLSA records, which can augment or replace verification
104 based on the usual WebPKI public certification authorities.
107 *) Revert default OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED setting. Instead OpenSSL
108 continues to support deprecated interfaces in default builds.
109 However, applications are strongly advised to compile their
110 source files with -DOPENSSL_API_COMPAT=0x10100000L, which hides
111 the declarations of all interfaces deprecated in 0.9.8, 1.0.0
112 or the 1.1.0 releases.
114 In environments in which all applications have been ported to
115 not use any deprecated interfaces OpenSSL's Configure script
116 should be used with the --api=1.1.0 option to entirely remove
117 support for the deprecated features from the library and
118 unconditionally disable them in the installed headers.
119 Essentially the same effect can be achieved with the "no-deprecated"
120 argument to Configure, except that this will always restrict
121 the build to just the latest API, rather than a fixed API
124 As applications are ported to future revisions of the API,
125 they should update their compile-time OPENSSL_API_COMPAT define
126 accordingly, but in most cases should be able to continue to
127 compile with later releases.
129 The OPENSSL_API_COMPAT versions for 1.0.0, and 0.9.8 are
130 0x10000000L and 0x00908000L, respectively. However those
131 versions did not support the OPENSSL_API_COMPAT feature, and
132 so applications are not typically tested for explicit support
133 of just the undeprecated features of either release.
136 *) Add support for setting the minimum and maximum supported protocol.
137 It can bet set via the SSL_set_min_proto_version() and
138 SSL_set_max_proto_version(), or via the SSL_CONF's MinProtocol and
139 MaxProtcol. It's recommended to use the new APIs to disable
140 protocols instead of disabling individual protocols using
141 SSL_set_options() or SSL_CONF's Protocol. This change also
142 removes support for disabling TLS 1.2 in the OpenSSL TLS
143 client at compile time by defining OPENSSL_NO_TLS1_2_CLIENT.
146 *) Support for ChaCha20 and Poly1305 added to libcrypto and libssl.
149 *) New EC_KEY_METHOD, this replaces the older ECDSA_METHOD and ECDH_METHOD
150 and integrates ECDSA and ECDH functionality into EC. Implementations can
151 now redirect key generation and no longer need to convert to or from
154 Note: the ecdsa.h and ecdh.h headers are now no longer needed and just
155 include the ec.h header file instead.
158 *) Remove support for all 40 and 56 bit ciphers. This includes all the export
159 ciphers who are no longer supported and drops support the ephemeral RSA key
160 exchange. The LOW ciphers currently doesn't have any ciphers in it.
163 *) Made EVP_MD_CTX, EVP_MD, EVP_CIPHER_CTX, EVP_CIPHER and HMAC_CTX
164 opaque. For HMAC_CTX, the following constructors and destructors
167 HMAC_CTX *HMAC_CTX_new(void);
168 void HMAC_CTX_free(HMAC_CTX *ctx);
170 For EVP_MD and EVP_CIPHER, complete APIs to create, fill and
171 destroy such methods has been added. See EVP_MD_meth_new(3) and
172 EVP_CIPHER_meth_new(3) for documentation.
175 1) EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup(), EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup() and
176 HMAC_CTX_cleanup() were removed. HMAC_CTX_reset() and
177 EVP_MD_CTX_reset() should be called instead to reinitialise
178 an already created structure.
179 2) For consistency with the majority of our object creators and
180 destructors, EVP_MD_CTX_(create|destroy) were renamed to
181 EVP_MD_CTX_(new|free). The old names are retained as macros
182 for deprecated builds.
185 *) Added ASYNC support. Libcrypto now includes the async sub-library to enable
186 cryptographic operations to be performed asynchronously as long as an
187 asynchronous capable engine is used. See the ASYNC_start_job() man page for
188 further details. Libssl has also had this capability integrated with the
189 introduction of the new mode SSL_MODE_ASYNC and associated error
190 SSL_ERROR_WANT_ASYNC. See the SSL_CTX_set_mode() and SSL_get_error() man
191 pages. This work was developed in partnership with Intel Corp.
194 *) SSL_{CTX_}set_ecdh_auto() has been removed and ECDH is support is
195 always enabled now. If you want to disable the support you should
196 exclude it using the list of supported ciphers. This also means that the
197 "-no_ecdhe" option has been removed from s_server.
200 *) SSL_{CTX}_set_tmp_ecdh() which can set 1 EC curve now internally calls
201 SSL_{CTX_}set1_curves() which can set a list.
204 *) Remove support for SSL_{CTX_}set_tmp_ecdh_callback(). You should set the
205 curve you want to support using SSL_{CTX_}set1_curves().
208 *) State machine rewrite. The state machine code has been significantly
209 refactored in order to remove much duplication of code and solve issues
210 with the old code (see ssl/statem/README for further details). This change
211 does have some associated API changes. Notably the SSL_state() function
212 has been removed and replaced by SSL_get_state which now returns an
213 "OSSL_HANDSHAKE_STATE" instead of an int. SSL_set_state() has been removed
214 altogether. The previous handshake states defined in ssl.h and ssl3.h have
218 *) All instances of the string "ssleay" in the public API were replaced
219 with OpenSSL (case-matching; e.g., OPENSSL_VERSION for #define's)
220 Some error codes related to internal RSA_eay API's were renamed.
223 *) The demo files in crypto/threads were moved to demo/threads.
226 *) Removed obsolete engines: 4758cca, aep, atalla, cswift, nuron, gmp,
228 [Matt Caswell, Rich Salz]
230 *) New ASN.1 embed macro.
232 New ASN.1 macro ASN1_EMBED. This is the same as ASN1_SIMPLE except the
233 structure is not allocated: it is part of the parent. That is instead of
241 This reduces memory fragmentation and make it impossible to accidentally
242 set a mandatory field to NULL.
244 This currently only works for some fields specifically a SEQUENCE, CHOICE,
245 or ASN1_STRING type which is part of a parent SEQUENCE. Since it is
246 equivalent to ASN1_SIMPLE it cannot be tagged, OPTIONAL, SET OF or
250 *) Remove EVP_CHECK_DES_KEY, a compile-time option that never compiled.
253 *) Removed DES and RC4 ciphersuites from DEFAULT. Also removed RC2 although
254 in 1.0.2 EXPORT was already removed and the only RC2 ciphersuite is also
255 an EXPORT one. COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT has been updated accordingly to add
256 DES and RC4 ciphersuites.
259 *) Rewrite EVP_DecodeUpdate (base64 decoding) to fix several bugs.
260 This changes the decoding behaviour for some invalid messages,
261 though the change is mostly in the more lenient direction, and
262 legacy behaviour is preserved as much as possible.
265 *) Fix no-stdio build.
266 [ David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com> and also
267 Ivan Nestlerode <ivan.nestlerode@sonos.com> ]
269 *) New testing framework
270 The testing framework has been largely rewritten and is now using
271 perl and the perl modules Test::Harness and an extended variant of
272 Test::More called OpenSSL::Test to do its work. All test scripts in
273 test/ have been rewritten into test recipes, and all direct calls to
274 executables in test/Makefile have become individual recipes using the
275 simplified testing OpenSSL::Test::Simple.
277 For documentation on our testing modules, do:
279 perldoc test/testlib/OpenSSL/Test/Simple.pm
280 perldoc test/testlib/OpenSSL/Test.pm
284 *) Revamped memory debug; only -DCRYPTO_MDEBUG and -DCRYPTO_MDEBUG_ABORT
285 are used; the latter aborts on memory leaks (usually checked on exit).
286 Some undocumented "set malloc, etc., hooks" functions were removed
287 and others were changed. All are now documented.
290 *) In DSA_generate_parameters_ex, if the provided seed is too short,
292 [Rich Salz and Ismo Puustinen <ismo.puustinen@intel.com>]
294 *) Rewrite PSK to support ECDHE_PSK, DHE_PSK and RSA_PSK. Add ciphersuites
295 from RFC4279, RFC4785, RFC5487, RFC5489.
297 Thanks to Christian J. Dietrich and Giuseppe D'Angelo for the
298 original RSA_PSK patch.
301 *) Dropped support for the SSL3_FLAGS_DELAY_CLIENT_FINISHED flag. This SSLeay
302 era flag was never set throughout the codebase (only read). Also removed
303 SSL3_FLAGS_POP_BUFFER which was only used if
304 SSL3_FLAGS_DELAY_CLIENT_FINISHED was also set.
307 *) Changed the default name options in the "ca", "crl", "req" and "x509"
308 to be "oneline" instead of "compat".
311 *) Remove SSL_OP_TLS_BLOCK_PADDING_BUG. This is SSLeay legacy, we're
312 not aware of clients that still exhibit this bug, and the workaround
313 hasn't been working properly for a while.
316 *) The return type of BIO_number_read() and BIO_number_written() as well as
317 the corresponding num_read and num_write members in the BIO structure has
318 changed from unsigned long to uint64_t. On platforms where an unsigned
319 long is 32 bits (e.g. Windows) these counters could overflow if >4Gb is
323 *) Given the pervasive nature of TLS extensions it is inadvisable to run
324 OpenSSL without support for them. It also means that maintaining
325 the OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT option within the code is very invasive (and probably
326 not well tested). Therefore the OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT option has been removed.
329 *) Removed support for the two export grade static DH ciphersuites
330 EXP-DH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA and EXP-DH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA. These two ciphersuites
331 were newly added (along with a number of other static DH ciphersuites) to
332 1.0.2. However the two export ones have *never* worked since they were
333 introduced. It seems strange in any case to be adding new export
334 ciphersuites, and given "logjam" it also does not seem correct to fix them.
337 *) Version negotiation has been rewritten. In particular SSLv23_method(),
338 SSLv23_client_method() and SSLv23_server_method() have been deprecated,
339 and turned into macros which simply call the new preferred function names
340 TLS_method(), TLS_client_method() and TLS_server_method(). All new code
341 should use the new names instead. Also as part of this change the ssl23.h
342 header file has been removed.
345 *) Support for Kerberos ciphersuites in TLS (RFC2712) has been removed. This
346 code and the associated standard is no longer considered fit-for-purpose.
349 *) RT2547 was closed. When generating a private key, try to make the
350 output file readable only by the owner. This behavior change might
351 be noticeable when interacting with other software.
353 *) Documented all exdata functions. Added CRYPTO_free_ex_index.
357 *) Added HTTP GET support to the ocsp command.
360 *) Changed default digest for the dgst and enc commands from MD5 to
364 *) RAND_pseudo_bytes has been deprecated. Users should use RAND_bytes instead.
367 *) Added support for TLS extended master secret from
368 draft-ietf-tls-session-hash-03.txt. Thanks for Alfredo Pironti for an
369 initial patch which was a great help during development.
372 *) All libssl internal structures have been removed from the public header
373 files, and the OPENSSL_NO_SSL_INTERN option has been removed (since it is
374 now redundant). Users should not attempt to access internal structures
375 directly. Instead they should use the provided API functions.
378 *) config has been changed so that by default OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED is used.
379 Access to deprecated functions can be re-enabled by running config with
380 "enable-deprecated". In addition applications wishing to use deprecated
381 functions must define OPENSSL_USE_DEPRECATED. Note that this new behaviour
382 will, by default, disable some transitive includes that previously existed
383 in the header files (e.g. ec.h will no longer, by default, include bn.h)
386 *) Added support for OCB mode. OpenSSL has been granted a patent license
387 compatible with the OpenSSL license for use of OCB. Details are available
388 at https://www.openssl.org/source/OCB-patent-grant-OpenSSL.pdf. Support
389 for OCB can be removed by calling config with no-ocb.
392 *) SSLv2 support has been removed. It still supports receiving a SSLv2
393 compatible client hello.
396 *) Increased the minimal RSA keysize from 256 to 512 bits [Rich Salz],
397 done while fixing the error code for the key-too-small case.
398 [Annie Yousar <a.yousar@informatik.hu-berlin.de>]
400 *) CA.sh has been removmed; use CA.pl instead.
403 *) Removed old DES API.
406 *) Remove various unsupported platforms:
412 Sinix/ReliantUNIX RM400
417 16-bit platforms such as WIN16
420 *) Clean up OPENSSL_NO_xxx #define's
421 Use setbuf() and remove OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
422 Rename OPENSSL_SYSNAME_xxx to OPENSSL_SYS_xxx
423 OPENSSL_NO_EC{DH,DSA} merged into OPENSSL_NO_EC
424 OPENSSL_NO_RIPEMD160, OPENSSL_NO_RIPEMD merged into OPENSSL_NO_RMD160
425 OPENSSL_NO_FP_API merged into OPENSSL_NO_STDIO
426 Remove OPENSSL_NO_BIO OPENSSL_NO_BUFFER OPENSSL_NO_CHAIN_VERIFY
427 OPENSSL_NO_EVP OPENSSL_NO_FIPS_ERR OPENSSL_NO_HASH_COMP
428 OPENSSL_NO_LHASH OPENSSL_NO_OBJECT OPENSSL_NO_SPEED OPENSSL_NO_STACK
429 OPENSSL_NO_X509 OPENSSL_NO_X509_VERIFY
430 Remove MS_STATIC; it's a relic from platforms <32 bits.
433 *) Cleaned up dead code
434 Remove all but one '#ifdef undef' which is to be looked at.
437 *) Clean up calling of xxx_free routines.
438 Just like free(), fix most of the xxx_free routines to accept
439 NULL. Remove the non-null checks from callers. Save much code.
442 *) Add secure heap for storage of private keys (when possible).
443 Add BIO_s_secmem(), CBIGNUM, etc.
444 Contributed by Akamai Technologies under our Corporate CLA.
447 *) Experimental support for a new, fast, unbiased prime candidate generator,
448 bn_probable_prime_dh_coprime(). Not currently used by any prime generator.
449 [Felix Laurie von Massenbach <felix@erbridge.co.uk>]
451 *) New output format NSS in the sess_id command line tool. This allows
452 exporting the session id and the master key in NSS keylog format.
453 [Martin Kaiser <martin@kaiser.cx>]
455 *) Harmonize version and its documentation. -f flag is used to display
457 [mancha <mancha1@zoho.com>]
459 *) Fix eckey_priv_encode so it immediately returns an error upon a failure
460 in i2d_ECPrivateKey. Thanks to Ted Unangst for feedback on this issue.
461 [mancha <mancha1@zoho.com>]
463 *) Fix some double frees. These are not thought to be exploitable.
464 [mancha <mancha1@zoho.com>]
466 *) A missing bounds check in the handling of the TLS heartbeat extension
467 can be used to reveal up to 64k of memory to a connected client or
470 Thanks for Neel Mehta of Google Security for discovering this bug and to
471 Adam Langley <agl@chromium.org> and Bodo Moeller <bmoeller@acm.org> for
472 preparing the fix (CVE-2014-0160)
473 [Adam Langley, Bodo Moeller]
475 *) Fix for the attack described in the paper "Recovering OpenSSL
476 ECDSA Nonces Using the FLUSH+RELOAD Cache Side-channel Attack"
477 by Yuval Yarom and Naomi Benger. Details can be obtained from:
478 http://eprint.iacr.org/2014/140
480 Thanks to Yuval Yarom and Naomi Benger for discovering this
481 flaw and to Yuval Yarom for supplying a fix (CVE-2014-0076)
482 [Yuval Yarom and Naomi Benger]
484 *) Use algorithm specific chains in SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file():
485 this fixes a limitation in previous versions of OpenSSL.
488 *) Experimental encrypt-then-mac support.
490 Experimental support for encrypt then mac from
491 draft-gutmann-tls-encrypt-then-mac-02.txt
493 To enable it set the appropriate extension number (0x42 for the test
494 server) using e.g. -DTLSEXT_TYPE_encrypt_then_mac=0x42
496 For non-compliant peers (i.e. just about everything) this should have no
499 WARNING: EXPERIMENTAL, SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
503 *) Add EVP support for key wrapping algorithms, to avoid problems with
504 existing code the flag EVP_CIPHER_CTX_WRAP_ALLOW has to be set in
505 the EVP_CIPHER_CTX or an error is returned. Add AES and DES3 wrap
506 algorithms and include tests cases.
509 *) Extend CMS code to support RSA-PSS signatures and RSA-OAEP for
513 *) Extended RSA OAEP support via EVP_PKEY API. Options to specify digest,
514 MGF1 digest and OAEP label.
517 *) Make openssl verify return errors.
518 [Chris Palmer <palmer@google.com> and Ben Laurie]
520 *) New function ASN1_TIME_diff to calculate the difference between two
521 ASN1_TIME structures or one structure and the current time.
524 *) Update fips_test_suite to support multiple command line options. New
525 test to induce all self test errors in sequence and check expected
529 *) Add FIPS_{rsa,dsa,ecdsa}_{sign,verify} functions which digest and
530 sign or verify all in one operation.
533 *) Add fips_algvs: a multicall fips utility incorporating all the algorithm
534 test programs and fips_test_suite. Includes functionality to parse
535 the minimal script output of fipsalgest.pl directly.
538 *) Add authorisation parameter to FIPS_module_mode_set().
541 *) Add FIPS selftest for ECDH algorithm using P-224 and B-233 curves.
544 *) Use separate DRBG fields for internal and external flags. New function
545 FIPS_drbg_health_check() to perform on demand health checking. Add
546 generation tests to fips_test_suite with reduced health check interval to
547 demonstrate periodic health checking. Add "nodh" option to
548 fips_test_suite to skip very slow DH test.
551 *) New function FIPS_get_cipherbynid() to lookup FIPS supported ciphers
555 *) More extensive health check for DRBG checking many more failure modes.
556 New function FIPS_selftest_drbg_all() to handle every possible DRBG
557 combination: call this in fips_test_suite.
560 *) Add support for Dual EC DRBG from SP800-90. Update DRBG algorithm test
561 and POST to handle Dual EC cases.
564 *) Add support for canonical generation of DSA parameter 'g'. See
567 *) Add support for HMAC DRBG from SP800-90. Update DRBG algorithm test and
568 POST to handle HMAC cases.
571 *) Add functions FIPS_module_version() and FIPS_module_version_text()
572 to return numerical and string versions of the FIPS module number.
575 *) Rename FIPS_mode_set and FIPS_mode to FIPS_module_mode_set and
576 FIPS_module_mode. FIPS_mode and FIPS_mode_set will be implemented
577 outside the validated module in the FIPS capable OpenSSL.
580 *) Minor change to DRBG entropy callback semantics. In some cases
581 there is no multiple of the block length between min_len and
582 max_len. Allow the callback to return more than max_len bytes
583 of entropy but discard any extra: it is the callback's responsibility
584 to ensure that the extra data discarded does not impact the
585 requested amount of entropy.
588 *) Add PRNG security strength checks to RSA, DSA and ECDSA using
589 information in FIPS186-3, SP800-57 and SP800-131A.
592 *) CCM support via EVP. Interface is very similar to GCM case except we
593 must supply all data in one chunk (i.e. no update, final) and the
594 message length must be supplied if AAD is used. Add algorithm test
598 *) Initial version of POST overhaul. Add POST callback to allow the status
599 of POST to be monitored and/or failures induced. Modify fips_test_suite
600 to use callback. Always run all selftests even if one fails.
603 *) XTS support including algorithm test driver in the fips_gcmtest program.
604 Note: this does increase the maximum key length from 32 to 64 bytes but
605 there should be no binary compatibility issues as existing applications
606 will never use XTS mode.
609 *) Extensive reorganisation of FIPS PRNG behaviour. Remove all dependencies
610 to OpenSSL RAND code and replace with a tiny FIPS RAND API which also
611 performs algorithm blocking for unapproved PRNG types. Also do not
612 set PRNG type in FIPS_mode_set(): leave this to the application.
613 Add default OpenSSL DRBG handling: sets up FIPS PRNG and seeds with
614 the standard OpenSSL PRNG: set additional data to a date time vector.
617 *) Rename old X9.31 PRNG functions of the form FIPS_rand* to FIPS_x931*.
618 This shouldn't present any incompatibility problems because applications
619 shouldn't be using these directly and any that are will need to rethink
620 anyway as the X9.31 PRNG is now deprecated by FIPS 140-2
623 *) Extensive self tests and health checking required by SP800-90 DRBG.
624 Remove strength parameter from FIPS_drbg_instantiate and always
625 instantiate at maximum supported strength.
628 *) Add ECDH code to fips module and fips_ecdhvs for primitives only testing.
631 *) New algorithm test program fips_dhvs to handle DH primitives only testing.
634 *) New function DH_compute_key_padded() to compute a DH key and pad with
635 leading zeroes if needed: this complies with SP800-56A et al.
638 *) Initial implementation of SP800-90 DRBGs for Hash and CTR. Not used by
639 anything, incomplete, subject to change and largely untested at present.
642 *) Modify fipscanisteronly build option to only build the necessary object
643 files by filtering FIPS_EX_OBJ through a perl script in crypto/Makefile.
646 *) Add experimental option FIPSSYMS to give all symbols in
647 fipscanister.o and FIPS or fips prefix. This will avoid
648 conflicts with future versions of OpenSSL. Add perl script
649 util/fipsas.pl to preprocess assembly language source files
650 and rename any affected symbols.
653 *) Add selftest checks and algorithm block of non-fips algorithms in
654 FIPS mode. Remove DES2 from selftests.
657 *) Add ECDSA code to fips module. Add tiny fips_ecdsa_check to just
658 return internal method without any ENGINE dependencies. Add new
659 tiny fips sign and verify functions.
662 *) New build option no-ec2m to disable characteristic 2 code.
665 *) New build option "fipscanisteronly". This only builds fipscanister.o
666 and (currently) associated fips utilities. Uses the file Makefile.fips
667 instead of Makefile.org as the prototype.
670 *) Add some FIPS mode restrictions to GCM. Add internal IV generator.
671 Update fips_gcmtest to use IV generator.
674 *) Initial, experimental EVP support for AES-GCM. AAD can be input by
675 setting output buffer to NULL. The *Final function must be
676 called although it will not retrieve any additional data. The tag
677 can be set or retrieved with a ctrl. The IV length is by default 12
678 bytes (96 bits) but can be set to an alternative value. If the IV
679 length exceeds the maximum IV length (currently 16 bytes) it cannot be
683 *) New flag in ciphers: EVP_CIPH_FLAG_CUSTOM_CIPHER. This means the
684 underlying do_cipher function handles all cipher semantics itself
685 including padding and finalisation. This is useful if (for example)
686 an ENGINE cipher handles block padding itself. The behaviour of
687 do_cipher is subtly changed if this flag is set: the return value
688 is the number of characters written to the output buffer (zero is
689 no longer an error code) or a negative error code. Also if the
690 input buffer is NULL and length 0 finalisation should be performed.
693 *) If a candidate issuer certificate is already part of the constructed
694 path ignore it: new debug notification X509_V_ERR_PATH_LOOP for this case.
697 *) Improve forward-security support: add functions
699 void SSL_CTX_set_not_resumable_session_callback(SSL_CTX *ctx, int (*cb)(SSL *ssl, int is_forward_secure))
700 void SSL_set_not_resumable_session_callback(SSL *ssl, int (*cb)(SSL *ssl, int is_forward_secure))
702 for use by SSL/TLS servers; the callback function will be called whenever a
703 new session is created, and gets to decide whether the session may be
704 cached to make it resumable (return 0) or not (return 1). (As by the
705 SSL/TLS protocol specifications, the session_id sent by the server will be
706 empty to indicate that the session is not resumable; also, the server will
707 not generate RFC 4507 (RFC 5077) session tickets.)
709 A simple reasonable callback implementation is to return is_forward_secure.
710 This parameter will be set to 1 or 0 depending on the ciphersuite selected
711 by the SSL/TLS server library, indicating whether it can provide forward
713 [Emilia Käsper <emilia.kasper@esat.kuleuven.be> (Google)]
715 *) New -verify_name option in command line utilities to set verification
719 *) Initial CMAC implementation. WARNING: EXPERIMENTAL, API MAY CHANGE.
720 Add CMAC pkey methods.
723 *) Experimental renegotiation in s_server -www mode. If the client
724 browses /reneg connection is renegotiated. If /renegcert it is
725 renegotiated requesting a certificate.
728 *) Add an "external" session cache for debugging purposes to s_server. This
729 should help trace issues which normally are only apparent in deployed
730 multi-process servers.
733 *) Extensive audit of libcrypto with DEBUG_UNUSED. Fix many cases where
734 return value is ignored. NB. The functions RAND_add(), RAND_seed(),
735 BIO_set_cipher() and some obscure PEM functions were changed so they
736 can now return an error. The RAND changes required a change to the
737 RAND_METHOD structure.
740 *) New macro __owur for "OpenSSL Warn Unused Result". This makes use of
741 a gcc attribute to warn if the result of a function is ignored. This
742 is enable if DEBUG_UNUSED is set. Add to several functions in evp.h
743 whose return value is often ignored.
746 Changes between 1.0.2e and 1.0.2f [28 Jan 2016]
747 *) DH small subgroups
749 Historically OpenSSL only ever generated DH parameters based on "safe"
750 primes. More recently (in version 1.0.2) support was provided for
751 generating X9.42 style parameter files such as those required for RFC 5114
752 support. The primes used in such files may not be "safe". Where an
753 application is using DH configured with parameters based on primes that are
754 not "safe" then an attacker could use this fact to find a peer's private
755 DH exponent. This attack requires that the attacker complete multiple
756 handshakes in which the peer uses the same private DH exponent. For example
757 this could be used to discover a TLS server's private DH exponent if it's
758 reusing the private DH exponent or it's using a static DH ciphersuite.
760 OpenSSL provides the option SSL_OP_SINGLE_DH_USE for ephemeral DH (DHE) in
761 TLS. It is not on by default. If the option is not set then the server
762 reuses the same private DH exponent for the life of the server process and
763 would be vulnerable to this attack. It is believed that many popular
764 applications do set this option and would therefore not be at risk.
766 The fix for this issue adds an additional check where a "q" parameter is
767 available (as is the case in X9.42 based parameters). This detects the
768 only known attack, and is the only possible defense for static DH
769 ciphersuites. This could have some performance impact.
771 Additionally the SSL_OP_SINGLE_DH_USE option has been switched on by
772 default and cannot be disabled. This could have some performance impact.
774 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Antonio Sanso (Adobe).
778 *) SSLv2 doesn't block disabled ciphers
780 A malicious client can negotiate SSLv2 ciphers that have been disabled on
781 the server and complete SSLv2 handshakes even if all SSLv2 ciphers have
782 been disabled, provided that the SSLv2 protocol was not also disabled via
785 This issue was reported to OpenSSL on 26th December 2015 by Nimrod Aviram
786 and Sebastian Schinzel.
790 Changes between 1.0.2d and 1.0.2e [3 Dec 2015]
792 *) BN_mod_exp may produce incorrect results on x86_64
794 There is a carry propagating bug in the x86_64 Montgomery squaring
795 procedure. No EC algorithms are affected. Analysis suggests that attacks
796 against RSA and DSA as a result of this defect would be very difficult to
797 perform and are not believed likely. Attacks against DH are considered just
798 feasible (although very difficult) because most of the work necessary to
799 deduce information about a private key may be performed offline. The amount
800 of resources required for such an attack would be very significant and
801 likely only accessible to a limited number of attackers. An attacker would
802 additionally need online access to an unpatched system using the target
803 private key in a scenario with persistent DH parameters and a private
804 key that is shared between multiple clients. For example this can occur by
805 default in OpenSSL DHE based SSL/TLS ciphersuites.
807 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Hanno Böck.
811 *) Certificate verify crash with missing PSS parameter
813 The signature verification routines will crash with a NULL pointer
814 dereference if presented with an ASN.1 signature using the RSA PSS
815 algorithm and absent mask generation function parameter. Since these
816 routines are used to verify certificate signature algorithms this can be
817 used to crash any certificate verification operation and exploited in a
818 DoS attack. Any application which performs certificate verification is
819 vulnerable including OpenSSL clients and servers which enable client
822 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Loïc Jonas Etienne (Qnective AG).
826 *) X509_ATTRIBUTE memory leak
828 When presented with a malformed X509_ATTRIBUTE structure OpenSSL will leak
829 memory. This structure is used by the PKCS#7 and CMS routines so any
830 application which reads PKCS#7 or CMS data from untrusted sources is
831 affected. SSL/TLS is not affected.
833 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Adam Langley (Google/BoringSSL) using
838 *) Rewrite EVP_DecodeUpdate (base64 decoding) to fix several bugs.
839 This changes the decoding behaviour for some invalid messages,
840 though the change is mostly in the more lenient direction, and
841 legacy behaviour is preserved as much as possible.
844 *) In DSA_generate_parameters_ex, if the provided seed is too short,
846 [Rich Salz and Ismo Puustinen <ismo.puustinen@intel.com>]
848 Changes between 1.0.2c and 1.0.2d [9 Jul 2015]
850 *) Alternate chains certificate forgery
852 During certificate verfification, OpenSSL will attempt to find an
853 alternative certificate chain if the first attempt to build such a chain
854 fails. An error in the implementation of this logic can mean that an
855 attacker could cause certain checks on untrusted certificates to be
856 bypassed, such as the CA flag, enabling them to use a valid leaf
857 certificate to act as a CA and "issue" an invalid certificate.
859 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Adam Langley/David Benjamin
863 Changes between 1.0.2b and 1.0.2c [12 Jun 2015]
865 *) Fix HMAC ABI incompatibility. The previous version introduced an ABI
866 incompatibility in the handling of HMAC. The previous ABI has now been
870 Changes between 1.0.2a and 1.0.2b [11 Jun 2015]
872 *) Malformed ECParameters causes infinite loop
874 When processing an ECParameters structure OpenSSL enters an infinite loop
875 if the curve specified is over a specially malformed binary polynomial
878 This can be used to perform denial of service against any
879 system which processes public keys, certificate requests or
880 certificates. This includes TLS clients and TLS servers with
881 client authentication enabled.
883 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Joseph Barr-Pixton.
887 *) Exploitable out-of-bounds read in X509_cmp_time
889 X509_cmp_time does not properly check the length of the ASN1_TIME
890 string and can read a few bytes out of bounds. In addition,
891 X509_cmp_time accepts an arbitrary number of fractional seconds in the
894 An attacker can use this to craft malformed certificates and CRLs of
895 various sizes and potentially cause a segmentation fault, resulting in
896 a DoS on applications that verify certificates or CRLs. TLS clients
897 that verify CRLs are affected. TLS clients and servers with client
898 authentication enabled may be affected if they use custom verification
901 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Robert Swiecki (Google), and
902 independently by Hanno Böck.
906 *) PKCS7 crash with missing EnvelopedContent
908 The PKCS#7 parsing code does not handle missing inner EncryptedContent
909 correctly. An attacker can craft malformed ASN.1-encoded PKCS#7 blobs
910 with missing content and trigger a NULL pointer dereference on parsing.
912 Applications that decrypt PKCS#7 data or otherwise parse PKCS#7
913 structures from untrusted sources are affected. OpenSSL clients and
914 servers are not affected.
916 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Michal Zalewski (Google).
920 *) CMS verify infinite loop with unknown hash function
922 When verifying a signedData message the CMS code can enter an infinite loop
923 if presented with an unknown hash function OID. This can be used to perform
924 denial of service against any system which verifies signedData messages using
926 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Johannes Bauer.
930 *) Race condition handling NewSessionTicket
932 If a NewSessionTicket is received by a multi-threaded client when attempting to
933 reuse a previous ticket then a race condition can occur potentially leading to
934 a double free of the ticket data.
938 *) Only support 256-bit or stronger elliptic curves with the
939 'ecdh_auto' setting (server) or by default (client). Of supported
940 curves, prefer P-256 (both).
943 Changes between 1.0.2 and 1.0.2a [19 Mar 2015]
945 *) ClientHello sigalgs DoS fix
947 If a client connects to an OpenSSL 1.0.2 server and renegotiates with an
948 invalid signature algorithms extension a NULL pointer dereference will
949 occur. This can be exploited in a DoS attack against the server.
951 This issue was was reported to OpenSSL by David Ramos of Stanford
954 [Stephen Henson and Matt Caswell]
956 *) Multiblock corrupted pointer fix
958 OpenSSL 1.0.2 introduced the "multiblock" performance improvement. This
959 feature only applies on 64 bit x86 architecture platforms that support AES
960 NI instructions. A defect in the implementation of "multiblock" can cause
961 OpenSSL's internal write buffer to become incorrectly set to NULL when
962 using non-blocking IO. Typically, when the user application is using a
963 socket BIO for writing, this will only result in a failed connection.
964 However if some other BIO is used then it is likely that a segmentation
965 fault will be triggered, thus enabling a potential DoS attack.
967 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Daniel Danner and Rainer Mueller.
971 *) Segmentation fault in DTLSv1_listen fix
973 The DTLSv1_listen function is intended to be stateless and processes the
974 initial ClientHello from many peers. It is common for user code to loop
975 over the call to DTLSv1_listen until a valid ClientHello is received with
976 an associated cookie. A defect in the implementation of DTLSv1_listen means
977 that state is preserved in the SSL object from one invocation to the next
978 that can lead to a segmentation fault. Errors processing the initial
979 ClientHello can trigger this scenario. An example of such an error could be
980 that a DTLS1.0 only client is attempting to connect to a DTLS1.2 only
983 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Per Allansson.
987 *) Segmentation fault in ASN1_TYPE_cmp fix
989 The function ASN1_TYPE_cmp will crash with an invalid read if an attempt is
990 made to compare ASN.1 boolean types. Since ASN1_TYPE_cmp is used to check
991 certificate signature algorithm consistency this can be used to crash any
992 certificate verification operation and exploited in a DoS attack. Any
993 application which performs certificate verification is vulnerable including
994 OpenSSL clients and servers which enable client authentication.
998 *) Segmentation fault for invalid PSS parameters fix
1000 The signature verification routines will crash with a NULL pointer
1001 dereference if presented with an ASN.1 signature using the RSA PSS
1002 algorithm and invalid parameters. Since these routines are used to verify
1003 certificate signature algorithms this can be used to crash any
1004 certificate verification operation and exploited in a DoS attack. Any
1005 application which performs certificate verification is vulnerable including
1006 OpenSSL clients and servers which enable client authentication.
1008 This issue was was reported to OpenSSL by Brian Carpenter.
1012 *) ASN.1 structure reuse memory corruption fix
1014 Reusing a structure in ASN.1 parsing may allow an attacker to cause
1015 memory corruption via an invalid write. Such reuse is and has been
1016 strongly discouraged and is believed to be rare.
1018 Applications that parse structures containing CHOICE or ANY DEFINED BY
1019 components may be affected. Certificate parsing (d2i_X509 and related
1020 functions) are however not affected. OpenSSL clients and servers are
1025 *) PKCS7 NULL pointer dereferences fix
1027 The PKCS#7 parsing code does not handle missing outer ContentInfo
1028 correctly. An attacker can craft malformed ASN.1-encoded PKCS#7 blobs with
1029 missing content and trigger a NULL pointer dereference on parsing.
1031 Applications that verify PKCS#7 signatures, decrypt PKCS#7 data or
1032 otherwise parse PKCS#7 structures from untrusted sources are
1033 affected. OpenSSL clients and servers are not affected.
1035 This issue was reported to OpenSSL by Michal Zalewski (Google).
1039 *) DoS via reachable assert in SSLv2 servers fix
1041 A malicious client can trigger an OPENSSL_assert (i.e., an abort) in
1042 servers that both support SSLv2 and enable export cipher suites by sending
1043 a specially crafted SSLv2 CLIENT-MASTER-KEY message.
1045 This issue was discovered by Sean Burford (Google) and Emilia Käsper
1046 (OpenSSL development team).
1050 *) Empty CKE with client auth and DHE fix
1052 If client auth is used then a server can seg fault in the event of a DHE
1053 ciphersuite being selected and a zero length ClientKeyExchange message
1054 being sent by the client. This could be exploited in a DoS attack.
1058 *) Handshake with unseeded PRNG fix
1060 Under certain conditions an OpenSSL 1.0.2 client can complete a handshake
1061 with an unseeded PRNG. The conditions are:
1062 - The client is on a platform where the PRNG has not been seeded
1063 automatically, and the user has not seeded manually
1064 - A protocol specific client method version has been used (i.e. not
1065 SSL_client_methodv23)
1066 - A ciphersuite is used that does not require additional random data from
1067 the PRNG beyond the initial ClientHello client random (e.g. PSK-RC4-SHA).
1069 If the handshake succeeds then the client random that has been used will
1070 have been generated from a PRNG with insufficient entropy and therefore the
1071 output may be predictable.
1073 For example using the following command with an unseeded openssl will
1074 succeed on an unpatched platform:
1076 openssl s_client -psk 1a2b3c4d -tls1_2 -cipher PSK-RC4-SHA
1080 *) Use After Free following d2i_ECPrivatekey error fix
1082 A malformed EC private key file consumed via the d2i_ECPrivateKey function
1083 could cause a use after free condition. This, in turn, could cause a double
1084 free in several private key parsing functions (such as d2i_PrivateKey
1085 or EVP_PKCS82PKEY) and could lead to a DoS attack or memory corruption
1086 for applications that receive EC private keys from untrusted
1087 sources. This scenario is considered rare.
1089 This issue was discovered by the BoringSSL project and fixed in their
1094 *) X509_to_X509_REQ NULL pointer deref fix
1096 The function X509_to_X509_REQ will crash with a NULL pointer dereference if
1097 the certificate key is invalid. This function is rarely used in practice.
1099 This issue was discovered by Brian Carpenter.
1103 *) Removed the export ciphers from the DEFAULT ciphers
1106 Changes between 1.0.1l and 1.0.2 [22 Jan 2015]
1108 *) Facilitate "universal" ARM builds targeting range of ARM ISAs, e.g.
1109 ARMv5 through ARMv8, as opposite to "locking" it to single one.
1110 So far those who have to target multiple plaforms would compromise
1111 and argue that binary targeting say ARMv5 would still execute on
1112 ARMv8. "Universal" build resolves this compromise by providing
1113 near-optimal performance even on newer platforms.
1116 *) Accelerated NIST P-256 elliptic curve implementation for x86_64
1117 (other platforms pending).
1118 [Shay Gueron & Vlad Krasnov (Intel Corp), Andy Polyakov]
1120 *) Add support for the SignedCertificateTimestampList certificate and
1121 OCSP response extensions from RFC6962.
1124 *) Fix ec_GFp_simple_points_make_affine (thus, EC_POINTs_mul etc.)
1125 for corner cases. (Certain input points at infinity could lead to
1126 bogus results, with non-infinity inputs mapped to infinity too.)
1129 *) Initial support for PowerISA 2.0.7, first implemented in POWER8.
1130 This covers AES, SHA256/512 and GHASH. "Initial" means that most
1131 common cases are optimized and there still is room for further
1132 improvements. Vector Permutation AES for Altivec is also added.
1135 *) Add support for little-endian ppc64 Linux target.
1136 [Marcelo Cerri (IBM)]
1138 *) Initial support for AMRv8 ISA crypto extensions. This covers AES,
1139 SHA1, SHA256 and GHASH. "Initial" means that most common cases
1140 are optimized and there still is room for further improvements.
1141 Both 32- and 64-bit modes are supported.
1142 [Andy Polyakov, Ard Biesheuvel (Linaro)]
1144 *) Improved ARMv7 NEON support.
1147 *) Support for SPARC Architecture 2011 crypto extensions, first
1148 implemented in SPARC T4. This covers AES, DES, Camellia, SHA1,
1149 SHA256/512, MD5, GHASH and modular exponentiation.
1150 [Andy Polyakov, David Miller]
1152 *) Accelerated modular exponentiation for Intel processors, a.k.a.
1154 [Shay Gueron & Vlad Krasnov (Intel Corp)]
1156 *) Support for new and upcoming Intel processors, including AVX2,
1157 BMI and SHA ISA extensions. This includes additional "stitched"
1158 implementations, AESNI-SHA256 and GCM, and multi-buffer support
1161 This work was sponsored by Intel Corp.
1164 *) Support for DTLS 1.2. This adds two sets of DTLS methods: DTLS_*_method()
1165 supports both DTLS 1.2 and 1.0 and should use whatever version the peer
1166 supports and DTLSv1_2_*_method() which supports DTLS 1.2 only.
1169 *) Use algorithm specific chains in SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file():
1170 this fixes a limiation in previous versions of OpenSSL.
1173 *) Extended RSA OAEP support via EVP_PKEY API. Options to specify digest,
1174 MGF1 digest and OAEP label.
1177 *) Add EVP support for key wrapping algorithms, to avoid problems with
1178 existing code the flag EVP_CIPHER_CTX_WRAP_ALLOW has to be set in
1179 the EVP_CIPHER_CTX or an error is returned. Add AES and DES3 wrap
1180 algorithms and include tests cases.
1183 *) Add functions to allocate and set the fields of an ECDSA_METHOD
1185 [Douglas E. Engert, Steve Henson]
1187 *) New functions OPENSSL_gmtime_diff and ASN1_TIME_diff to find the
1188 difference in days and seconds between two tm or ASN1_TIME structures.
1191 *) Add -rev test option to s_server to just reverse order of characters
1192 received by client and send back to server. Also prints an abbreviated
1193 summary of the connection parameters.
1196 *) New option -brief for s_client and s_server to print out a brief summary
1197 of connection parameters.
1200 *) Add callbacks for arbitrary TLS extensions.
1201 [Trevor Perrin <trevp@trevp.net> and Ben Laurie]
1203 *) New option -crl_download in several openssl utilities to download CRLs
1204 from CRLDP extension in certificates.
1207 *) New options -CRL and -CRLform for s_client and s_server for CRLs.
1210 *) New function X509_CRL_diff to generate a delta CRL from the difference
1211 of two full CRLs. Add support to "crl" utility.
1214 *) New functions to set lookup_crls function and to retrieve
1215 X509_STORE from X509_STORE_CTX.
1218 *) Print out deprecated issuer and subject unique ID fields in
1222 *) Extend OCSP I/O functions so they can be used for simple general purpose
1223 HTTP as well as OCSP. New wrapper function which can be used to download
1224 CRLs using the OCSP API.
1227 *) Delegate command line handling in s_client/s_server to SSL_CONF APIs.
1230 *) SSL_CONF* functions. These provide a common framework for application
1231 configuration using configuration files or command lines.
1234 *) SSL/TLS tracing code. This parses out SSL/TLS records using the
1235 message callback and prints the results. Needs compile time option
1236 "enable-ssl-trace". New options to s_client and s_server to enable
1240 *) New ctrl and macro to retrieve supported points extensions.
1241 Print out extension in s_server and s_client.
1244 *) New functions to retrieve certificate signature and signature
1248 *) Add functions to retrieve and manipulate the raw cipherlist sent by a
1252 *) New Suite B modes for TLS code. These use and enforce the requirements
1253 of RFC6460: restrict ciphersuites, only permit Suite B algorithms and
1254 only use Suite B curves. The Suite B modes can be set by using the
1255 strings "SUITEB128", "SUITEB192" or "SUITEB128ONLY" for the cipherstring.
1258 *) New chain verification flags for Suite B levels of security. Check
1259 algorithms are acceptable when flags are set in X509_verify_cert.
1262 *) Make tls1_check_chain return a set of flags indicating checks passed
1263 by a certificate chain. Add additional tests to handle client
1264 certificates: checks for matching certificate type and issuer name
1268 *) If an attempt is made to use a signature algorithm not in the peer
1269 preference list abort the handshake. If client has no suitable
1270 signature algorithms in response to a certificate request do not
1271 use the certificate.
1274 *) If server EC tmp key is not in client preference list abort handshake.
1277 *) Add support for certificate stores in CERT structure. This makes it
1278 possible to have different stores per SSL structure or one store in
1279 the parent SSL_CTX. Include distint stores for certificate chain
1280 verification and chain building. New ctrl SSL_CTRL_BUILD_CERT_CHAIN
1281 to build and store a certificate chain in CERT structure: returing
1282 an error if the chain cannot be built: this will allow applications
1283 to test if a chain is correctly configured.
1285 Note: if the CERT based stores are not set then the parent SSL_CTX
1286 store is used to retain compatibility with existing behaviour.
1290 *) New function ssl_set_client_disabled to set a ciphersuite disabled
1291 mask based on the current session, check mask when sending client
1292 hello and checking the requested ciphersuite.
1295 *) New ctrls to retrieve and set certificate types in a certificate
1296 request message. Print out received values in s_client. If certificate
1297 types is not set with custom values set sensible values based on
1298 supported signature algorithms.
1301 *) Support for distinct client and server supported signature algorithms.
1304 *) Add certificate callback. If set this is called whenever a certificate
1305 is required by client or server. An application can decide which
1306 certificate chain to present based on arbitrary criteria: for example
1307 supported signature algorithms. Add very simple example to s_server.
1308 This fixes many of the problems and restrictions of the existing client
1309 certificate callback: for example you can now clear an existing
1310 certificate and specify the whole chain.
1313 *) Add new "valid_flags" field to CERT_PKEY structure which determines what
1314 the certificate can be used for (if anything). Set valid_flags field
1315 in new tls1_check_chain function. Simplify ssl_set_cert_masks which used
1316 to have similar checks in it.
1318 Add new "cert_flags" field to CERT structure and include a "strict mode".
1319 This enforces some TLS certificate requirements (such as only permitting
1320 certificate signature algorithms contained in the supported algorithms
1321 extension) which some implementations ignore: this option should be used
1322 with caution as it could cause interoperability issues.
1325 *) Update and tidy signature algorithm extension processing. Work out
1326 shared signature algorithms based on preferences and peer algorithms
1327 and print them out in s_client and s_server. Abort handshake if no
1328 shared signature algorithms.
1331 *) Add new functions to allow customised supported signature algorithms
1332 for SSL and SSL_CTX structures. Add options to s_client and s_server
1336 *) New function SSL_certs_clear() to delete all references to certificates
1337 from an SSL structure. Before this once a certificate had been added
1338 it couldn't be removed.
1341 *) Integrate hostname, email address and IP address checking with certificate
1342 verification. New verify options supporting checking in opensl utility.
1345 *) Fixes and wildcard matching support to hostname and email checking
1346 functions. Add manual page.
1347 [Florian Weimer (Red Hat Product Security Team)]
1349 *) New functions to check a hostname email or IP address against a
1350 certificate. Add options x509 utility to print results of checks against
1354 *) Fix OCSP checking.
1355 [Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> and Ben Laurie]
1357 *) Initial experimental support for explicitly trusted non-root CAs.
1358 OpenSSL still tries to build a complete chain to a root but if an
1359 intermediate CA has a trust setting included that is used. The first
1360 setting is used: whether to trust (e.g., -addtrust option to the x509
1364 *) Add -trusted_first option which attempts to find certificates in the
1365 trusted store even if an untrusted chain is also supplied.
1368 *) MIPS assembly pack updates: support for MIPS32r2 and SmartMIPS ASE,
1369 platform support for Linux and Android.
1372 *) Support for linux-x32, ILP32 environment in x86_64 framework.
1375 *) Experimental multi-implementation support for FIPS capable OpenSSL.
1376 When in FIPS mode the approved implementations are used as normal,
1377 when not in FIPS mode the internal unapproved versions are used instead.
1378 This means that the FIPS capable OpenSSL isn't forced to use the
1379 (often lower performance) FIPS implementations outside FIPS mode.
1382 *) Transparently support X9.42 DH parameters when calling
1383 PEM_read_bio_DHparameters. This means existing applications can handle
1384 the new parameter format automatically.
1387 *) Initial experimental support for X9.42 DH parameter format: mainly
1388 to support use of 'q' parameter for RFC5114 parameters.
1391 *) Add DH parameters from RFC5114 including test data to dhtest.
1394 *) Support for automatic EC temporary key parameter selection. If enabled
1395 the most preferred EC parameters are automatically used instead of
1396 hardcoded fixed parameters. Now a server just has to call:
1397 SSL_CTX_set_ecdh_auto(ctx, 1) and the server will automatically
1398 support ECDH and use the most appropriate parameters.
1401 *) Enhance and tidy EC curve and point format TLS extension code. Use
1402 static structures instead of allocation if default values are used.
1403 New ctrls to set curves we wish to support and to retrieve shared curves.
1404 Print out shared curves in s_server. New options to s_server and s_client
1405 to set list of supported curves.
1408 *) New ctrls to retrieve supported signature algorithms and
1409 supported curve values as an array of NIDs. Extend openssl utility
1410 to print out received values.
1413 *) Add new APIs EC_curve_nist2nid and EC_curve_nid2nist which convert
1414 between NIDs and the more common NIST names such as "P-256". Enhance
1415 ecparam utility and ECC method to recognise the NIST names for curves.
1418 *) Enhance SSL/TLS certificate chain handling to support different
1419 chains for each certificate instead of one chain in the parent SSL_CTX.
1422 *) Support for fixed DH ciphersuite client authentication: where both
1423 server and client use DH certificates with common parameters.
1426 *) Support for fixed DH ciphersuites: those requiring DH server
1430 *) New function i2d_re_X509_tbs for re-encoding the TBS portion of
1432 Note: Related 1.0.2-beta specific macros X509_get_cert_info,
1433 X509_CINF_set_modified, X509_CINF_get_issuer, X509_CINF_get_extensions and
1434 X509_CINF_get_signature were reverted post internal team review.
1436 Changes between 1.0.1k and 1.0.1l [15 Jan 2015]
1438 *) Build fixes for the Windows and OpenVMS platforms
1439 [Matt Caswell and Richard Levitte]
1441 Changes between 1.0.1j and 1.0.1k [8 Jan 2015]
1443 *) Fix DTLS segmentation fault in dtls1_get_record. A carefully crafted DTLS
1444 message can cause a segmentation fault in OpenSSL due to a NULL pointer
1445 dereference. This could lead to a Denial Of Service attack. Thanks to
1446 Markus Stenberg of Cisco Systems, Inc. for reporting this issue.
1450 *) Fix DTLS memory leak in dtls1_buffer_record. A memory leak can occur in the
1451 dtls1_buffer_record function under certain conditions. In particular this
1452 could occur if an attacker sent repeated DTLS records with the same
1453 sequence number but for the next epoch. The memory leak could be exploited
1454 by an attacker in a Denial of Service attack through memory exhaustion.
1455 Thanks to Chris Mueller for reporting this issue.
1459 *) Fix issue where no-ssl3 configuration sets method to NULL. When openssl is
1460 built with the no-ssl3 option and a SSL v3 ClientHello is received the ssl
1461 method would be set to NULL which could later result in a NULL pointer
1462 dereference. Thanks to Frank Schmirler for reporting this issue.
1466 *) Abort handshake if server key exchange message is omitted for ephemeral
1469 Thanks to Karthikeyan Bhargavan of the PROSECCO team at INRIA for
1470 reporting this issue.
1474 *) Remove non-export ephemeral RSA code on client and server. This code
1475 violated the TLS standard by allowing the use of temporary RSA keys in
1476 non-export ciphersuites and could be used by a server to effectively
1477 downgrade the RSA key length used to a value smaller than the server
1478 certificate. Thanks for Karthikeyan Bhargavan of the PROSECCO team at
1479 INRIA or reporting this issue.
1483 *) Fixed issue where DH client certificates are accepted without verification.
1484 An OpenSSL server will accept a DH certificate for client authentication
1485 without the certificate verify message. This effectively allows a client to
1486 authenticate without the use of a private key. This only affects servers
1487 which trust a client certificate authority which issues certificates
1488 containing DH keys: these are extremely rare and hardly ever encountered.
1489 Thanks for Karthikeyan Bhargavan of the PROSECCO team at INRIA or reporting
1494 *) Ensure that the session ID context of an SSL is updated when its
1495 SSL_CTX is updated via SSL_set_SSL_CTX.
1497 The session ID context is typically set from the parent SSL_CTX,
1498 and can vary with the CTX.
1501 *) Fix various certificate fingerprint issues.
1503 By using non-DER or invalid encodings outside the signed portion of a
1504 certificate the fingerprint can be changed without breaking the signature.
1505 Although no details of the signed portion of the certificate can be changed
1506 this can cause problems with some applications: e.g. those using the
1507 certificate fingerprint for blacklists.
1509 1. Reject signatures with non zero unused bits.
1511 If the BIT STRING containing the signature has non zero unused bits reject
1512 the signature. All current signature algorithms require zero unused bits.
1514 2. Check certificate algorithm consistency.
1516 Check the AlgorithmIdentifier inside TBS matches the one in the
1517 certificate signature. NB: this will result in signature failure
1518 errors for some broken certificates.
1520 Thanks to Konrad Kraszewski from Google for reporting this issue.
1522 3. Check DSA/ECDSA signatures use DER.
1524 Reencode DSA/ECDSA signatures and compare with the original received
1525 signature. Return an error if there is a mismatch.
1527 This will reject various cases including garbage after signature
1528 (thanks to Antti Karjalainen and Tuomo Untinen from the Codenomicon CROSS
1529 program for discovering this case) and use of BER or invalid ASN.1 INTEGERs
1530 (negative or with leading zeroes).
1532 Further analysis was conducted and fixes were developed by Stephen Henson
1533 of the OpenSSL core team.
1538 *) Correct Bignum squaring. Bignum squaring (BN_sqr) may produce incorrect
1539 results on some platforms, including x86_64. This bug occurs at random
1540 with a very low probability, and is not known to be exploitable in any
1541 way, though its exact impact is difficult to determine. Thanks to Pieter
1542 Wuille (Blockstream) who reported this issue and also suggested an initial
1543 fix. Further analysis was conducted by the OpenSSL development team and
1544 Adam Langley of Google. The final fix was developed by Andy Polyakov of
1545 the OpenSSL core team.
1549 *) Do not resume sessions on the server if the negotiated protocol
1550 version does not match the session's version. Resuming with a different
1551 version, while not strictly forbidden by the RFC, is of questionable
1552 sanity and breaks all known clients.
1553 [David Benjamin, Emilia Käsper]
1555 *) Tighten handling of the ChangeCipherSpec (CCS) message: reject
1556 early CCS messages during renegotiation. (Note that because
1557 renegotiation is encrypted, this early CCS was not exploitable.)
1560 *) Tighten client-side session ticket handling during renegotiation:
1561 ensure that the client only accepts a session ticket if the server sends
1562 the extension anew in the ServerHello. Previously, a TLS client would
1563 reuse the old extension state and thus accept a session ticket if one was
1564 announced in the initial ServerHello.
1566 Similarly, ensure that the client requires a session ticket if one
1567 was advertised in the ServerHello. Previously, a TLS client would
1568 ignore a missing NewSessionTicket message.
1571 Changes between 1.0.1i and 1.0.1j [15 Oct 2014]
1573 *) SRTP Memory Leak.
1575 A flaw in the DTLS SRTP extension parsing code allows an attacker, who
1576 sends a carefully crafted handshake message, to cause OpenSSL to fail
1577 to free up to 64k of memory causing a memory leak. This could be
1578 exploited in a Denial Of Service attack. This issue affects OpenSSL
1579 1.0.1 server implementations for both SSL/TLS and DTLS regardless of
1580 whether SRTP is used or configured. Implementations of OpenSSL that
1581 have been compiled with OPENSSL_NO_SRTP defined are not affected.
1583 The fix was developed by the OpenSSL team.
1587 *) Session Ticket Memory Leak.
1589 When an OpenSSL SSL/TLS/DTLS server receives a session ticket the
1590 integrity of that ticket is first verified. In the event of a session
1591 ticket integrity check failing, OpenSSL will fail to free memory
1592 causing a memory leak. By sending a large number of invalid session
1593 tickets an attacker could exploit this issue in a Denial Of Service
1598 *) Build option no-ssl3 is incomplete.
1600 When OpenSSL is configured with "no-ssl3" as a build option, servers
1601 could accept and complete a SSL 3.0 handshake, and clients could be
1602 configured to send them.
1604 [Akamai and the OpenSSL team]
1606 *) Add support for TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV.
1607 Client applications doing fallback retries should call
1608 SSL_set_mode(s, SSL_MODE_SEND_FALLBACK_SCSV).
1610 [Adam Langley, Bodo Moeller]
1612 *) Add additional DigestInfo checks.
1614 Reencode DigestInto in DER and check against the original when
1615 verifying RSA signature: this will reject any improperly encoded
1616 DigestInfo structures.
1618 Note: this is a precautionary measure and no attacks are currently known.
1622 Changes between 1.0.1h and 1.0.1i [6 Aug 2014]
1624 *) Fix SRP buffer overrun vulnerability. Invalid parameters passed to the
1625 SRP code can be overrun an internal buffer. Add sanity check that
1626 g, A, B < N to SRP code.
1628 Thanks to Sean Devlin and Watson Ladd of Cryptography Services, NCC
1629 Group for discovering this issue.
1633 *) A flaw in the OpenSSL SSL/TLS server code causes the server to negotiate
1634 TLS 1.0 instead of higher protocol versions when the ClientHello message
1635 is badly fragmented. This allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to force a
1636 downgrade to TLS 1.0 even if both the server and the client support a
1637 higher protocol version, by modifying the client's TLS records.
1639 Thanks to David Benjamin and Adam Langley (Google) for discovering and
1640 researching this issue.
1644 *) OpenSSL DTLS clients enabling anonymous (EC)DH ciphersuites are subject
1645 to a denial of service attack. A malicious server can crash the client
1646 with a null pointer dereference (read) by specifying an anonymous (EC)DH
1647 ciphersuite and sending carefully crafted handshake messages.
1649 Thanks to Felix Gröbert (Google) for discovering and researching this
1654 *) By sending carefully crafted DTLS packets an attacker could cause openssl
1655 to leak memory. This can be exploited through a Denial of Service attack.
1656 Thanks to Adam Langley for discovering and researching this issue.
1660 *) An attacker can force openssl to consume large amounts of memory whilst
1661 processing DTLS handshake messages. This can be exploited through a
1662 Denial of Service attack.
1663 Thanks to Adam Langley for discovering and researching this issue.
1667 *) An attacker can force an error condition which causes openssl to crash
1668 whilst processing DTLS packets due to memory being freed twice. This
1669 can be exploited through a Denial of Service attack.
1670 Thanks to Adam Langley and Wan-Teh Chang for discovering and researching
1675 *) If a multithreaded client connects to a malicious server using a resumed
1676 session and the server sends an ec point format extension it could write
1677 up to 255 bytes to freed memory.
1679 Thanks to Gabor Tyukasz (LogMeIn Inc) for discovering and researching this
1684 *) A malicious server can crash an OpenSSL client with a null pointer
1685 dereference (read) by specifying an SRP ciphersuite even though it was not
1686 properly negotiated with the client. This can be exploited through a
1687 Denial of Service attack.
1689 Thanks to Joonas Kuorilehto and Riku Hietamäki (Codenomicon) for
1690 discovering and researching this issue.
1694 *) A flaw in OBJ_obj2txt may cause pretty printing functions such as
1695 X509_name_oneline, X509_name_print_ex et al. to leak some information
1696 from the stack. Applications may be affected if they echo pretty printing
1697 output to the attacker.
1699 Thanks to Ivan Fratric (Google) for discovering this issue.
1701 [Emilia Käsper, and Steve Henson]
1703 *) Fix ec_GFp_simple_points_make_affine (thus, EC_POINTs_mul etc.)
1704 for corner cases. (Certain input points at infinity could lead to
1705 bogus results, with non-infinity inputs mapped to infinity too.)
1708 Changes between 1.0.1g and 1.0.1h [5 Jun 2014]
1710 *) Fix for SSL/TLS MITM flaw. An attacker using a carefully crafted
1711 handshake can force the use of weak keying material in OpenSSL
1712 SSL/TLS clients and servers.
1714 Thanks to KIKUCHI Masashi (Lepidum Co. Ltd.) for discovering and
1715 researching this issue. (CVE-2014-0224)
1716 [KIKUCHI Masashi, Steve Henson]
1718 *) Fix DTLS recursion flaw. By sending an invalid DTLS handshake to an
1719 OpenSSL DTLS client the code can be made to recurse eventually crashing
1722 Thanks to Imre Rad (Search-Lab Ltd.) for discovering this issue.
1724 [Imre Rad, Steve Henson]
1726 *) Fix DTLS invalid fragment vulnerability. A buffer overrun attack can
1727 be triggered by sending invalid DTLS fragments to an OpenSSL DTLS
1728 client or server. This is potentially exploitable to run arbitrary
1729 code on a vulnerable client or server.
1731 Thanks to Jüri Aedla for reporting this issue. (CVE-2014-0195)
1732 [Jüri Aedla, Steve Henson]
1734 *) Fix bug in TLS code where clients enable anonymous ECDH ciphersuites
1735 are subject to a denial of service attack.
1737 Thanks to Felix Gröbert and Ivan Fratric at Google for discovering
1738 this issue. (CVE-2014-3470)
1739 [Felix Gröbert, Ivan Fratric, Steve Henson]
1741 *) Harmonize version and its documentation. -f flag is used to display
1743 [mancha <mancha1@zoho.com>]
1745 *) Fix eckey_priv_encode so it immediately returns an error upon a failure
1746 in i2d_ECPrivateKey.
1747 [mancha <mancha1@zoho.com>]
1749 *) Fix some double frees. These are not thought to be exploitable.
1750 [mancha <mancha1@zoho.com>]
1752 Changes between 1.0.1f and 1.0.1g [7 Apr 2014]
1754 *) A missing bounds check in the handling of the TLS heartbeat extension
1755 can be used to reveal up to 64k of memory to a connected client or
1758 Thanks for Neel Mehta of Google Security for discovering this bug and to
1759 Adam Langley <agl@chromium.org> and Bodo Moeller <bmoeller@acm.org> for
1760 preparing the fix (CVE-2014-0160)
1761 [Adam Langley, Bodo Moeller]
1763 *) Fix for the attack described in the paper "Recovering OpenSSL
1764 ECDSA Nonces Using the FLUSH+RELOAD Cache Side-channel Attack"
1765 by Yuval Yarom and Naomi Benger. Details can be obtained from:
1766 http://eprint.iacr.org/2014/140
1768 Thanks to Yuval Yarom and Naomi Benger for discovering this
1769 flaw and to Yuval Yarom for supplying a fix (CVE-2014-0076)
1770 [Yuval Yarom and Naomi Benger]
1772 *) TLS pad extension: draft-agl-tls-padding-03
1774 Workaround for the "TLS hang bug" (see FAQ and PR#2771): if the
1775 TLS client Hello record length value would otherwise be > 255 and
1776 less that 512 pad with a dummy extension containing zeroes so it
1777 is at least 512 bytes long.
1779 [Adam Langley, Steve Henson]
1781 Changes between 1.0.1e and 1.0.1f [6 Jan 2014]
1783 *) Fix for TLS record tampering bug. A carefully crafted invalid
1784 handshake could crash OpenSSL with a NULL pointer exception.
1785 Thanks to Anton Johansson for reporting this issues.
1788 *) Keep original DTLS digest and encryption contexts in retransmission
1789 structures so we can use the previous session parameters if they need
1790 to be resent. (CVE-2013-6450)
1793 *) Add option SSL_OP_SAFARI_ECDHE_ECDSA_BUG (part of SSL_OP_ALL) which
1794 avoids preferring ECDHE-ECDSA ciphers when the client appears to be
1795 Safari on OS X. Safari on OS X 10.8..10.8.3 advertises support for
1796 several ECDHE-ECDSA ciphers, but fails to negotiate them. The bug
1797 is fixed in OS X 10.8.4, but Apple have ruled out both hot fixing
1798 10.8..10.8.3 and forcing users to upgrade to 10.8.4 or newer.
1799 [Rob Stradling, Adam Langley]
1801 Changes between 1.0.1d and 1.0.1e [11 Feb 2013]
1803 *) Correct fix for CVE-2013-0169. The original didn't work on AES-NI
1804 supporting platforms or when small records were transferred.
1805 [Andy Polyakov, Steve Henson]
1807 Changes between 1.0.1c and 1.0.1d [5 Feb 2013]
1809 *) Make the decoding of SSLv3, TLS and DTLS CBC records constant time.
1811 This addresses the flaw in CBC record processing discovered by
1812 Nadhem Alfardan and Kenny Paterson. Details of this attack can be found
1813 at: http://www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/tls/
1815 Thanks go to Nadhem Alfardan and Kenny Paterson of the Information
1816 Security Group at Royal Holloway, University of London
1817 (www.isg.rhul.ac.uk) for discovering this flaw and Adam Langley and
1818 Emilia Käsper for the initial patch.
1820 [Emilia Käsper, Adam Langley, Ben Laurie, Andy Polyakov, Steve Henson]
1822 *) Fix flaw in AESNI handling of TLS 1.2 and 1.1 records for CBC mode
1823 ciphersuites which can be exploited in a denial of service attack.
1824 Thanks go to and to Adam Langley <agl@chromium.org> for discovering
1825 and detecting this bug and to Wolfgang Ettlinger
1826 <wolfgang.ettlinger@gmail.com> for independently discovering this issue.
1830 *) Return an error when checking OCSP signatures when key is NULL.
1831 This fixes a DoS attack. (CVE-2013-0166)
1834 *) Make openssl verify return errors.
1835 [Chris Palmer <palmer@google.com> and Ben Laurie]
1837 *) Call OCSP Stapling callback after ciphersuite has been chosen, so
1838 the right response is stapled. Also change SSL_get_certificate()
1839 so it returns the certificate actually sent.
1840 See http://rt.openssl.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=2836.
1841 [Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>]
1843 *) Fix possible deadlock when decoding public keys.
1846 *) Don't use TLS 1.0 record version number in initial client hello
1850 Changes between 1.0.1b and 1.0.1c [10 May 2012]
1852 *) Sanity check record length before skipping explicit IV in TLS
1853 1.2, 1.1 and DTLS to fix DoS attack.
1855 Thanks to Codenomicon for discovering this issue using Fuzz-o-Matic
1856 fuzzing as a service testing platform.
1860 *) Initialise tkeylen properly when encrypting CMS messages.
1861 Thanks to Solar Designer of Openwall for reporting this issue.
1864 *) In FIPS mode don't try to use composite ciphers as they are not
1868 Changes between 1.0.1a and 1.0.1b [26 Apr 2012]
1870 *) OpenSSL 1.0.0 sets SSL_OP_ALL to 0x80000FFFL and OpenSSL 1.0.1 and
1871 1.0.1a set SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1 to 0x00000400L which would unfortunately
1872 mean any application compiled against OpenSSL 1.0.0 headers setting
1873 SSL_OP_ALL would also set SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1, unintentionally disablng
1874 TLS 1.1 also. Fix this by changing the value of SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1 to
1875 0x10000000L Any application which was previously compiled against
1876 OpenSSL 1.0.1 or 1.0.1a headers and which cares about SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1
1877 will need to be recompiled as a result. Letting be results in
1878 inability to disable specifically TLS 1.1 and in client context,
1879 in unlike event, limit maximum offered version to TLS 1.0 [see below].
1882 *) In order to ensure interoperabilty SSL_OP_NO_protocolX does not
1883 disable just protocol X, but all protocols above X *if* there are
1884 protocols *below* X still enabled. In more practical terms it means
1885 that if application wants to disable TLS1.0 in favor of TLS1.1 and
1886 above, it's not sufficient to pass SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1, one has to pass
1887 SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1|SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3|SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2. This applies to
1891 Changes between 1.0.1 and 1.0.1a [19 Apr 2012]
1893 *) Check for potentially exploitable overflows in asn1_d2i_read_bio
1894 BUF_mem_grow and BUF_mem_grow_clean. Refuse attempts to shrink buffer
1895 in CRYPTO_realloc_clean.
1897 Thanks to Tavis Ormandy, Google Security Team, for discovering this
1898 issue and to Adam Langley <agl@chromium.org> for fixing it.
1900 [Adam Langley (Google), Tavis Ormandy, Google Security Team]
1902 *) Don't allow TLS 1.2 SHA-256 ciphersuites in TLS 1.0, 1.1 connections.
1905 *) Workarounds for some broken servers that "hang" if a client hello
1906 record length exceeds 255 bytes.
1908 1. Do not use record version number > TLS 1.0 in initial client
1909 hello: some (but not all) hanging servers will now work.
1910 2. If we set OPENSSL_MAX_TLS1_2_CIPHER_LENGTH this will truncate
1911 the number of ciphers sent in the client hello. This should be
1912 set to an even number, such as 50, for example by passing:
1913 -DOPENSSL_MAX_TLS1_2_CIPHER_LENGTH=50 to config or Configure.
1914 Most broken servers should now work.
1915 3. If all else fails setting OPENSSL_NO_TLS1_2_CLIENT will disable
1916 TLS 1.2 client support entirely.
1919 *) Fix SEGV in Vector Permutation AES module observed in OpenSSH.
1922 Changes between 1.0.0h and 1.0.1 [14 Mar 2012]
1924 *) Add compatibility with old MDC2 signatures which use an ASN1 OCTET
1925 STRING form instead of a DigestInfo.
1928 *) The format used for MDC2 RSA signatures is inconsistent between EVP
1929 and the RSA_sign/RSA_verify functions. This was made more apparent when
1930 OpenSSL used RSA_sign/RSA_verify for some RSA signatures in particular
1931 those which went through EVP_PKEY_METHOD in 1.0.0 and later. Detect
1932 the correct format in RSA_verify so both forms transparently work.
1935 *) Some servers which support TLS 1.0 can choke if we initially indicate
1936 support for TLS 1.2 and later renegotiate using TLS 1.0 in the RSA
1937 encrypted premaster secret. As a workaround use the maximum permitted
1938 client version in client hello, this should keep such servers happy
1939 and still work with previous versions of OpenSSL.
1942 *) Add support for TLS/DTLS heartbeats.
1943 [Robin Seggelmann <seggelmann@fh-muenster.de>]
1945 *) Add support for SCTP.
1946 [Robin Seggelmann <seggelmann@fh-muenster.de>]
1948 *) Improved PRNG seeding for VOS.
1949 [Paul Green <Paul.Green@stratus.com>]
1951 *) Extensive assembler packs updates, most notably:
1953 - x86[_64]: AES-NI, PCLMULQDQ, RDRAND support;
1954 - x86[_64]: SSSE3 support (SHA1, vector-permutation AES);
1955 - x86_64: bit-sliced AES implementation;
1956 - ARM: NEON support, contemporary platforms optimizations;
1957 - s390x: z196 support;
1958 - *: GHASH and GF(2^m) multiplication implementations;
1962 *) Make TLS-SRP code conformant with RFC 5054 API cleanup
1963 (removal of unnecessary code)
1964 [Peter Sylvester <peter.sylvester@edelweb.fr>]
1966 *) Add TLS key material exporter from RFC 5705.
1969 *) Add DTLS-SRTP negotiation from RFC 5764.
1972 *) Add Next Protocol Negotiation,
1973 http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-agl-tls-nextprotoneg-00. Can be
1974 disabled with a no-npn flag to config or Configure. Code donated
1976 [Adam Langley <agl@google.com> and Ben Laurie]
1978 *) Add optional 64-bit optimized implementations of elliptic curves NIST-P224,
1979 NIST-P256, NIST-P521, with constant-time single point multiplication on
1980 typical inputs. Compiler support for the nonstandard type __uint128_t is
1981 required to use this (present in gcc 4.4 and later, for 64-bit builds).
1982 Code made available under Apache License version 2.0.
1984 Specify "enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128" on the Configure (or config) command
1985 line to include this in your build of OpenSSL, and run "make depend" (or
1986 "make update"). This enables the following EC_METHODs:
1988 EC_GFp_nistp224_method()
1989 EC_GFp_nistp256_method()
1990 EC_GFp_nistp521_method()
1992 EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name() will automatically use these (while
1993 EC_GROUP_new_curve_GFp() currently prefers the more flexible
1995 [Emilia Käsper, Adam Langley, Bodo Moeller (Google)]
1997 *) Use type ossl_ssize_t instad of ssize_t which isn't available on
1998 all platforms. Move ssize_t definition from e_os.h to the public
1999 header file e_os2.h as it now appears in public header file cms.h
2002 *) New -sigopt option to the ca, req and x509 utilities. Additional
2003 signature parameters can be passed using this option and in
2007 *) Add RSA PSS signing function. This will generate and set the
2008 appropriate AlgorithmIdentifiers for PSS based on those in the
2009 corresponding EVP_MD_CTX structure. No application support yet.
2012 *) Support for companion algorithm specific ASN1 signing routines.
2013 New function ASN1_item_sign_ctx() signs a pre-initialised
2014 EVP_MD_CTX structure and sets AlgorithmIdentifiers based on
2015 the appropriate parameters.
2018 *) Add new algorithm specific ASN1 verification initialisation function
2019 to EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD: this is not in EVP_PKEY_METHOD since the ASN1
2020 handling will be the same no matter what EVP_PKEY_METHOD is used.
2021 Add a PSS handler to support verification of PSS signatures: checked
2022 against a number of sample certificates.
2025 *) Add signature printing for PSS. Add PSS OIDs.
2026 [Steve Henson, Martin Kaiser <lists@kaiser.cx>]
2028 *) Add algorithm specific signature printing. An individual ASN1 method
2029 can now print out signatures instead of the standard hex dump.
2031 More complex signatures (e.g. PSS) can print out more meaningful
2032 information. Include DSA version that prints out the signature
2036 *) Password based recipient info support for CMS library: implementing
2040 *) Split password based encryption into PBES2 and PBKDF2 functions. This
2041 neatly separates the code into cipher and PBE sections and is required
2042 for some algorithms that split PBES2 into separate pieces (such as
2043 password based CMS).
2046 *) Session-handling fixes:
2047 - Fix handling of connections that are resuming with a session ID,
2048 but also support Session Tickets.
2049 - Fix a bug that suppressed issuing of a new ticket if the client
2050 presented a ticket with an expired session.
2051 - Try to set the ticket lifetime hint to something reasonable.
2052 - Make tickets shorter by excluding irrelevant information.
2053 - On the client side, don't ignore renewed tickets.
2054 [Adam Langley, Bodo Moeller (Google)]
2056 *) Fix PSK session representation.
2059 *) Add RC4-MD5 and AESNI-SHA1 "stitched" implementations.
2061 This work was sponsored by Intel.
2064 *) Add GCM support to TLS library. Some custom code is needed to split
2065 the IV between the fixed (from PRF) and explicit (from TLS record)
2066 portions. This adds all GCM ciphersuites supported by RFC5288 and
2067 RFC5289. Generalise some AES* cipherstrings to include GCM and
2068 add a special AESGCM string for GCM only.
2071 *) Expand range of ctrls for AES GCM. Permit setting invocation
2072 field on decrypt and retrieval of invocation field only on encrypt.
2075 *) Add HMAC ECC ciphersuites from RFC5289. Include SHA384 PRF support.
2076 As required by RFC5289 these ciphersuites cannot be used if for
2077 versions of TLS earlier than 1.2.
2080 *) For FIPS capable OpenSSL interpret a NULL default public key method
2081 as unset and return the appropriate default but do *not* set the default.
2082 This means we can return the appropriate method in applications that
2083 switch between FIPS and non-FIPS modes.
2086 *) Redirect HMAC and CMAC operations to FIPS module in FIPS mode. If an
2087 ENGINE is used then we cannot handle that in the FIPS module so we
2088 keep original code iff non-FIPS operations are allowed.
2091 *) Add -attime option to openssl utilities.
2092 [Peter Eckersley <pde@eff.org>, Ben Laurie and Steve Henson]
2094 *) Redirect DSA and DH operations to FIPS module in FIPS mode.
2097 *) Redirect ECDSA and ECDH operations to FIPS module in FIPS mode. Also use
2098 FIPS EC methods unconditionally for now.
2101 *) New build option no-ec2m to disable characteristic 2 code.
2104 *) Backport libcrypto audit of return value checking from 1.1.0-dev; not
2105 all cases can be covered as some introduce binary incompatibilities.
2108 *) Redirect RSA operations to FIPS module including keygen,
2109 encrypt, decrypt, sign and verify. Block use of non FIPS RSA methods.
2112 *) Add similar low level API blocking to ciphers.
2115 *) Low level digest APIs are not approved in FIPS mode: any attempt
2116 to use these will cause a fatal error. Applications that *really* want
2117 to use them can use the private_* version instead.
2120 *) Redirect cipher operations to FIPS module for FIPS builds.
2123 *) Redirect digest operations to FIPS module for FIPS builds.
2126 *) Update build system to add "fips" flag which will link in fipscanister.o
2127 for static and shared library builds embedding a signature if needed.
2130 *) Output TLS supported curves in preference order instead of numerical
2131 order. This is currently hardcoded for the highest order curves first.
2132 This should be configurable so applications can judge speed vs strength.
2135 *) Add TLS v1.2 server support for client authentication.
2138 *) Add support for FIPS mode in ssl library: disable SSLv3, non-FIPS ciphers
2142 *) Functions FIPS_mode_set() and FIPS_mode() which call the underlying
2143 FIPS modules versions.
2146 *) Add TLS v1.2 client side support for client authentication. Keep cache
2147 of handshake records longer as we don't know the hash algorithm to use
2148 until after the certificate request message is received.
2151 *) Initial TLS v1.2 client support. Add a default signature algorithms
2152 extension including all the algorithms we support. Parse new signature
2153 format in client key exchange. Relax some ECC signing restrictions for
2154 TLS v1.2 as indicated in RFC5246.
2157 *) Add server support for TLS v1.2 signature algorithms extension. Switch
2158 to new signature format when needed using client digest preference.
2159 All server ciphersuites should now work correctly in TLS v1.2. No client
2160 support yet and no support for client certificates.
2163 *) Initial TLS v1.2 support. Add new SHA256 digest to ssl code, switch
2164 to SHA256 for PRF when using TLS v1.2 and later. Add new SHA256 based
2165 ciphersuites. At present only RSA key exchange ciphersuites work with
2166 TLS v1.2. Add new option for TLS v1.2 replacing the old and obsolete
2167 SSL_OP_PKCS1_CHECK flags with SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_2. New TLSv1.2 methods
2168 and version checking.
2171 *) New option OPENSSL_NO_SSL_INTERN. If an application can be compiled
2172 with this defined it will not be affected by any changes to ssl internal
2173 structures. Add several utility functions to allow openssl application
2174 to work with OPENSSL_NO_SSL_INTERN defined.
2178 [Tom Wu <tjw@cs.stanford.edu> and Ben Laurie]
2180 *) Add functions to copy EVP_PKEY_METHOD and retrieve flags and id.
2183 *) Permit abbreviated handshakes when renegotiating using the function
2184 SSL_renegotiate_abbreviated().
2185 [Robin Seggelmann <seggelmann@fh-muenster.de>]
2187 *) Add call to ENGINE_register_all_complete() to
2188 ENGINE_load_builtin_engines(), so some implementations get used
2189 automatically instead of needing explicit application support.
2192 *) Add support for TLS key exporter as described in RFC5705.
2193 [Robin Seggelmann <seggelmann@fh-muenster.de>, Steve Henson]
2195 *) Initial TLSv1.1 support. Since TLSv1.1 is very similar to TLS v1.0 only
2196 a few changes are required:
2198 Add SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1 flag.
2199 Add TLSv1_1 methods.
2200 Update version checking logic to handle version 1.1.
2201 Add explicit IV handling (ported from DTLS code).
2202 Add command line options to s_client/s_server.
2205 Changes between 1.0.0g and 1.0.0h [12 Mar 2012]
2207 *) Fix MMA (Bleichenbacher's attack on PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA padding) weakness
2208 in CMS and PKCS7 code. When RSA decryption fails use a random key for
2209 content decryption and always return the same error. Note: this attack
2210 needs on average 2^20 messages so it only affects automated senders. The
2211 old behaviour can be reenabled in the CMS code by setting the
2212 CMS_DEBUG_DECRYPT flag: this is useful for debugging and testing where
2213 an MMA defence is not necessary.
2214 Thanks to Ivan Nestlerode <inestlerode@us.ibm.com> for discovering
2215 this issue. (CVE-2012-0884)
2218 *) Fix CVE-2011-4619: make sure we really are receiving a
2219 client hello before rejecting multiple SGC restarts. Thanks to
2220 Ivan Nestlerode <inestlerode@us.ibm.com> for discovering this bug.
2223 Changes between 1.0.0f and 1.0.0g [18 Jan 2012]
2225 *) Fix for DTLS DoS issue introduced by fix for CVE-2011-4109.
2226 Thanks to Antonio Martin, Enterprise Secure Access Research and
2227 Development, Cisco Systems, Inc. for discovering this bug and
2228 preparing a fix. (CVE-2012-0050)
2231 Changes between 1.0.0e and 1.0.0f [4 Jan 2012]
2233 *) Nadhem Alfardan and Kenny Paterson have discovered an extension
2234 of the Vaudenay padding oracle attack on CBC mode encryption
2235 which enables an efficient plaintext recovery attack against
2236 the OpenSSL implementation of DTLS. Their attack exploits timing
2237 differences arising during decryption processing. A research
2238 paper describing this attack can be found at:
2239 http://www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/~kp/dtls.pdf
2240 Thanks go to Nadhem Alfardan and Kenny Paterson of the Information
2241 Security Group at Royal Holloway, University of London
2242 (www.isg.rhul.ac.uk) for discovering this flaw and to Robin Seggelmann
2243 <seggelmann@fh-muenster.de> and Michael Tuexen <tuexen@fh-muenster.de>
2244 for preparing the fix. (CVE-2011-4108)
2245 [Robin Seggelmann, Michael Tuexen]
2247 *) Clear bytes used for block padding of SSL 3.0 records.
2249 [Adam Langley (Google)]
2251 *) Only allow one SGC handshake restart for SSL/TLS. Thanks to George
2252 Kadianakis <desnacked@gmail.com> for discovering this issue and
2253 Adam Langley for preparing the fix. (CVE-2011-4619)
2254 [Adam Langley (Google)]
2256 *) Check parameters are not NULL in GOST ENGINE. (CVE-2012-0027)
2257 [Andrey Kulikov <amdeich@gmail.com>]
2259 *) Prevent malformed RFC3779 data triggering an assertion failure.
2260 Thanks to Andrew Chi, BBN Technologies, for discovering the flaw
2261 and Rob Austein <sra@hactrn.net> for fixing it. (CVE-2011-4577)
2262 [Rob Austein <sra@hactrn.net>]
2264 *) Improved PRNG seeding for VOS.
2265 [Paul Green <Paul.Green@stratus.com>]
2267 *) Fix ssl_ciph.c set-up race.
2268 [Adam Langley (Google)]
2270 *) Fix spurious failures in ecdsatest.c.
2271 [Emilia Käsper (Google)]
2273 *) Fix the BIO_f_buffer() implementation (which was mixing different
2274 interpretations of the '..._len' fields).
2275 [Adam Langley (Google)]
2277 *) Fix handling of BN_BLINDING: now BN_BLINDING_invert_ex (rather than
2278 BN_BLINDING_invert_ex) calls BN_BLINDING_update, ensuring that concurrent
2279 threads won't reuse the same blinding coefficients.
2281 This also avoids the need to obtain the CRYPTO_LOCK_RSA_BLINDING
2282 lock to call BN_BLINDING_invert_ex, and avoids one use of
2283 BN_BLINDING_update for each BN_BLINDING structure (previously,
2284 the last update always remained unused).
2285 [Emilia Käsper (Google)]
2287 *) In ssl3_clear, preserve s3->init_extra along with s3->rbuf.
2288 [Bob Buckholz (Google)]
2290 Changes between 1.0.0d and 1.0.0e [6 Sep 2011]
2292 *) Fix bug where CRLs with nextUpdate in the past are sometimes accepted
2293 by initialising X509_STORE_CTX properly. (CVE-2011-3207)
2294 [Kaspar Brand <ossl@velox.ch>]
2296 *) Fix SSL memory handling for (EC)DH ciphersuites, in particular
2297 for multi-threaded use of ECDH. (CVE-2011-3210)
2298 [Adam Langley (Google)]
2300 *) Fix x509_name_ex_d2i memory leak on bad inputs.
2303 *) Remove hard coded ecdsaWithSHA1 signature tests in ssl code and check
2304 signature public key algorithm by using OID xref utilities instead.
2305 Before this you could only use some ECC ciphersuites with SHA1 only.
2308 *) Add protection against ECDSA timing attacks as mentioned in the paper
2309 by Billy Bob Brumley and Nicola Tuveri, see:
2311 http://eprint.iacr.org/2011/232.pdf
2313 [Billy Bob Brumley and Nicola Tuveri]
2315 Changes between 1.0.0c and 1.0.0d [8 Feb 2011]
2317 *) Fix parsing of OCSP stapling ClientHello extension. CVE-2011-0014
2318 [Neel Mehta, Adam Langley, Bodo Moeller (Google)]
2320 *) Fix bug in string printing code: if *any* escaping is enabled we must
2321 escape the escape character (backslash) or the resulting string is
2325 Changes between 1.0.0b and 1.0.0c [2 Dec 2010]
2327 *) Disable code workaround for ancient and obsolete Netscape browsers
2328 and servers: an attacker can use it in a ciphersuite downgrade attack.
2329 Thanks to Martin Rex for discovering this bug. CVE-2010-4180
2332 *) Fixed J-PAKE implementation error, originally discovered by
2333 Sebastien Martini, further info and confirmation from Stefan
2334 Arentz and Feng Hao. Note that this fix is a security fix. CVE-2010-4252
2337 Changes between 1.0.0a and 1.0.0b [16 Nov 2010]
2339 *) Fix extension code to avoid race conditions which can result in a buffer
2340 overrun vulnerability: resumed sessions must not be modified as they can
2341 be shared by multiple threads. CVE-2010-3864
2344 *) Fix WIN32 build system to correctly link an ENGINE directory into
2348 Changes between 1.0.0 and 1.0.0a [01 Jun 2010]
2350 *) Check return value of int_rsa_verify in pkey_rsa_verifyrecover
2352 [Steve Henson, Peter-Michael Hager <hager@dortmund.net>]
2354 Changes between 0.9.8n and 1.0.0 [29 Mar 2010]
2356 *) Add "missing" function EVP_CIPHER_CTX_copy(). This copies a cipher
2357 context. The operation can be customised via the ctrl mechanism in
2358 case ENGINEs want to include additional functionality.
2361 *) Tolerate yet another broken PKCS#8 key format: private key value negative.
2364 *) Add new -subject_hash_old and -issuer_hash_old options to x509 utility to
2365 output hashes compatible with older versions of OpenSSL.
2366 [Willy Weisz <weisz@vcpc.univie.ac.at>]
2368 *) Fix compression algorithm handling: if resuming a session use the
2369 compression algorithm of the resumed session instead of determining
2370 it from client hello again. Don't allow server to change algorithm.
2373 *) Add load_crls() function to apps tidying load_certs() too. Add option
2374 to verify utility to allow additional CRLs to be included.
2377 *) Update OCSP request code to permit adding custom headers to the request:
2378 some responders need this.
2381 *) The function EVP_PKEY_sign() returns <=0 on error: check return code
2383 [Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>]
2385 *) Update verify callback code in apps/s_cb.c and apps/verify.c, it
2386 needlessly dereferenced structures, used obsolete functions and
2387 didn't handle all updated verify codes correctly.
2390 *) Disable MD2 in the default configuration.
2393 *) In BIO_pop() and BIO_push() use the ctrl argument (which was NULL) to
2394 indicate the initial BIO being pushed or popped. This makes it possible
2395 to determine whether the BIO is the one explicitly called or as a result
2396 of the ctrl being passed down the chain. Fix BIO_pop() and SSL BIOs so
2397 it handles reference counts correctly and doesn't zero out the I/O bio
2398 when it is not being explicitly popped. WARNING: applications which
2399 included workarounds for the old buggy behaviour will need to be modified
2400 or they could free up already freed BIOs.
2403 *) Extend the uni2asc/asc2uni => OPENSSL_uni2asc/OPENSSL_asc2uni
2404 renaming to all platforms (within the 0.9.8 branch, this was
2405 done conditionally on Netware platforms to avoid a name clash).
2406 [Guenter <lists@gknw.net>]
2408 *) Add ECDHE and PSK support to DTLS.
2409 [Michael Tuexen <tuexen@fh-muenster.de>]
2411 *) Add CHECKED_STACK_OF macro to safestack.h, otherwise safestack can't
2415 *) Add "missing" function EVP_MD_flags() (without this the only way to
2416 retrieve a digest flags is by accessing the structure directly. Update
2417 EVP_MD_do_all*() and EVP_CIPHER_do_all*() to include the name a digest
2418 or cipher is registered as in the "from" argument. Print out all
2419 registered digests in the dgst usage message instead of manually
2420 attempting to work them out.
2423 *) If no SSLv2 ciphers are used don't use an SSLv2 compatible client hello:
2424 this allows the use of compression and extensions. Change default cipher
2425 string to remove SSLv2 ciphersuites. This effectively avoids ancient SSLv2
2426 by default unless an application cipher string requests it.
2429 *) Alter match criteria in PKCS12_parse(). It used to try to use local
2430 key ids to find matching certificates and keys but some PKCS#12 files
2431 don't follow the (somewhat unwritten) rules and this strategy fails.
2432 Now just gather all certificates together and the first private key
2433 then look for the first certificate that matches the key.
2436 *) Support use of registered digest and cipher names for dgst and cipher
2437 commands instead of having to add each one as a special case. So now
2444 openssl dgst -sha256 foo
2446 and this works for ENGINE based algorithms too.
2450 *) Update Gost ENGINE to support parameter files.
2451 [Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>]
2453 *) Support GeneralizedTime in ca utility.
2454 [Oliver Martin <oliver@volatilevoid.net>, Steve Henson]
2456 *) Enhance the hash format used for certificate directory links. The new
2457 form uses the canonical encoding (meaning equivalent names will work
2458 even if they aren't identical) and uses SHA1 instead of MD5. This form
2459 is incompatible with the older format and as a result c_rehash should
2460 be used to rebuild symbolic links.
2463 *) Make PKCS#8 the default write format for private keys, replacing the
2464 traditional format. This form is standardised, more secure and doesn't
2465 include an implicit MD5 dependency.
2468 *) Add a $gcc_devteam_warn option to Configure. The idea is that any code
2469 committed to OpenSSL should pass this lot as a minimum.
2472 *) Add session ticket override functionality for use by EAP-FAST.
2473 [Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi>]
2475 *) Modify HMAC functions to return a value. Since these can be implemented
2476 in an ENGINE errors can occur.
2479 *) Type-checked OBJ_bsearch_ex.
2482 *) Type-checked OBJ_bsearch. Also some constification necessitated
2483 by type-checking. Still to come: TXT_DB, bsearch(?),
2484 OBJ_bsearch_ex, qsort, CRYPTO_EX_DATA, ASN1_VALUE, ASN1_STRING,
2488 *) New function OPENSSL_gmtime_adj() to add a specific number of days and
2489 seconds to a tm structure directly, instead of going through OS
2490 specific date routines. This avoids any issues with OS routines such
2491 as the year 2038 bug. New *_adj() functions for ASN1 time structures
2492 and X509_time_adj_ex() to cover the extended range. The existing
2493 X509_time_adj() is still usable and will no longer have any date issues.
2496 *) Delta CRL support. New use deltas option which will attempt to locate
2497 and search any appropriate delta CRLs available.
2499 This work was sponsored by Google.
2502 *) Support for CRLs partitioned by reason code. Reorganise CRL processing
2503 code and add additional score elements. Validate alternate CRL paths
2504 as part of the CRL checking and indicate a new error "CRL path validation
2505 error" in this case. Applications wanting additional details can use
2506 the verify callback and check the new "parent" field. If this is not
2507 NULL CRL path validation is taking place. Existing applications wont
2508 see this because it requires extended CRL support which is off by
2511 This work was sponsored by Google.
2514 *) Support for freshest CRL extension.
2516 This work was sponsored by Google.
2519 *) Initial indirect CRL support. Currently only supported in the CRLs
2520 passed directly and not via lookup. Process certificate issuer
2521 CRL entry extension and lookup CRL entries by bother issuer name
2522 and serial number. Check and process CRL issuer entry in IDP extension.
2524 This work was sponsored by Google.
2527 *) Add support for distinct certificate and CRL paths. The CRL issuer
2528 certificate is validated separately in this case. Only enabled if
2529 an extended CRL support flag is set: this flag will enable additional
2530 CRL functionality in future.
2532 This work was sponsored by Google.
2535 *) Add support for policy mappings extension.
2537 This work was sponsored by Google.
2540 *) Fixes to pathlength constraint, self issued certificate handling,
2541 policy processing to align with RFC3280 and PKITS tests.
2543 This work was sponsored by Google.
2546 *) Support for name constraints certificate extension. DN, email, DNS
2547 and URI types are currently supported.
2549 This work was sponsored by Google.
2552 *) To cater for systems that provide a pointer-based thread ID rather
2553 than numeric, deprecate the current numeric thread ID mechanism and
2554 replace it with a structure and associated callback type. This
2555 mechanism allows a numeric "hash" to be extracted from a thread ID in
2556 either case, and on platforms where pointers are larger than 'long',
2557 mixing is done to help ensure the numeric 'hash' is usable even if it
2558 can't be guaranteed unique. The default mechanism is to use "&errno"
2559 as a pointer-based thread ID to distinguish between threads.
2561 Applications that want to provide their own thread IDs should now use
2562 CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback() to register a callback that will call
2563 either CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric() or CRYPTO_THREADID_set_pointer().
2565 Note that ERR_remove_state() is now deprecated, because it is tied
2566 to the assumption that thread IDs are numeric. ERR_remove_state(0)
2567 to free the current thread's error state should be replaced by
2568 ERR_remove_thread_state(NULL).
2570 (This new approach replaces the functions CRYPTO_set_idptr_callback(),
2571 CRYPTO_get_idptr_callback(), and CRYPTO_thread_idptr() that existed in
2572 OpenSSL 0.9.9-dev between June 2006 and August 2008. Also, if an
2573 application was previously providing a numeric thread callback that
2574 was inappropriate for distinguishing threads, then uniqueness might
2575 have been obtained with &errno that happened immediately in the
2576 intermediate development versions of OpenSSL; this is no longer the
2577 case, the numeric thread callback will now override the automatic use
2579 [Geoff Thorpe, with help from Bodo Moeller]
2581 *) Initial support for different CRL issuing certificates. This covers a
2582 simple case where the self issued certificates in the chain exist and
2583 the real CRL issuer is higher in the existing chain.
2585 This work was sponsored by Google.
2588 *) Removed effectively defunct crypto/store from the build.
2591 *) Revamp of STACK to provide stronger type-checking. Still to come:
2592 TXT_DB, bsearch(?), OBJ_bsearch, qsort, CRYPTO_EX_DATA, ASN1_VALUE,
2593 ASN1_STRING, CONF_VALUE.
2596 *) Add a new SSL_MODE_RELEASE_BUFFERS mode flag to release unused buffer
2597 RAM on SSL connections. This option can save about 34k per idle SSL.
2600 *) Revamp of LHASH to provide stronger type-checking. Still to come:
2601 STACK, TXT_DB, bsearch, qsort.
2604 *) Initial support for Cryptographic Message Syntax (aka CMS) based
2605 on RFC3850, RFC3851 and RFC3852. New cms directory and cms utility,
2606 support for data, signedData, compressedData, digestedData and
2607 encryptedData, envelopedData types included. Scripts to check against
2608 RFC4134 examples draft and interop and consistency checks of many
2609 content types and variants.
2612 *) Add options to enc utility to support use of zlib compression BIO.
2615 *) Extend mk1mf to support importing of options and assembly language
2616 files from Configure script, currently only included in VC-WIN32.
2617 The assembly language rules can now optionally generate the source
2618 files from the associated perl scripts.
2621 *) Implement remaining functionality needed to support GOST ciphersuites.
2622 Interop testing has been performed using CryptoPro implementations.
2623 [Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>]
2625 *) s390x assembler pack.
2628 *) ARMv4 assembler pack. ARMv4 refers to v4 and later ISA, not CPU
2632 *) Implement Opaque PRF Input TLS extension as specified in
2633 draft-rescorla-tls-opaque-prf-input-00.txt. Since this is not an
2634 official specification yet and no extension type assignment by
2635 IANA exists, this extension (for now) will have to be explicitly
2636 enabled when building OpenSSL by providing the extension number
2637 to use. For example, specify an option
2639 -DTLSEXT_TYPE_opaque_prf_input=0x9527
2641 to the "config" or "Configure" script to enable the extension,
2642 assuming extension number 0x9527 (which is a completely arbitrary
2643 and unofficial assignment based on the MD5 hash of the Internet
2644 Draft). Note that by doing so, you potentially lose
2645 interoperability with other TLS implementations since these might
2646 be using the same extension number for other purposes.
2648 SSL_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input(ssl, src, len) is used to set the
2649 opaque PRF input value to use in the handshake. This will create
2650 an interal copy of the length-'len' string at 'src', and will
2651 return non-zero for success.
2653 To get more control and flexibility, provide a callback function
2656 SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input_callback(ctx, cb)
2657 SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input_callback_arg(ctx, arg)
2661 int (*cb)(SSL *, void *peerinput, size_t len, void *arg);
2664 Callback function 'cb' will be called in handshakes, and is
2665 expected to use SSL_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input() as appropriate.
2666 Argument 'arg' is for application purposes (the value as given to
2667 SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_opaque_prf_input_callback_arg() will directly
2668 be provided to the callback function). The callback function
2669 has to return non-zero to report success: usually 1 to use opaque
2670 PRF input just if possible, or 2 to enforce use of the opaque PRF
2671 input. In the latter case, the library will abort the handshake
2672 if opaque PRF input is not successfully negotiated.
2674 Arguments 'peerinput' and 'len' given to the callback function
2675 will always be NULL and 0 in the case of a client. A server will
2676 see the client's opaque PRF input through these variables if
2677 available (NULL and 0 otherwise). Note that if the server
2678 provides an opaque PRF input, the length must be the same as the
2679 length of the client's opaque PRF input.
2681 Note that the callback function will only be called when creating
2682 a new session (session resumption can resume whatever was
2683 previously negotiated), and will not be called in SSL 2.0
2684 handshakes; thus, SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2) or
2685 SSL_set_options(ssl, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2) is especially recommended
2686 for applications that need to enforce opaque PRF input.
2690 *) Update ssl code to support digests other than SHA1+MD5 for handshake
2693 [Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>]
2695 *) Add RFC4507 support to OpenSSL. This includes the corrections in
2696 RFC4507bis. The encrypted ticket format is an encrypted encoded
2697 SSL_SESSION structure, that way new session features are automatically
2700 If a client application caches session in an SSL_SESSION structure
2701 support is transparent because tickets are now stored in the encoded
2704 The SSL_CTX structure automatically generates keys for ticket
2705 protection in servers so again support should be possible
2706 with no application modification.
2708 If a client or server wishes to disable RFC4507 support then the option
2709 SSL_OP_NO_TICKET can be set.
2711 Add a TLS extension debugging callback to allow the contents of any client
2712 or server extensions to be examined.
2714 This work was sponsored by Google.
2717 *) Final changes to avoid use of pointer pointer casts in OpenSSL.
2718 OpenSSL should now compile cleanly on gcc 4.2
2719 [Peter Hartley <pdh@utter.chaos.org.uk>, Steve Henson]
2721 *) Update SSL library to use new EVP_PKEY MAC API. Include generic MAC
2722 support including streaming MAC support: this is required for GOST
2723 ciphersuite support.
2724 [Victor B. Wagner <vitus@cryptocom.ru>, Steve Henson]
2726 *) Add option -stream to use PKCS#7 streaming in smime utility. New
2727 function i2d_PKCS7_bio_stream() and PEM_write_PKCS7_bio_stream()
2728 to output in BER and PEM format.
2731 *) Experimental support for use of HMAC via EVP_PKEY interface. This
2732 allows HMAC to be handled via the EVP_DigestSign*() interface. The
2733 EVP_PKEY "key" in this case is the HMAC key, potentially allowing
2734 ENGINE support for HMAC keys which are unextractable. New -mac and
2735 -macopt options to dgst utility.
2738 *) New option -sigopt to dgst utility. Update dgst to use
2739 EVP_Digest{Sign,Verify}*. These two changes make it possible to use
2740 alternative signing paramaters such as X9.31 or PSS in the dgst
2744 *) Change ssl_cipher_apply_rule(), the internal function that does
2745 the work each time a ciphersuite string requests enabling
2746 ("foo+bar"), moving ("+foo+bar"), disabling ("-foo+bar", or
2747 removing ("!foo+bar") a class of ciphersuites: Now it maintains
2748 the order of disabled ciphersuites such that those ciphersuites
2749 that most recently went from enabled to disabled not only stay
2750 in order with respect to each other, but also have higher priority
2751 than other disabled ciphersuites the next time ciphersuites are
2754 This means that you can now say, e.g., "PSK:-PSK:HIGH" to enable
2755 the same ciphersuites as with "HIGH" alone, but in a specific
2756 order where the PSK ciphersuites come first (since they are the
2757 most recently disabled ciphersuites when "HIGH" is parsed).
2759 Also, change ssl_create_cipher_list() (using this new
2760 funcionality) such that between otherwise identical
2761 cihpersuites, ephemeral ECDH is preferred over ephemeral DH in
2765 *) Change ssl_create_cipher_list() so that it automatically
2766 arranges the ciphersuites in reasonable order before starting
2767 to process the rule string. Thus, the definition for "DEFAULT"
2768 (SSL_DEFAULT_CIPHER_LIST) now is just "ALL:!aNULL:!eNULL", but
2769 remains equivalent to "AES:ALL:!aNULL:!eNULL:+aECDH:+kRSA:+RC4:@STRENGTH".
2770 This makes it much easier to arrive at a reasonable default order
2771 in applications for which anonymous ciphers are OK (meaning
2772 that you can't actually use DEFAULT).
2773 [Bodo Moeller; suggested by Victor Duchovni]
2775 *) Split the SSL/TLS algorithm mask (as used for ciphersuite string
2776 processing) into multiple integers instead of setting
2777 "SSL_MKEY_MASK" bits, "SSL_AUTH_MASK" bits, "SSL_ENC_MASK",
2778 "SSL_MAC_MASK", and "SSL_SSL_MASK" bits all in a single integer.
2779 (These masks as well as the individual bit definitions are hidden
2780 away into the non-exported interface ssl/ssl_locl.h, so this
2781 change to the definition of the SSL_CIPHER structure shouldn't
2782 affect applications.) This give us more bits for each of these
2783 categories, so there is no longer a need to coagulate AES128 and
2784 AES256 into a single algorithm bit, and to coagulate Camellia128
2785 and Camellia256 into a single algorithm bit, which has led to all
2788 Thus, among other things, the kludge introduced in 0.9.7m and
2789 0.9.8e for masking out AES256 independently of AES128 or masking
2790 out Camellia256 independently of AES256 is not needed here in 0.9.9.
2792 With the change, we also introduce new ciphersuite aliases that
2793 so far were missing: "AES128", "AES256", "CAMELLIA128", and
2797 *) Add support for dsa-with-SHA224 and dsa-with-SHA256.
2798 Use the leftmost N bytes of the signature input if the input is
2799 larger than the prime q (with N being the size in bytes of q).
2802 *) Very *very* experimental PKCS#7 streaming encoder support. Nothing uses
2803 it yet and it is largely untested.
2806 *) Add support for the ecdsa-with-SHA224/256/384/512 signature types.
2809 *) Initial incomplete changes to avoid need for function casts in OpenSSL
2810 some compilers (gcc 4.2 and later) reject their use. Safestack is
2811 reimplemented. Update ASN1 to avoid use of legacy functions.
2814 *) Win32/64 targets are linked with Winsock2.
2817 *) Add an X509_CRL_METHOD structure to allow CRL processing to be redirected
2818 to external functions. This can be used to increase CRL handling
2819 efficiency especially when CRLs are very large by (for example) storing
2820 the CRL revoked certificates in a database.
2823 *) Overhaul of by_dir code. Add support for dynamic loading of CRLs so
2824 new CRLs added to a directory can be used. New command line option
2825 -verify_return_error to s_client and s_server. This causes real errors
2826 to be returned by the verify callback instead of carrying on no matter
2827 what. This reflects the way a "real world" verify callback would behave.
2830 *) GOST engine, supporting several GOST algorithms and public key formats.
2831 Kindly donated by Cryptocom.
2834 *) Partial support for Issuing Distribution Point CRL extension. CRLs
2835 partitioned by DP are handled but no indirect CRL or reason partitioning
2836 (yet). Complete overhaul of CRL handling: now the most suitable CRL is
2837 selected via a scoring technique which handles IDP and AKID in CRLs.
2840 *) New X509_STORE_CTX callbacks lookup_crls() and lookup_certs() which
2841 will ultimately be used for all verify operations: this will remove the
2842 X509_STORE dependency on certificate verification and allow alternative
2843 lookup methods. X509_STORE based implementations of these two callbacks.
2846 *) Allow multiple CRLs to exist in an X509_STORE with matching issuer names.
2847 Modify get_crl() to find a valid (unexpired) CRL if possible.
2850 *) New function X509_CRL_match() to check if two CRLs are identical. Normally
2851 this would be called X509_CRL_cmp() but that name is already used by
2852 a function that just compares CRL issuer names. Cache several CRL
2853 extensions in X509_CRL structure and cache CRLDP in X509.
2856 *) Store a "canonical" representation of X509_NAME structure (ASN1 Name)
2857 this maps equivalent X509_NAME structures into a consistent structure.
2858 Name comparison can then be performed rapidly using memcmp().
2861 *) Non-blocking OCSP request processing. Add -timeout option to ocsp
2865 *) Allow digests to supply their own micalg string for S/MIME type using
2866 the ctrl EVP_MD_CTRL_MICALG.
2869 *) During PKCS7 signing pass the PKCS7 SignerInfo structure to the
2870 EVP_PKEY_METHOD before and after signing via the EVP_PKEY_CTRL_PKCS7_SIGN
2871 ctrl. It can then customise the structure before and/or after signing
2875 *) New function OBJ_add_sigid() to allow application defined signature OIDs
2876 to be added to OpenSSLs internal tables. New function OBJ_sigid_free()
2877 to free up any added signature OIDs.
2880 *) New functions EVP_CIPHER_do_all(), EVP_CIPHER_do_all_sorted(),
2881 EVP_MD_do_all() and EVP_MD_do_all_sorted() to enumerate internal
2882 digest and cipher tables. New options added to openssl utility:
2883 list-message-digest-algorithms and list-cipher-algorithms.
2886 *) Change the array representation of binary polynomials: the list
2887 of degrees of non-zero coefficients is now terminated with -1.
2888 Previously it was terminated with 0, which was also part of the
2889 value; thus, the array representation was not applicable to
2890 polynomials where t^0 has coefficient zero. This change makes
2891 the array representation useful in a more general context.
2894 *) Various modifications and fixes to SSL/TLS cipher string
2895 handling. For ECC, the code now distinguishes between fixed ECDH
2896 with RSA certificates on the one hand and with ECDSA certificates
2897 on the other hand, since these are separate ciphersuites. The
2898 unused code for Fortezza ciphersuites has been removed.
2900 For consistency with EDH, ephemeral ECDH is now called "EECDH"
2901 (not "ECDHE"). For consistency with the code for DH
2902 certificates, use of ECDH certificates is now considered ECDH
2903 authentication, not RSA or ECDSA authentication (the latter is
2904 merely the CA's signing algorithm and not actively used in the
2907 The temporary ciphersuite alias "ECCdraft" is no longer
2908 available, and ECC ciphersuites are no longer excluded from "ALL"
2909 and "DEFAULT". The following aliases now exist for RFC 4492
2910 ciphersuites, most of these by analogy with the DH case:
2912 kECDHr - ECDH cert, signed with RSA
2913 kECDHe - ECDH cert, signed with ECDSA
2914 kECDH - ECDH cert (signed with either RSA or ECDSA)
2915 kEECDH - ephemeral ECDH
2916 ECDH - ECDH cert or ephemeral ECDH
2922 AECDH - anonymous ECDH
2923 EECDH - non-anonymous ephemeral ECDH (equivalent to "kEECDH:-AECDH")
2927 *) Add additional S/MIME capabilities for AES and GOST ciphers if supported.
2928 Use correct micalg parameters depending on digest(s) in signed message.
2931 *) Add engine support for EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD. Add functions to process
2932 an ENGINE asn1 method. Support ENGINE lookups in the ASN1 code.
2935 *) Initial engine support for EVP_PKEY_METHOD. New functions to permit
2936 an engine to register a method. Add ENGINE lookups for methods and
2937 functional reference processing.
2940 *) New functions EVP_Digest{Sign,Verify)*. These are enchance versions of
2941 EVP_{Sign,Verify}* which allow an application to customise the signature
2945 *) New -resign option to smime utility. This adds one or more signers
2946 to an existing PKCS#7 signedData structure. Also -md option to use an
2947 alternative message digest algorithm for signing.
2950 *) Tidy up PKCS#7 routines and add new functions to make it easier to
2951 create PKCS7 structures containing multiple signers. Update smime
2952 application to support multiple signers.
2955 *) New -macalg option to pkcs12 utility to allow setting of an alternative
2959 *) Initial support for PKCS#5 v2.0 PRFs other than default SHA1 HMAC.
2960 Reorganize PBE internals to lookup from a static table using NIDs,
2961 add support for HMAC PBE OID translation. Add a EVP_CIPHER ctrl:
2962 EVP_CTRL_PBE_PRF_NID this allows a cipher to specify an alternative
2963 PRF which will be automatically used with PBES2.
2966 *) Replace the algorithm specific calls to generate keys in "req" with the
2970 *) Update PKCS#7 enveloped data routines to use new API. This is now
2971 supported by any public key method supporting the encrypt operation. A
2972 ctrl is added to allow the public key algorithm to examine or modify
2973 the PKCS#7 RecipientInfo structure if it needs to: for RSA this is
2977 *) Add a ctrl to asn1 method to allow a public key algorithm to express
2978 a default digest type to use. In most cases this will be SHA1 but some
2979 algorithms (such as GOST) need to specify an alternative digest. The
2980 return value indicates how strong the preference is 1 means optional and
2981 2 is mandatory (that is it is the only supported type). Modify
2982 ASN1_item_sign() to accept a NULL digest argument to indicate it should
2983 use the default md. Update openssl utilities to use the default digest
2984 type for signing if it is not explicitly indicated.
2987 *) Use OID cross reference table in ASN1_sign() and ASN1_verify(). New
2988 EVP_MD flag EVP_MD_FLAG_PKEY_METHOD_SIGNATURE. This uses the relevant
2989 signing method from the key type. This effectively removes the link
2990 between digests and public key types.
2993 *) Add an OID cross reference table and utility functions. Its purpose is to
2994 translate between signature OIDs such as SHA1WithrsaEncryption and SHA1,
2995 rsaEncryption. This will allow some of the algorithm specific hackery
2996 needed to use the correct OID to be removed.
2999 *) Remove algorithm specific dependencies when setting PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO
3000 structures for PKCS7_sign(). They are now set up by the relevant public
3004 *) Add provisional EC pkey method with support for ECDSA and ECDH.
3007 *) Add support for key derivation (agreement) in the API, DH method and
3011 *) Add DSA pkey method and DH pkey methods, extend DH ASN1 method to support
3012 public and private key formats. As a side effect these add additional
3013 command line functionality not previously available: DSA signatures can be
3014 generated and verified using pkeyutl and DH key support and generation in
3019 [Oliver Tappe <zooey@hirschkaefer.de>]
3021 *) New make target "install_html_docs" installs HTML renditions of the
3023 [Oliver Tappe <zooey@hirschkaefer.de>]
3025 *) New utility "genpkey" this is analogous to "genrsa" etc except it can
3026 generate keys for any algorithm. Extend and update EVP_PKEY_METHOD to
3027 support key and parameter generation and add initial key generation
3028 functionality for RSA.
3031 *) Add functions for main EVP_PKEY_method operations. The undocumented
3032 functions EVP_PKEY_{encrypt,decrypt} have been renamed to
3033 EVP_PKEY_{encrypt,decrypt}_old.
3036 *) Initial definitions for EVP_PKEY_METHOD. This will be a high level public
3037 key API, doesn't do much yet.
3040 *) New function EVP_PKEY_asn1_get0_info() to retrieve information about
3041 public key algorithms. New option to openssl utility:
3042 "list-public-key-algorithms" to print out info.
3045 *) Implement the Supported Elliptic Curves Extension for
3046 ECC ciphersuites from draft-ietf-tls-ecc-12.txt.
3049 *) Don't free up OIDs in OBJ_cleanup() if they are in use by EVP_MD or
3050 EVP_CIPHER structures to avoid later problems in EVP_cleanup().
3053 *) New utilities pkey and pkeyparam. These are similar to algorithm specific
3054 utilities such as rsa, dsa, dsaparam etc except they process any key
3058 *) Transfer public key printing routines to EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD. New
3059 functions EVP_PKEY_print_public(), EVP_PKEY_print_private(),
3060 EVP_PKEY_print_param() to print public key data from an EVP_PKEY
3064 *) Initial support for pluggable public key ASN1.
3065 De-spaghettify the public key ASN1 handling. Move public and private
3066 key ASN1 handling to a new EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD structure. Relocate
3067 algorithm specific handling to a single module within the relevant
3068 algorithm directory. Add functions to allow (near) opaque processing
3069 of public and private key structures.
3072 *) Implement the Supported Point Formats Extension for
3073 ECC ciphersuites from draft-ietf-tls-ecc-12.txt.
3076 *) Add initial support for RFC 4279 PSK TLS ciphersuites. Add members
3077 for the psk identity [hint] and the psk callback functions to the
3078 SSL_SESSION, SSL and SSL_CTX structure.
3081 PSK-RC4-SHA, PSK-3DES-EDE-CBC-SHA, PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA,
3085 SSL_CTX_use_psk_identity_hint
3086 SSL_get_psk_identity_hint
3087 SSL_get_psk_identity
3088 SSL_use_psk_identity_hint
3090 [Mika Kousa and Pasi Eronen of Nokia Corporation]
3092 *) Add RFC 3161 compliant time stamp request creation, response generation
3093 and response verification functionality.
3094 [Zoltán Glózik <zglozik@opentsa.org>, The OpenTSA Project]
3096 *) Add initial support for TLS extensions, specifically for the server_name
3097 extension so far. The SSL_SESSION, SSL_CTX, and SSL data structures now
3098 have new members for a host name. The SSL data structure has an
3099 additional member SSL_CTX *initial_ctx so that new sessions can be
3100 stored in that context to allow for session resumption, even after the
3101 SSL has been switched to a new SSL_CTX in reaction to a client's
3102 server_name extension.
3104 New functions (subject to change):
3106 SSL_get_servername()
3107 SSL_get_servername_type()
3110 New CTRL codes and macros (subject to change):
3112 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_CB
3113 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback()
3114 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_ARG
3115 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg()
3116 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME - SSL_set_tlsext_host_name()
3118 openssl s_client has a new '-servername ...' option.
3120 openssl s_server has new options '-servername_host ...', '-cert2 ...',
3121 '-key2 ...', '-servername_fatal' (subject to change). This allows
3122 testing the HostName extension for a specific single host name ('-cert'
3123 and '-key' remain fallbacks for handshakes without HostName
3124 negotiation). If the unrecognized_name alert has to be sent, this by
3125 default is a warning; it becomes fatal with the '-servername_fatal'
3128 [Peter Sylvester, Remy Allais, Christophe Renou]
3130 *) Whirlpool hash implementation is added.
3133 *) BIGNUM code on 64-bit SPARCv9 targets is switched from bn(64,64) to
3134 bn(64,32). Because of instruction set limitations it doesn't have
3135 any negative impact on performance. This was done mostly in order
3136 to make it possible to share assembler modules, such as bn_mul_mont
3137 implementations, between 32- and 64-bit builds without hassle.
3140 *) Move code previously exiled into file crypto/ec/ec2_smpt.c
3141 to ec2_smpl.c, and no longer require the OPENSSL_EC_BIN_PT_COMP
3145 *) New candidate for BIGNUM assembler implementation, bn_mul_mont,
3146 dedicated Montgomery multiplication procedure, is introduced.
3147 BN_MONT_CTX is modified to allow bn_mul_mont to reach for higher
3148 "64-bit" performance on certain 32-bit targets.
3151 *) New option SSL_OP_NO_COMP to disable use of compression selectively
3152 in SSL structures. New SSL ctrl to set maximum send fragment size.
3153 Save memory by seeting the I/O buffer sizes dynamically instead of
3154 using the maximum available value.
3157 *) New option -V for 'openssl ciphers'. This prints the ciphersuite code
3158 in addition to the text details.
3161 *) Very, very preliminary EXPERIMENTAL support for printing of general
3162 ASN1 structures. This currently produces rather ugly output and doesn't
3163 handle several customised structures at all.
3166 *) Integrated support for PVK file format and some related formats such
3167 as MS PUBLICKEYBLOB and PRIVATEKEYBLOB. Command line switches to support
3168 these in the 'rsa' and 'dsa' utilities.
3171 *) Support for PKCS#1 RSAPublicKey format on rsa utility command line.
3174 *) Remove the ancient ASN1_METHOD code. This was only ever used in one
3175 place for the (very old) "NETSCAPE" format certificates which are now
3176 handled using new ASN1 code equivalents.
3179 *) Let the TLSv1_method() etc. functions return a 'const' SSL_METHOD
3180 pointer and make the SSL_METHOD parameter in SSL_CTX_new,
3181 SSL_CTX_set_ssl_version and SSL_set_ssl_method 'const'.
3184 *) Modify CRL distribution points extension code to print out previously
3185 unsupported fields. Enhance extension setting code to allow setting of
3189 *) Add print and set support for Issuing Distribution Point CRL extension.
3192 *) Change 'Configure' script to enable Camellia by default.
3195 Changes between 0.9.8m and 0.9.8n [24 Mar 2010]
3197 *) When rejecting SSL/TLS records due to an incorrect version number, never
3198 update s->server with a new major version number. As of
3199 - OpenSSL 0.9.8m if 'short' is a 16-bit type,
3200 - OpenSSL 0.9.8f if 'short' is longer than 16 bits,
3201 the previous behavior could result in a read attempt at NULL when
3202 receiving specific incorrect SSL/TLS records once record payload
3203 protection is active. (CVE-2010-0740)
3204 [Bodo Moeller, Adam Langley <agl@chromium.org>]
3206 *) Fix for CVE-2010-0433 where some kerberos enabled versions of OpenSSL
3207 could be crashed if the relevant tables were not present (e.g. chrooted).
3208 [Tomas Hoger <thoger@redhat.com>]
3210 Changes between 0.9.8l and 0.9.8m [25 Feb 2010]
3212 *) Always check bn_wexpend() return values for failure. (CVE-2009-3245)
3213 [Martin Olsson, Neel Mehta]
3215 *) Fix X509_STORE locking: Every 'objs' access requires a lock (to
3216 accommodate for stack sorting, always a write lock!).
3219 *) On some versions of WIN32 Heap32Next is very slow. This can cause
3220 excessive delays in the RAND_poll(): over a minute. As a workaround
3221 include a time check in the inner Heap32Next loop too.
3224 *) The code that handled flushing of data in SSL/TLS originally used the
3225 BIO_CTRL_INFO ctrl to see if any data was pending first. This caused
3226 the problem outlined in PR#1949. The fix suggested there however can
3227 trigger problems with buggy BIO_CTRL_WPENDING (e.g. some versions
3228 of Apache). So instead simplify the code to flush unconditionally.
3229 This should be fine since flushing with no data to flush is a no op.
3232 *) Handle TLS versions 2.0 and later properly and correctly use the
3233 highest version of TLS/SSL supported. Although TLS >= 2.0 is some way
3234 off ancient servers have a habit of sticking around for a while...
3237 *) Modify compression code so it frees up structures without using the
3238 ex_data callbacks. This works around a problem where some applications
3239 call CRYPTO_cleanup_all_ex_data() before application exit (e.g. when
3240 restarting) then use compression (e.g. SSL with compression) later.
3241 This results in significant per-connection memory leaks and
3242 has caused some security issues including CVE-2008-1678 and
3246 *) Constify crypto/cast (i.e., <openssl/cast.h>): a CAST_KEY doesn't
3247 change when encrypting or decrypting.
3250 *) Add option SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT which will allow clients to
3251 connect and renegotiate with servers which do not support RI.
3252 Until RI is more widely deployed this option is enabled by default.
3255 *) Add "missing" ssl ctrls to clear options and mode.
3258 *) If client attempts to renegotiate and doesn't support RI respond with
3259 a no_renegotiation alert as required by RFC5746. Some renegotiating
3260 TLS clients will continue a connection gracefully when they receive
3261 the alert. Unfortunately OpenSSL mishandled this alert and would hang
3262 waiting for a server hello which it will never receive. Now we treat a
3263 received no_renegotiation alert as a fatal error. This is because
3264 applications requesting a renegotiation might well expect it to succeed
3265 and would have no code in place to handle the server denying it so the
3266 only safe thing to do is to terminate the connection.
3269 *) Add ctrl macro SSL_get_secure_renegotiation_support() which returns 1 if
3270 peer supports secure renegotiation and 0 otherwise. Print out peer
3271 renegotiation support in s_client/s_server.
3274 *) Replace the highly broken and deprecated SPKAC certification method with
3275 the updated NID creation version. This should correctly handle UTF8.
3278 *) Implement RFC5746. Re-enable renegotiation but require the extension
3279 as needed. Unfortunately, SSL3_FLAGS_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION
3280 turns out to be a bad idea. It has been replaced by
3281 SSL_OP_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION which can be set with
3282 SSL_CTX_set_options(). This is really not recommended unless you
3283 know what you are doing.
3284 [Eric Rescorla <ekr@networkresonance.com>, Ben Laurie, Steve Henson]
3286 *) Fixes to stateless session resumption handling. Use initial_ctx when
3287 issuing and attempting to decrypt tickets in case it has changed during
3288 servername handling. Use a non-zero length session ID when attempting
3289 stateless session resumption: this makes it possible to determine if
3290 a resumption has occurred immediately after receiving server hello
3291 (several places in OpenSSL subtly assume this) instead of later in
3295 *) The functions ENGINE_ctrl(), OPENSSL_isservice(),
3296 CMS_get1_RecipientRequest() and RAND_bytes() can return <=0 on error
3297 fixes for a few places where the return code is not checked
3299 [Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>]
3301 *) Add --strict-warnings option to Configure script to include devteam
3302 warnings in other configurations.
3305 *) Add support for --libdir option and LIBDIR variable in makefiles. This
3306 makes it possible to install openssl libraries in locations which
3307 have names other than "lib", for example "/usr/lib64" which some
3309 [Steve Henson, based on patch from Jeremy Utley]
3311 *) Don't allow the use of leading 0x80 in OIDs. This is a violation of
3312 X690 8.9.12 and can produce some misleading textual output of OIDs.
3313 [Steve Henson, reported by Dan Kaminsky]
3315 *) Delete MD2 from algorithm tables. This follows the recommendation in
3316 several standards that it is not used in new applications due to
3317 several cryptographic weaknesses. For binary compatibility reasons
3318 the MD2 API is still compiled in by default.
3321 *) Add compression id to {d2i,i2d}_SSL_SESSION so it is correctly saved
3325 *) Rename uni2asc and asc2uni functions to OPENSSL_uni2asc and
3326 OPENSSL_asc2uni conditionally on Netware platforms to avoid a name
3328 [Guenter <lists@gknw.net>]
3330 *) Fix the server certificate chain building code to use X509_verify_cert(),
3331 it used to have an ad-hoc builder which was unable to cope with anything
3332 other than a simple chain.
3333 [David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>, Steve Henson]
3335 *) Don't check self signed certificate signatures in X509_verify_cert()
3336 by default (a flag can override this): it just wastes time without
3337 adding any security. As a useful side effect self signed root CAs
3338 with non-FIPS digests are now usable in FIPS mode.
3341 *) In dtls1_process_out_of_seq_message() the check if the current message
3342 is already buffered was missing. For every new message was memory
3343 allocated, allowing an attacker to perform an denial of service attack
3344 with sending out of seq handshake messages until there is no memory
3345 left. Additionally every future messege was buffered, even if the
3346 sequence number made no sense and would be part of another handshake.
3347 So only messages with sequence numbers less than 10 in advance will be
3348 buffered. (CVE-2009-1378)
3349 [Robin Seggelmann, discovered by Daniel Mentz]
3351 *) Records are buffered if they arrive with a future epoch to be
3352 processed after finishing the corresponding handshake. There is
3353 currently no limitation to this buffer allowing an attacker to perform
3354 a DOS attack with sending records with future epochs until there is no
3355 memory left. This patch adds the pqueue_size() function to determine
3356 the size of a buffer and limits the record buffer to 100 entries.
3358 [Robin Seggelmann, discovered by Daniel Mentz]
3360 *) Keep a copy of frag->msg_header.frag_len so it can be used after the
3361 parent structure is freed. (CVE-2009-1379)
3364 *) Handle non-blocking I/O properly in SSL_shutdown() call.
3365 [Darryl Miles <darryl-mailinglists@netbauds.net>]
3368 [Ilya O. <vrghost@gmail.com>]
3370 Changes between 0.9.8k and 0.9.8l [5 Nov 2009]
3372 *) Disable renegotiation completely - this fixes a severe security
3373 problem (CVE-2009-3555) at the cost of breaking all
3374 renegotiation. Renegotiation can be re-enabled by setting
3375 SSL3_FLAGS_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LEGACY_RENEGOTIATION in s3->flags at
3376 run-time. This is really not recommended unless you know what
3380 Changes between 0.9.8j and 0.9.8k [25 Mar 2009]
3382 *) Don't set val to NULL when freeing up structures, it is freed up by
3383 underlying code. If sizeof(void *) > sizeof(long) this can result in
3384 zeroing past the valid field. (CVE-2009-0789)
3385 [Paolo Ganci <Paolo.Ganci@AdNovum.CH>]
3387 *) Fix bug where return value of CMS_SignerInfo_verify_content() was not
3388 checked correctly. This would allow some invalid signed attributes to
3389 appear to verify correctly. (CVE-2009-0591)
3390 [Ivan Nestlerode <inestlerode@us.ibm.com>]
3392 *) Reject UniversalString and BMPString types with invalid lengths. This
3393 prevents a crash in ASN1_STRING_print_ex() which assumes the strings have
3394 a legal length. (CVE-2009-0590)
3397 *) Set S/MIME signing as the default purpose rather than setting it
3398 unconditionally. This allows applications to override it at the store
3402 *) Permit restricted recursion of ASN1 strings. This is needed in practice
3403 to handle some structures.
3406 *) Improve efficiency of mem_gets: don't search whole buffer each time
3408 [Jeremy Shapiro <jnshapir@us.ibm.com>]
3410 *) New -hex option for openssl rand.
3413 *) Print out UTF8String and NumericString when parsing ASN1.
3416 *) Support NumericString type for name components.
3419 *) Allow CC in the environment to override the automatically chosen
3420 compiler. Note that nothing is done to ensure flags work with the
3424 Changes between 0.9.8i and 0.9.8j [07 Jan 2009]
3426 *) Properly check EVP_VerifyFinal() and similar return values
3428 [Ben Laurie, Bodo Moeller, Google Security Team]
3430 *) Enable TLS extensions by default.
3433 *) Allow the CHIL engine to be loaded, whether the application is
3434 multithreaded or not. (This does not release the developer from the
3435 obligation to set up the dynamic locking callbacks.)
3436 [Sander Temme <sander@temme.net>]
3438 *) Use correct exit code if there is an error in dgst command.
3439 [Steve Henson; problem pointed out by Roland Dirlewanger]
3441 *) Tweak Configure so that you need to say "experimental-jpake" to enable
3442 JPAKE, and need to use -DOPENSSL_EXPERIMENTAL_JPAKE in applications.
3445 *) Add experimental JPAKE support, including demo authentication in
3446 s_client and s_server.
3449 *) Set the comparison function in v3_addr_canonize().
3450 [Rob Austein <sra@hactrn.net>]
3452 *) Add support for XMPP STARTTLS in s_client.
3453 [Philip Paeps <philip@freebsd.org>]
3455 *) Change the server-side SSL_OP_NETSCAPE_REUSE_CIPHER_CHANGE_BUG behavior
3456 to ensure that even with this option, only ciphersuites in the
3457 server's preference list will be accepted. (Note that the option
3458 applies only when resuming a session, so the earlier behavior was
3459 just about the algorithm choice for symmetric cryptography.)
3462 Changes between 0.9.8h and 0.9.8i [15 Sep 2008]
3464 *) Fix NULL pointer dereference if a DTLS server received
3465 ChangeCipherSpec as first record (CVE-2009-1386).
3468 *) Fix a state transition in s3_srvr.c and d1_srvr.c
3469 (was using SSL3_ST_CW_CLNT_HELLO_B, should be ..._ST_SW_SRVR_...).
3472 *) The fix in 0.9.8c that supposedly got rid of unsafe
3473 double-checked locking was incomplete for RSA blinding,
3474 addressing just one layer of what turns out to have been
3475 doubly unsafe triple-checked locking.
3477 So now fix this for real by retiring the MONT_HELPER macro
3478 in crypto/rsa/rsa_eay.c.
3480 [Bodo Moeller; problem pointed out by Marius Schilder]
3482 *) Various precautionary measures:
3484 - Avoid size_t integer overflow in HASH_UPDATE (md32_common.h).
3486 - Avoid a buffer overflow in d2i_SSL_SESSION() (ssl_asn1.c).
3487 (NB: This would require knowledge of the secret session ticket key
3488 to exploit, in which case you'd be SOL either way.)
3490 - Change bn_nist.c so that it will properly handle input BIGNUMs
3491 outside the expected range.
3493 - Enforce the 'num' check in BN_div() (bn_div.c) for non-BN_DEBUG
3496 [Neel Mehta, Bodo Moeller]
3498 *) Allow engines to be "soft loaded" - i.e. optionally don't die if
3499 the load fails. Useful for distros.
3500 [Ben Laurie and the FreeBSD team]
3502 *) Add support for Local Machine Keyset attribute in PKCS#12 files.
3505 *) Fix BN_GF2m_mod_arr() top-bit cleanup code.
3508 *) Expand ENGINE to support engine supplied SSL client certificate functions.
3510 This work was sponsored by Logica.
3513 *) Add CryptoAPI ENGINE to support use of RSA and DSA keys held in Windows
3514 keystores. Support for SSL/TLS client authentication too.
3515 Not compiled unless enable-capieng specified to Configure.
3517 This work was sponsored by Logica.
3520 *) Fix bug in X509_ATTRIBUTE creation: dont set attribute using
3521 ASN1_TYPE_set1 if MBSTRING flag set. This bug would crash certain
3522 attribute creation routines such as certifcate requests and PKCS#12
3526 Changes between 0.9.8g and 0.9.8h [28 May 2008]
3528 *) Fix flaw if 'Server Key exchange message' is omitted from a TLS
3529 handshake which could lead to a cilent crash as found using the
3530 Codenomicon TLS test suite (CVE-2008-1672)
3531 [Steve Henson, Mark Cox]
3533 *) Fix double free in TLS server name extensions which could lead to
3534 a remote crash found by Codenomicon TLS test suite (CVE-2008-0891)
3537 *) Clear error queue in SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file()
3539 Clear the error queue to ensure that error entries left from
3540 older function calls do not interfere with the correct operation.
3541 [Lutz Jaenicke, Erik de Castro Lopo]
3543 *) Remove root CA certificates of commercial CAs:
3545 The OpenSSL project does not recommend any specific CA and does not
3546 have any policy with respect to including or excluding any CA.
3547 Therefore it does not make any sense to ship an arbitrary selection
3548 of root CA certificates with the OpenSSL software.
3551 *) RSA OAEP patches to fix two separate invalid memory reads.
3552 The first one involves inputs when 'lzero' is greater than
3553 'SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH' (it would read about SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH bytes
3554 before the beginning of from). The second one involves inputs where
3555 the 'db' section contains nothing but zeroes (there is a one-byte
3556 invalid read after the end of 'db').
3557 [Ivan Nestlerode <inestlerode@us.ibm.com>]
3559 *) Partial backport from 0.9.9-dev:
3561 Introduce bn_mul_mont (dedicated Montgomery multiplication
3562 procedure) as a candidate for BIGNUM assembler implementation.
3563 While 0.9.9-dev uses assembler for various architectures, only
3564 x86_64 is available by default here in the 0.9.8 branch, and
3565 32-bit x86 is available through a compile-time setting.
3567 To try the 32-bit x86 assembler implementation, use Configure
3568 option "enable-montasm" (which exists only for this backport).
3570 As "enable-montasm" for 32-bit x86 disclaims code stability
3571 anyway, in this constellation we activate additional code
3572 backported from 0.9.9-dev for further performance improvements,
3573 namely BN_from_montgomery_word. (To enable this otherwise,
3574 e.g. x86_64, try "-DMONT_FROM_WORD___NON_DEFAULT_0_9_8_BUILD".)
3576 [Andy Polyakov (backport partially by Bodo Moeller)]
3578 *) Add TLS session ticket callback. This allows an application to set
3579 TLS ticket cipher and HMAC keys rather than relying on hardcoded fixed
3580 values. This is useful for key rollover for example where several key
3581 sets may exist with different names.
3584 *) Reverse ENGINE-internal logic for caching default ENGINE handles.
3585 This was broken until now in 0.9.8 releases, such that the only way
3586 a registered ENGINE could be used (assuming it initialises
3587 successfully on the host) was to explicitly set it as the default
3588 for the relevant algorithms. This is in contradiction with 0.9.7
3589 behaviour and the documentation. With this fix, when an ENGINE is
3590 registered into a given algorithm's table of implementations, the
3591 'uptodate' flag is reset so that auto-discovery will be used next
3592 time a new context for that algorithm attempts to select an
3594 [Ian Lister (tweaked by Geoff Thorpe)]
3596 *) Backport of CMS code to OpenSSL 0.9.8. This differs from the 0.9.9
3597 implemention in the following ways:
3599 Lack of EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD means algorithm parameters have to be
3602 Lack of BER streaming support means one pass streaming processing is
3603 only supported if data is detached: setting the streaming flag is
3604 ignored for embedded content.
3606 CMS support is disabled by default and must be explicitly enabled
3607 with the enable-cms configuration option.
3610 *) Update the GMP engine glue to do direct copies between BIGNUM and
3611 mpz_t when openssl and GMP use the same limb size. Otherwise the
3612 existing "conversion via a text string export" trick is still used.
3613 [Paul Sheer <paulsheer@gmail.com>]
3615 *) Zlib compression BIO. This is a filter BIO which compressed and
3616 uncompresses any data passed through it.
3619 *) Add AES_wrap_key() and AES_unwrap_key() functions to implement
3620 RFC3394 compatible AES key wrapping.
3623 *) Add utility functions to handle ASN1 structures. ASN1_STRING_set0():
3624 sets string data without copying. X509_ALGOR_set0() and
3625 X509_ALGOR_get0(): set and retrieve X509_ALGOR (AlgorithmIdentifier)
3626 data. Attribute function X509at_get0_data_by_OBJ(): retrieves data
3627 from an X509_ATTRIBUTE structure optionally checking it occurs only
3628 once. ASN1_TYPE_set1(): set and ASN1_TYPE structure copying supplied
3632 *) Fix BN flag handling in RSA_eay_mod_exp() and BN_MONT_CTX_set()
3633 to get the expected BN_FLG_CONSTTIME behavior.
3634 [Bodo Moeller (Google)]
3638 - fixed wrong usage of ioctlsocket() when build for LIBC BSD sockets
3639 - fixed do_tests.pl to run the test suite with CLIB builds too (CLIB_OPT)
3640 - added some more tests to do_tests.pl
3641 - fixed RunningProcess usage so that it works with newer LIBC NDKs too
3642 - removed usage of BN_LLONG for CLIB builds to avoid runtime dependency
3643 - added new Configure targets netware-clib-bsdsock, netware-clib-gcc,
3644 netware-clib-bsdsock-gcc, netware-libc-bsdsock-gcc
3645 - various changes to netware.pl to enable gcc-cross builds on Win32
3647 - changed crypto/bio/b_sock.c to work with macro functions (CLIB BSD)
3648 - various changes to fix missing prototype warnings
3649 - fixed x86nasm.pl to create correct asm files for NASM COFF output
3650 - added AES, WHIRLPOOL and CPUID assembler code to build files
3651 - added missing AES assembler make rules to mk1mf.pl
3652 - fixed order of includes in apps/ocsp.c so that e_os.h settings apply
3653 [Guenter Knauf <eflash@gmx.net>]
3655 *) Implement certificate status request TLS extension defined in RFC3546.
3656 A client can set the appropriate parameters and receive the encoded
3657 OCSP response via a callback. A server can query the supplied parameters
3658 and set the encoded OCSP response in the callback. Add simplified examples
3659 to s_client and s_server.
3662 Changes between 0.9.8f and 0.9.8g [19 Oct 2007]
3664 *) Fix various bugs:
3665 + Binary incompatibility of ssl_ctx_st structure
3666 + DTLS interoperation with non-compliant servers
3667 + Don't call get_session_cb() without proposed session
3668 + Fix ia64 assembler code
3669 [Andy Polyakov, Steve Henson]
3671 Changes between 0.9.8e and 0.9.8f [11 Oct 2007]
3673 *) DTLS Handshake overhaul. There were longstanding issues with
3674 OpenSSL DTLS implementation, which were making it impossible for
3675 RFC 4347 compliant client to communicate with OpenSSL server.
3676 Unfortunately just fixing these incompatibilities would "cut off"
3677 pre-0.9.8f clients. To allow for hassle free upgrade post-0.9.8e
3678 server keeps tolerating non RFC compliant syntax. The opposite is
3679 not true, 0.9.8f client can not communicate with earlier server.
3680 This update even addresses CVE-2007-4995.
3683 *) Changes to avoid need for function casts in OpenSSL: some compilers
3684 (gcc 4.2 and later) reject their use.
3685 [Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>, Peter Hartley <pdh@utter.chaos.org.uk>,
3688 *) Add RFC4507 support to OpenSSL. This includes the corrections in
3689 RFC4507bis. The encrypted ticket format is an encrypted encoded
3690 SSL_SESSION structure, that way new session features are automatically
3693 If a client application caches session in an SSL_SESSION structure
3694 support is transparent because tickets are now stored in the encoded
3697 The SSL_CTX structure automatically generates keys for ticket
3698 protection in servers so again support should be possible
3699 with no application modification.
3701 If a client or server wishes to disable RFC4507 support then the option
3702 SSL_OP_NO_TICKET can be set.
3704 Add a TLS extension debugging callback to allow the contents of any client
3705 or server extensions to be examined.
3707 This work was sponsored by Google.
3710 *) Add initial support for TLS extensions, specifically for the server_name
3711 extension so far. The SSL_SESSION, SSL_CTX, and SSL data structures now
3712 have new members for a host name. The SSL data structure has an
3713 additional member SSL_CTX *initial_ctx so that new sessions can be
3714 stored in that context to allow for session resumption, even after the
3715 SSL has been switched to a new SSL_CTX in reaction to a client's
3716 server_name extension.
3718 New functions (subject to change):
3720 SSL_get_servername()
3721 SSL_get_servername_type()
3724 New CTRL codes and macros (subject to change):
3726 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_CB
3727 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_callback()
3728 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_SERVERNAME_ARG
3729 - SSL_CTX_set_tlsext_servername_arg()
3730 SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME - SSL_set_tlsext_host_name()
3732 openssl s_client has a new '-servername ...' option.
3734 openssl s_server has new options '-servername_host ...', '-cert2 ...',
3735 '-key2 ...', '-servername_fatal' (subject to change). This allows
3736 testing the HostName extension for a specific single host name ('-cert'
3737 and '-key' remain fallbacks for handshakes without HostName
3738 negotiation). If the unrecognized_name alert has to be sent, this by
3739 default is a warning; it becomes fatal with the '-servername_fatal'
3742 [Peter Sylvester, Remy Allais, Christophe Renou, Steve Henson]
3744 *) Add AES and SSE2 assembly language support to VC++ build.
3747 *) Mitigate attack on final subtraction in Montgomery reduction.
3750 *) Fix crypto/ec/ec_mult.c to work properly with scalars of value 0
3751 (which previously caused an internal error).
3754 *) Squeeze another 10% out of IGE mode when in != out.
3757 *) AES IGE mode speedup.
3758 [Dean Gaudet (Google)]
3760 *) Add the Korean symmetric 128-bit cipher SEED (see
3761 http://www.kisa.or.kr/kisa/seed/jsp/seed_eng.jsp) and
3762 add SEED ciphersuites from RFC 4162:
3764 TLS_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "SEED-SHA"
3765 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "DHE-DSS-SEED-SHA"
3766 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "DHE-RSA-SEED-SHA"
3767 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA = "ADH-SEED-SHA"
3769 To minimize changes between patchlevels in the OpenSSL 0.9.8
3770 series, SEED remains excluded from compilation unless OpenSSL
3771 is configured with 'enable-seed'.
3772 [KISA, Bodo Moeller]
3774 *) Mitigate branch prediction attacks, which can be practical if a
3775 single processor is shared, allowing a spy process to extract
3776 information. For detailed background information, see
3777 http://eprint.iacr.org/2007/039 (O. Aciicmez, S. Gueron,
3778 J.-P. Seifert, "New Branch Prediction Vulnerabilities in OpenSSL
3779 and Necessary Software Countermeasures"). The core of the change
3780 are new versions BN_div_no_branch() and
3781 BN_mod_inverse_no_branch() of BN_div() and BN_mod_inverse(),
3782 respectively, which are slower, but avoid the security-relevant
3783 conditional branches. These are automatically called by BN_div()
3784 and BN_mod_inverse() if the flag BN_FLG_CONSTTIME is set for one
3785 of the input BIGNUMs. Also, BN_is_bit_set() has been changed to
3786 remove a conditional branch.
3788 BN_FLG_CONSTTIME is the new name for the previous
3789 BN_FLG_EXP_CONSTTIME flag, since it now affects more than just
3790 modular exponentiation. (Since OpenSSL 0.9.7h, setting this flag
3791 in the exponent causes BN_mod_exp_mont() to use the alternative
3792 implementation in BN_mod_exp_mont_consttime().) The old name
3793 remains as a deprecated alias.
3795 Similary, RSA_FLAG_NO_EXP_CONSTTIME is replaced by a more general
3796 RSA_FLAG_NO_CONSTTIME flag since the RSA implementation now uses
3797 constant-time implementations for more than just exponentiation.
3798 Here too the old name is kept as a deprecated alias.
3800 BN_BLINDING_new() will now use BN_dup() for the modulus so that
3801 the BN_BLINDING structure gets an independent copy of the
3802 modulus. This means that the previous "BIGNUM *m" argument to
3803 BN_BLINDING_new() and to BN_BLINDING_create_param() now
3804 essentially becomes "const BIGNUM *m", although we can't actually
3805 change this in the header file before 0.9.9. It allows
3806 RSA_setup_blinding() to use BN_with_flags() on the modulus to
3807 enable BN_FLG_CONSTTIME.
3809 [Matthew D Wood (Intel Corp)]
3811 *) In the SSL/TLS server implementation, be strict about session ID
3812 context matching (which matters if an application uses a single
3813 external cache for different purposes). Previously,
3814 out-of-context reuse was forbidden only if SSL_VERIFY_PEER was
3815 set. This did ensure strict client verification, but meant that,
3816 with applications using a single external cache for quite
3817 different requirements, clients could circumvent ciphersuite
3818 restrictions for a given session ID context by starting a session
3819 in a different context.
3822 *) Include "!eNULL" in SSL_DEFAULT_CIPHER_LIST to make sure that
3823 a ciphersuite string such as "DEFAULT:RSA" cannot enable
3824 authentication-only ciphersuites.
3827 *) Update the SSL_get_shared_ciphers() fix CVE-2006-3738 which was
3828 not complete and could lead to a possible single byte overflow
3829 (CVE-2007-5135) [Ben Laurie]
3831 Changes between 0.9.8d and 0.9.8e [23 Feb 2007]
3833 *) Since AES128 and AES256 (and similarly Camellia128 and
3834 Camellia256) share a single mask bit in the logic of
3835 ssl/ssl_ciph.c, the code for masking out disabled ciphers needs a
3836 kludge to work properly if AES128 is available and AES256 isn't
3837 (or if Camellia128 is available and Camellia256 isn't).
3840 *) Fix the BIT STRING encoding generated by crypto/ec/ec_asn1.c
3841 (within i2d_ECPrivateKey, i2d_ECPKParameters, i2d_ECParameters):
3842 When a point or a seed is encoded in a BIT STRING, we need to
3843 prevent the removal of trailing zero bits to get the proper DER
3844 encoding. (By default, crypto/asn1/a_bitstr.c assumes the case
3845 of a NamedBitList, for which trailing 0 bits need to be removed.)
3848 *) Have SSL/TLS server implementation tolerate "mismatched" record
3849 protocol version while receiving ClientHello even if the
3850 ClientHello is fragmented. (The server can't insist on the
3851 particular protocol version it has chosen before the ServerHello
3852 message has informed the client about his choice.)
3855 *) Add RFC 3779 support.
3856 [Rob Austein for ARIN, Ben Laurie]
3858 *) Load error codes if they are not already present instead of using a
3859 static variable. This allows them to be cleanly unloaded and reloaded.
3860 Improve header file function name parsing.
3863 *) extend SMTP and IMAP protocol emulation in s_client to use EHLO
3864 or CAPABILITY handshake as required by RFCs.
3867 Changes between 0.9.8c and 0.9.8d [28 Sep 2006]
3869 *) Introduce limits to prevent malicious keys being able to
3870 cause a denial of service. (CVE-2006-2940)
3871 [Steve Henson, Bodo Moeller]
3873 *) Fix ASN.1 parsing of certain invalid structures that can result
3874 in a denial of service. (CVE-2006-2937) [Steve Henson]
3876 *) Fix buffer overflow in SSL_get_shared_ciphers() function.
3877 (CVE-2006-3738) [Tavis Ormandy and Will Drewry, Google Security Team]
3879 *) Fix SSL client code which could crash if connecting to a
3880 malicious SSLv2 server. (CVE-2006-4343)
3881 [Tavis Ormandy and Will Drewry, Google Security Team]
3883 *) Since 0.9.8b, ciphersuite strings naming explicit ciphersuites
3884 match only those. Before that, "AES256-SHA" would be interpreted
3885 as a pattern and match "AES128-SHA" too (since AES128-SHA got
3886 the same strength classification in 0.9.7h) as we currently only
3887 have a single AES bit in the ciphersuite description bitmap.
3888 That change, however, also applied to ciphersuite strings such as
3889 "RC4-MD5" that intentionally matched multiple ciphersuites --
3890 namely, SSL 2.0 ciphersuites in addition to the more common ones
3891 from SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0.
3893 So we change the selection algorithm again: Naming an explicit
3894 ciphersuite selects this one ciphersuite, and any other similar
3895 ciphersuite (same bitmap) from *other* protocol versions.
3896 Thus, "RC4-MD5" again will properly select both the SSL 2.0
3897 ciphersuite and the SSL 3.0/TLS 1.0 ciphersuite.
3899 Since SSL 2.0 does not have any ciphersuites for which the
3900 128/256 bit distinction would be relevant, this works for now.
3901 The proper fix will be to use different bits for AES128 and
3902 AES256, which would have avoided the problems from the beginning;
3903 however, bits are scarce, so we can only do this in a new release
3904 (not just a patchlevel) when we can change the SSL_CIPHER
3905 definition to split the single 'unsigned long mask' bitmap into
3906 multiple values to extend the available space.
3910 Changes between 0.9.8b and 0.9.8c [05 Sep 2006]
3912 *) Avoid PKCS #1 v1.5 signature attack discovered by Daniel Bleichenbacher
3913 (CVE-2006-4339) [Ben Laurie and Google Security Team]
3915 *) Add AES IGE and biIGE modes.
3918 *) Change the Unix randomness entropy gathering to use poll() when
3919 possible instead of select(), since the latter has some
3920 undesirable limitations.
3921 [Darryl Miles via Richard Levitte and Bodo Moeller]
3923 *) Disable "ECCdraft" ciphersuites more thoroughly. Now special
3924 treatment in ssl/ssl_ciph.s makes sure that these ciphersuites
3925 cannot be implicitly activated as part of, e.g., the "AES" alias.
3926 However, please upgrade to OpenSSL 0.9.9[-dev] for
3927 non-experimental use of the ECC ciphersuites to get TLS extension
3928 support, which is required for curve and point format negotiation
3929 to avoid potential handshake problems.
3932 *) Disable rogue ciphersuites:
3934 - SSLv2 0x08 0x00 0x80 ("RC4-64-MD5")
3935 - SSLv3/TLSv1 0x00 0x61 ("EXP1024-RC2-CBC-MD5")
3936 - SSLv3/TLSv1 0x00 0x60 ("EXP1024-RC4-MD5")
3938 The latter two were purportedly from
3939 draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-0[01].txt, but do not really
3942 Also deactivate the remaining ciphersuites from
3943 draft-ietf-tls-56-bit-ciphersuites-01.txt. These are just as
3944 unofficial, and the ID has long expired.
3947 *) Fix RSA blinding Heisenbug (problems sometimes occured on
3948 dual-core machines) and other potential thread-safety issues.
3951 *) Add the symmetric cipher Camellia (128-bit, 192-bit, 256-bit key
3952 versions), which is now available for royalty-free use
3953 (see http://info.isl.ntt.co.jp/crypt/eng/info/chiteki.html).
3954 Also, add Camellia TLS ciphersuites from RFC 4132.
3956 To minimize changes between patchlevels in the OpenSSL 0.9.8
3957 series, Camellia remains excluded from compilation unless OpenSSL
3958 is configured with 'enable-camellia'.
3961 *) Disable the padding bug check when compression is in use. The padding
3962 bug check assumes the first packet is of even length, this is not
3963 necessarily true if compresssion is enabled and can result in false
3964 positives causing handshake failure. The actual bug test is ancient
3965 code so it is hoped that implementations will either have fixed it by
3966 now or any which still have the bug do not support compression.
3969 Changes between 0.9.8a and 0.9.8b [04 May 2006]
3971 *) When applying a cipher rule check to see if string match is an explicit
3972 cipher suite and only match that one cipher suite if it is.
3975 *) Link in manifests for VC++ if needed.
3976 [Austin Ziegler <halostatue@gmail.com>]
3978 *) Update support for ECC-based TLS ciphersuites according to
3979 draft-ietf-tls-ecc-12.txt with proposed changes (but without
3980 TLS extensions, which are supported starting with the 0.9.9
3981 branch, not in the OpenSSL 0.9.8 branch).
3984 *) New functions EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new() and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free() to support
3985 opaque EVP_CIPHER_CTX handling.
3988 *) Fixes and enhancements to zlib compression code. We now only use
3989 "zlib1.dll" and use the default __cdecl calling convention on Win32
3990 to conform with the standards mentioned here:
3991 http://www.zlib.net/DLL_FAQ.txt
3992 Static zlib linking now works on Windows and the new --with-zlib-include
3993 --with-zlib-lib options to Configure can be used to supply the location
3994 of the headers and library. Gracefully handle case where zlib library
3998 *) Several fixes and enhancements to the OID generation code. The old code
3999 sometimes allowed invalid OIDs (1.X for X >= 40 for example), couldn't
4000 handle numbers larger than ULONG_MAX, truncated printing and had a
4001 non standard OBJ_obj2txt() behaviour.
4004 *) Add support for building of engines under engine/ as shared libraries
4005 under VC++ build system.
4008 *) Corrected the numerous bugs in the Win32 path splitter in DSO.
4009 Hopefully, we will not see any false combination of paths any more.
4012 Changes between 0.9.8 and 0.9.8a [11 Oct 2005]
4014 *) Remove the functionality of SSL_OP_MSIE_SSLV2_RSA_PADDING
4015 (part of SSL_OP_ALL). This option used to disable the
4016 countermeasure against man-in-the-middle protocol-version
4017 rollback in the SSL 2.0 server implementation, which is a bad
4018 idea. (CVE-2005-2969)
4020 [Bodo Moeller; problem pointed out by Yutaka Oiwa (Research Center
4021 for Information Security, National Institute of Advanced Industrial
4022 Science and Technology [AIST], Japan)]
4024 *) Add two function to clear and return the verify parameter flags.
4027 *) Keep cipherlists sorted in the source instead of sorting them at
4028 runtime, thus removing the need for a lock.
4031 *) Avoid some small subgroup attacks in Diffie-Hellman.
4032 [Nick Mathewson and Ben Laurie]
4034 *) Add functions for well-known primes.
4037 *) Extended Windows CE support.
4038 [Satoshi Nakamura and Andy Polyakov]
4040 *) Initialize SSL_METHOD structures at compile time instead of during
4041 runtime, thus removing the need for a lock.
4044 *) Make PKCS7_decrypt() work even if no certificate is supplied by
4045 attempting to decrypt each encrypted key in turn. Add support to
4049 Changes between 0.9.7h and 0.9.8 [05 Jul 2005]
4051 [NB: OpenSSL 0.9.7i and later 0.9.7 patch levels were released after
4054 *) Add libcrypto.pc and libssl.pc for those who feel they need them.
4057 *) Change CA.sh and CA.pl so they don't bundle the CSR and the private
4058 key into the same file any more.
4061 *) Add initial support for Win64, both IA64 and AMD64/x64 flavors.
4064 *) Add -utf8 command line and config file option to 'ca'.
4065 [Stefan <stf@udoma.org]
4067 *) Removed the macro des_crypt(), as it seems to conflict with some
4068 libraries. Use DES_crypt().
4071 *) Correct naming of the 'chil' and '4758cca' ENGINEs. This
4072 involves renaming the source and generated shared-libs for
4073 both. The engines will accept the corrected or legacy ids
4074 ('ncipher' and '4758_cca' respectively) when binding. NB,
4075 this only applies when building 'shared'.
4076 [Corinna Vinschen <vinschen@redhat.com> and Geoff Thorpe]
4078 *) Add attribute functions to EVP_PKEY structure. Modify
4079 PKCS12_create() to recognize a CSP name attribute and
4080 use it. Make -CSP option work again in pkcs12 utility.
4083 *) Add new functionality to the bn blinding code:
4084 - automatic re-creation of the BN_BLINDING parameters after
4085 a fixed number of uses (currently 32)
4086 - add new function for parameter creation
4087 - introduce flags to control the update behaviour of the
4088 BN_BLINDING parameters
4089 - hide BN_BLINDING structure
4090 Add a second BN_BLINDING slot to the RSA structure to improve
4091 performance when a single RSA object is shared among several
4095 *) Add support for DTLS.
4096 [Nagendra Modadugu <nagendra@cs.stanford.edu> and Ben Laurie]
4098 *) Add support for DER encoded private keys (SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1)
4099 to SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file() and SSL_use_PrivateKey_file()
4102 *) Remove buggy and incomplete DH cert support from
4103 ssl/ssl_rsa.c and ssl/s3_both.c
4106 *) Use SHA-1 instead of MD5 as the default digest algorithm for
4107 the apps/openssl applications.
4110 *) Compile clean with "-Wall -Wmissing-prototypes
4111 -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Werror". Currently
4112 DEBUG_SAFESTACK must also be set.
4115 *) Change ./Configure so that certain algorithms can be disabled by default.
4116 The new counterpiece to "no-xxx" is "enable-xxx".
4118 The patented RC5 and MDC2 algorithms will now be disabled unless
4119 "enable-rc5" and "enable-mdc2", respectively, are specified.
4121 (IDEA remains enabled despite being patented. This is because IDEA
4122 is frequently required for interoperability, and there is no license
4123 fee for non-commercial use. As before, "no-idea" can be used to
4124 avoid this algorithm.)
4128 *) Add processing of proxy certificates (see RFC 3820). This work was
4129 sponsored by KTH (The Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm) and
4130 EGEE (Enabling Grids for E-science in Europe).
4133 *) RC4 performance overhaul on modern architectures/implementations, such
4134 as Intel P4, IA-64 and AMD64.
4137 *) New utility extract-section.pl. This can be used specify an alternative
4138 section number in a pod file instead of having to treat each file as
4139 a separate case in Makefile. This can be done by adding two lines to the
4142 =for comment openssl_section:XXX
4144 The blank line is mandatory.
4148 *) New arguments -certform, -keyform and -pass for s_client and s_server
4149 to allow alternative format key and certificate files and passphrase
4153 *) New structure X509_VERIFY_PARAM which combines current verify parameters,
4154 update associated structures and add various utility functions.
4156 Add new policy related verify parameters, include policy checking in
4157 standard verify code. Enhance 'smime' application with extra parameters
4158 to support policy checking and print out.
4161 *) Add a new engine to support VIA PadLock ACE extensions in the VIA C3
4162 Nehemiah processors. These extensions support AES encryption in hardware
4163 as well as RNG (though RNG support is currently disabled).
4164 [Michal Ludvig <michal@logix.cz>, with help from Andy Polyakov]
4166 *) Deprecate BN_[get|set]_params() functions (they were ignored internally).
4169 *) New FIPS 180-2 algorithms, SHA-224/-256/-384/-512 are implemented.
4170 [Andy Polyakov and a number of other people]
4172 *) Improved PowerPC platform support. Most notably BIGNUM assembler
4173 implementation contributed by IBM.
4174 [Suresh Chari, Peter Waltenberg, Andy Polyakov]
4176 *) The new 'RSA_generate_key_ex' function now takes a BIGNUM for the public
4177 exponent rather than 'unsigned long'. There is a corresponding change to
4178 the new 'rsa_keygen' element of the RSA_METHOD structure.
4179 [Jelte Jansen, Geoff Thorpe]
4181 *) Functionality for creating the initial serial number file is now
4182 moved from CA.pl to the 'ca' utility with a new option -create_serial.
4184 (Before OpenSSL 0.9.7e, CA.pl used to initialize the serial
4185 number file to 1, which is bound to cause problems. To avoid
4186 the problems while respecting compatibility between different 0.9.7
4187 patchlevels, 0.9.7e employed 'openssl x509 -next_serial' in
4188 CA.pl for serial number initialization. With the new release 0.9.8,
4189 we can fix the problem directly in the 'ca' utility.)
4192 *) Reduced header interdepencies by declaring more opaque objects in
4193 ossl_typ.h. As a consequence, including some headers (eg. engine.h) will
4194 give fewer recursive includes, which could break lazy source code - so
4195 this change is covered by the OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED symbol. As always,
4196 developers should define this symbol when building and using openssl to
4197 ensure they track the recommended behaviour, interfaces, [etc], but
4198 backwards-compatible behaviour prevails when this isn't defined.
4201 *) New function X509_POLICY_NODE_print() which prints out policy nodes.
4204 *) Add new EVP function EVP_CIPHER_CTX_rand_key and associated functionality.
4205 This will generate a random key of the appropriate length based on the
4206 cipher context. The EVP_CIPHER can provide its own random key generation
4207 routine to support keys of a specific form. This is used in the des and
4208 3des routines to generate a key of the correct parity. Update S/MIME
4209 code to use new functions and hence generate correct parity DES keys.
4210 Add EVP_CHECK_DES_KEY #define to return an error if the key is not
4211 valid (weak or incorrect parity).
4214 *) Add a local set of CRLs that can be used by X509_verify_cert() as well
4215 as looking them up. This is useful when the verified structure may contain
4216 CRLs, for example PKCS#7 signedData. Modify PKCS7_verify() to use any CRLs
4217 present unless the new PKCS7_NO_CRL flag is asserted.
4220 *) Extend ASN1 oid configuration module. It now additionally accepts the
4223 shortName = some long name, 1.2.3.4
4226 *) Reimplemented the BN_CTX implementation. There is now no more static
4227 limitation on the number of variables it can handle nor the depth of the
4228 "stack" handling for BN_CTX_start()/BN_CTX_end() pairs. The stack
4229 information can now expand as required, and rather than having a single
4230 static array of bignums, BN_CTX now uses a linked-list of such arrays
4231 allowing it to expand on demand whilst maintaining the usefulness of
4232 BN_CTX's "bundling".
4235 *) Add a missing BN_CTX parameter to the 'rsa_mod_exp' callback in RSA_METHOD
4236 to allow all RSA operations to function using a single BN_CTX.
4239 *) Preliminary support for certificate policy evaluation and checking. This
4240 is initially intended to pass the tests outlined in "Conformance Testing
4241 of Relying Party Client Certificate Path Processing Logic" v1.07.
4244 *) bn_dup_expand() has been deprecated, it was introduced in 0.9.7 and
4245 remained unused and not that useful. A variety of other little bignum
4246 tweaks and fixes have also been made continuing on from the audit (see
4250 *) Constify all or almost all d2i, c2i, s2i and r2i functions, along with
4251 associated ASN1, EVP and SSL functions and old ASN1 macros.
4254 *) BN_zero() only needs to set 'top' and 'neg' to zero for correct results,
4255 and this should never fail. So the return value from the use of
4256 BN_set_word() (which can fail due to needless expansion) is now deprecated;
4257 if OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED is defined, BN_zero() is a void macro.
4260 *) BN_CTX_get() should return zero-valued bignums, providing the same
4261 initialised value as BN_new().
4262 [Geoff Thorpe, suggested by Ulf Möller]
4264 *) Support for inhibitAnyPolicy certificate extension.
4267 *) An audit of the BIGNUM code is underway, for which debugging code is
4268 enabled when BN_DEBUG is defined. This makes stricter enforcements on what
4269 is considered valid when processing BIGNUMs, and causes execution to
4270 assert() when a problem is discovered. If BN_DEBUG_RAND is defined,
4271 further steps are taken to deliberately pollute unused data in BIGNUM
4272 structures to try and expose faulty code further on. For now, openssl will
4273 (in its default mode of operation) continue to tolerate the inconsistent
4274 forms that it has tolerated in the past, but authors and packagers should
4275 consider trying openssl and their own applications when compiled with
4276 these debugging symbols defined. It will help highlight potential bugs in
4277 their own code, and will improve the test coverage for OpenSSL itself. At
4278 some point, these tighter rules will become openssl's default to improve
4279 maintainability, though the assert()s and other overheads will remain only
4280 in debugging configurations. See bn.h for more details.
4281 [Geoff Thorpe, Nils Larsch, Ulf Möller]
4283 *) BN_CTX_init() has been deprecated, as BN_CTX is an opaque structure
4284 that can only be obtained through BN_CTX_new() (which implicitly
4285 initialises it). The presence of this function only made it possible
4286 to overwrite an existing structure (and cause memory leaks).
4289 *) Because of the callback-based approach for implementing LHASH as a
4290 template type, lh_insert() adds opaque objects to hash-tables and
4291 lh_doall() or lh_doall_arg() are typically used with a destructor callback
4292 to clean up those corresponding objects before destroying the hash table
4293 (and losing the object pointers). So some over-zealous constifications in
4294 LHASH have been relaxed so that lh_insert() does not take (nor store) the
4295 objects as "const" and the lh_doall[_arg] callback wrappers are not
4296 prototyped to have "const" restrictions on the object pointers they are
4297 given (and so aren't required to cast them away any more).
4300 *) The tmdiff.h API was so ugly and minimal that our own timing utility
4301 (speed) prefers to use its own implementation. The two implementations
4302 haven't been consolidated as yet (volunteers?) but the tmdiff API has had
4303 its object type properly exposed (MS_TM) instead of casting to/from "char
4304 *". This may still change yet if someone realises MS_TM and "ms_time_***"
4305 aren't necessarily the greatest nomenclatures - but this is what was used
4306 internally to the implementation so I've used that for now.
4309 *) Ensure that deprecated functions do not get compiled when
4310 OPENSSL_NO_DEPRECATED is defined. Some "openssl" subcommands and a few of
4311 the self-tests were still using deprecated key-generation functions so
4312 these have been updated also.
4315 *) Reorganise PKCS#7 code to separate the digest location functionality
4316 into PKCS7_find_digest(), digest addition into PKCS7_bio_add_digest().
4317 New function PKCS7_set_digest() to set the digest type for PKCS#7
4318 digestedData type. Add additional code to correctly generate the
4319 digestedData type and add support for this type in PKCS7 initialization
4323 *) New function PKCS7_set0_type_other() this initializes a PKCS7
4324 structure of type "other".
4327 *) Fix prime generation loop in crypto/bn/bn_prime.pl by making
4328 sure the loop does correctly stop and breaking ("division by zero")
4329 modulus operations are not performed. The (pre-generated) prime
4330 table crypto/bn/bn_prime.h was already correct, but it could not be
4331 re-generated on some platforms because of the "division by zero"
4332 situation in the script.
4333 [Ralf S. Engelschall]
4335 *) Update support for ECC-based TLS ciphersuites according to
4336 draft-ietf-tls-ecc-03.txt: the KDF1 key derivation function with
4337 SHA-1 now is only used for "small" curves (where the
4338 representation of a field element takes up to 24 bytes); for
4339 larger curves, the field element resulting from ECDH is directly
4340 used as premaster secret.
4341 [Douglas Stebila (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
4343 *) Add code for kP+lQ timings to crypto/ec/ectest.c, and add SEC2
4344 curve secp160r1 to the tests.
4345 [Douglas Stebila (Sun Microsystems Laboratories)]
4347 *) Add the possibility to load symbols globally with DSO.
4348 [Götz Babin-Ebell <babin-ebell@trustcenter.de> via Richard Levitte]
4350 *) Add the functions ERR_set_mark() and ERR_pop_to_mark() for better
4351 control of the error stack.
4354 *) Add support for STORE in ENGINE.
4357 *) Add the STORE type. The intention is to provide a common interface
4358 to certificate and key stores, be they simple file-based stores, or
4359 HSM-type store, or LDAP stores, or...
4360 NOTE: The code is currently UNTESTED and isn't really used anywhere.
4363 *) Add a generic structure called OPENSSL_ITEM. This can be used to
4364 pass a list of arguments to any function as well as provide a way
4365 for a function to pass data back to the caller.
4368 *) Add the functions BUF_strndup() and BUF_memdup(). BUF_strndup()
4369 works like BUF_strdup() but can be used to duplicate a portion of
4370 a string. The copy gets NUL-terminated. BUF_memdup() duplicates
4374 *) Add the function sk_find_ex() which works like sk_find(), but will
4375 return an index to an element even if an exact match couldn't be
4376 found. The index is guaranteed to point at the element where the
4377 searched-for key would be inserted to preserve sorting order.
4380 *) Add the function OBJ_bsearch_ex() which works like OBJ_bsearch() but
4381 takes an extra flags argument for optional functionality. Currently,
4382 the following flags are defined:
4384 OBJ_BSEARCH_VALUE_ON_NOMATCH
4385 This one gets OBJ_bsearch_ex() to return a pointer to the first
4386 element where the comparing function returns a negative or zero
4389 OBJ_BSEARCH_FIRST_VALUE_ON_MATCH
4390 This one gets OBJ_bsearch_ex() to return a pointer to the first
4391 element where the comparing function returns zero. This is useful
4392 if there are more than one element where the comparing function
4396 *) Make it possible to create self-signed certificates with 'openssl ca'
4397 in such a way that the self-signed certificate becomes part of the