X-Git-Url: https://git.openssl.org/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Fapps%2Fca.pod;h=3a3d1b6eac62ac0abb92197dbd90178a9809e889;hb=9f07c405bb66d4cba03b00f3a3c1df8bee300120;hp=f50fe9c8ed6fcb12c336aa51c8dc563e12e03232;hpb=d618f703ec18f1012a096a110637f8769d1e6cb3;p=openssl.git

diff --git a/doc/apps/ca.pod b/doc/apps/ca.pod
index f50fe9c8ed..3a3d1b6eac 100644
--- a/doc/apps/ca.pod
+++ b/doc/apps/ca.pod
@@ -13,11 +13,12 @@ B<openssl> B<ca>
 [B<-name section>]
 [B<-gencrl>]
 [B<-revoke file>]
+[B<-status serial>]
+[B<-updatedb>]
 [B<-crl_reason reason>]
 [B<-crl_hold instruction>]
 [B<-crl_compromise time>]
 [B<-crl_CA_compromise time>]
-[B<-subj arg>]
 [B<-crldays days>]
 [B<-crlhours hours>]
 [B<-crlexts section>]
@@ -27,9 +28,11 @@ B<openssl> B<ca>
 [B<-md arg>]
 [B<-policy arg>]
 [B<-keyfile arg>]
+[B<-keyform PEM|DER>]
 [B<-key arg>]
 [B<-passin arg>]
 [B<-cert file>]
+[B<-selfsign>]
 [B<-in file>]
 [B<-out file>]
 [B<-notext>]
@@ -43,6 +46,10 @@ B<openssl> B<ca>
 [B<-msie_hack>]
 [B<-extensions section>]
 [B<-extfile section>]
+[B<-engine id>]
+[B<-subj arg>]
+[B<-utf8>]
+[B<-multivalue-rdn>]
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -79,7 +86,7 @@ a single self signed certificate to be signed by the CA.
 
 a file containing a single Netscape signed public key and challenge
 and additional field values to be signed by the CA. See the B<SPKAC FORMAT>
-section for information on the required format.
+section for information on the required input and output format.
 
 =item B<-infiles>
 
@@ -90,7 +97,7 @@ are assumed to the the names of files containing certificate requests.
 
 the output file to output certificates to. The default is standard
 output. The certificate details will also be printed out to this
-file.
+file in PEM format (except that B<-spkac> outputs DER format).
 
 =item B<-outdir directory>
 
@@ -106,16 +113,35 @@ the CA certificate file.
 
 the private key to sign requests with.
 
+=item B<-keyform PEM|DER>
+
+the format of the data in the private key file.
+The default is PEM.
+
 =item B<-key password>
 
 the password used to encrypt the private key. Since on some
 systems the command line arguments are visible (e.g. Unix with
 the 'ps' utility) this option should be used with caution.
 
+=item B<-selfsign>
+
+indicates the issued certificates are to be signed with the key
+the certificate requests were signed with (given with B<-keyfile>).
+Certificate requests signed with a different key are ignored.  If
+B<-spkac>, B<-ss_cert> or B<-gencrl> are given, B<-selfsign> is
+ignored.
+
+A consequence of using B<-selfsign> is that the self-signed
+certificate appears among the entries in the certificate database
+(see the configuration option B<database>), and uses the same
+serial number counter as all other certificates sign with the
+self-signed certificate.
+
 =item B<-passin arg>
 
 the key password source. For more information about the format of B<arg>
-see the B<PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS> section in L<openssl(1)|openssl(1)>.
+see the B<PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS> section in L<openssl(1)>.
 
 =item B<-verbose>
 
@@ -141,7 +167,8 @@ the number of days to certify the certificate for.
 
 =item B<-md alg>
 
-the message digest to use. Possible values include md5, sha1 and mdc2.
+the message digest to use.
+Any digest supported by the OpenSSL B<dgst> command can be used.
 This option also applies to CRLs.
 
 =item B<-policy arg>
@@ -187,7 +214,9 @@ the section of the configuration file containing certificate extensions
 to be added when a certificate is issued (defaults to B<x509_extensions>
 unless the B<-extfile> option is used). If no extension section is
 present then, a V1 certificate is created. If the extension section
-is present (even if it is empty), then a V3 certificate is created.
+is present (even if it is empty), then a V3 certificate is created. See the:w
+L<x509v3_config(5)> manual page for details of the
+extension section format.
 
 =item B<-extfile file>
 
@@ -195,6 +224,35 @@ an additional configuration file to read certificate extensions from
 (using the default section unless the B<-extensions> option is also
 used).
 
+=item B<-engine id>
+
+specifying an engine (by its unique B<id> string) will cause B<ca>
+to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine,
+thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be set as the default
+for all available algorithms.
+
+=item B<-subj arg>
+
+supersedes subject name given in the request.
+The arg must be formatted as I</type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...>,
+characters may be escaped by \ (backslash), no spaces are skipped.
+
+=item B<-utf8>
+
+this option causes field values to be interpreted as UTF8 strings, by 
+default they are interpreted as ASCII. This means that the field
+values, whether prompted from a terminal or obtained from a
+configuration file, must be valid UTF8 strings.
+
+=item B<-multivalue-rdn>
+
+This option causes the -subj argument to be interpreted with full
+support for multivalued RDNs. Example:
+
+I</DC=org/DC=OpenSSL/DC=users/UID=123456+CN=John Doe>
+
+If -multi-rdn is not used then the UID value is I<123456+CN=John Doe>.
+
 =back
 
 =head1 CRL OPTIONS
@@ -218,6 +276,15 @@ the number of hours before the next CRL is due.
 
 a filename containing a certificate to revoke.
 
+=item B<-status serial>
+
+displays the revocation status of the certificate with the specified
+serial number and exits.
+
+=item B<-updatedb>
+
+Updates the database index to purge expired certificates.
+
 =item B<-crl_reason reason>
 
 revocation reason, where B<reason> is one of: B<unspecified>, B<keyCompromise>,
@@ -225,7 +292,7 @@ B<CACompromise>, B<affiliationChanged>, B<superseded>, B<cessationOfOperation>,
 B<certificateHold> or B<removeFromCRL>. The matching of B<reason> is case
 insensitive. Setting any revocation reason will make the CRL v2.
 
-In practive B<removeFromCRL> is not particularly useful because it is only used
+In practice B<removeFromCRL> is not particularly useful because it is only used
 in delta CRLs which are not currently implemented.
 
 =item B<-crl_hold instruction>
@@ -245,12 +312,6 @@ B<time>. B<time> should be in GeneralizedTime format that is B<YYYYMMDDHHMMSSZ>.
 This is the same as B<crl_compromise> except the revocation reason is set to
 B<CACompromise>.
 
-=item B<-subj arg>
-
-supersedes subject name given in the request.
-The arg must be formatted as I</type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...>,
-characters may be escaped by \ (backslash), no spaces are skipped.
-
 =item B<-crlexts section>
 
 the section of the configuration file containing CRL extensions to
@@ -258,7 +319,9 @@ include. If no CRL extension section is present then a V1 CRL is
 created, if the CRL extension section is present (even if it is
 empty) then a V2 CRL is created. The CRL extensions specified are
 CRL extensions and B<not> CRL entry extensions.  It should be noted
-that some software (for example Netscape) can't handle V2 CRLs. 
+that some software (for example Netscape) can't handle V2 CRLs. See
+L<x509v3_config(5)> manual page for details of the
+extension section format.
 
 =back
 
@@ -318,7 +381,7 @@ CA private key. Mandatory.
 =item B<RANDFILE>
 
 a file used to read and write random number seed information, or
-an EGD socket (see L<RAND_egd(3)|RAND_egd(3)>).
+an EGD socket (see L<RAND_egd(3)>).
 
 =item B<default_days>
 
@@ -344,18 +407,34 @@ least one of these must be present to generate a CRL.
 
 =item B<default_md>
 
-the same as the B<-md> option. The message digest to use. Mandatory.
+the same as the B<-md> option. Mandatory.
 
 =item B<database>
 
 the text database file to use. Mandatory. This file must be present
 though initially it will be empty.
 
-=item B<serialfile>
+=item B<unique_subject>
+
+if the value B<yes> is given, the valid certificate entries in the
+database must have unique subjects.  if the value B<no> is given,
+several valid certificate entries may have the exact same subject.
+The default value is B<yes>, to be compatible with older (pre 0.9.8)
+versions of OpenSSL.  However, to make CA certificate roll-over easier,
+it's recommended to use the value B<no>, especially if combined with
+the B<-selfsign> command line option.
+
+=item B<serial>
 
 a text file containing the next serial number to use in hex. Mandatory.
 This file must be present and contain a valid serial number.
 
+=item B<crlnumber>
+
+a text file containing the next CRL number to use in hex. The crl number
+will be inserted in the CRLs only if this file exists. If this file is
+present, it must contain a valid CRL number.
+
 =item B<x509_extensions>
 
 the same as B<-extensions>.
@@ -383,7 +462,7 @@ the same as B<-msie_hack>
 the same as B<-policy>. Mandatory. See the B<POLICY FORMAT> section
 for more information.
 
-=item B<nameopt>, B<certopt>
+=item B<name_opt>, B<cert_opt>
 
 these options allow the format used to display the certificate details
 when asking the user to confirm signing. All the options supported by
@@ -392,7 +471,7 @@ here, except the B<no_signame> and B<no_sigdump> are permanently set
 and cannot be disabled (this is because the certificate signature cannot
 be displayed because the certificate has not been signed at this point).
 
-For convenience the values B<default_ca> are accepted by both to produce
+For convenience the values B<ca_default> are accepted by both to produce
 a reasonable output.
 
 If neither option is present the format used in earlier versions of
@@ -438,6 +517,10 @@ the SPKAC and also the required DN components as name value pairs.
 If you need to include the same component twice then it can be
 preceded by a number and a '.'.
 
+When processing SPKAC format, the output is DER if the B<-out>
+flag is used, but PEM format if sending to stdout or the B<-outdir>
+flag is used.
+
 =head1 EXAMPLES
 
 Note: these examples assume that the B<ca> directory structure is
@@ -505,8 +588,8 @@ A sample configuration file with the relevant sections for B<ca>:
  policy         = policy_any            # default policy
  email_in_dn    = no                    # Don't add the email into cert DN
 
- nameopt	= default_ca		# Subject name display option
- certopt	= default_ca		# Certificate display option
+ name_opt	= ca_default		# Subject name display option
+ cert_opt	= ca_default		# Certificate display option
  copy_extensions = none			# Don't copy extensions from request
 
  [ policy_any ]
@@ -517,18 +600,6 @@ A sample configuration file with the relevant sections for B<ca>:
  commonName             = supplied
  emailAddress           = optional
 
-=head1 WARNINGS
-
-The B<ca> command is quirky and at times downright unfriendly.
-
-The B<ca> utility was originally meant as an example of how to do things
-in a CA. It was not supposed to be used as a full blown CA itself:
-nevertheless some people are using it for this purpose.
-
-The B<ca> command is effectively a single user command: no locking is
-done on the various files and attempts to run more than one B<ca> command
-on the same database can have unpredictable results.
-
 =head1 FILES
 
 Note: the location of all files can change either by compile time options,
@@ -558,8 +629,7 @@ if corrupted it can be difficult to fix. It is theoretically possible
 to rebuild the index file from all the issued certificates and a current
 CRL: however there is no option to do this.
 
-V2 CRL features like delta CRL support and CRL numbers are not currently
-supported.
+V2 CRL features like delta CRLs are not currently supported.
 
 Although several requests can be input and handled at once it is only
 possible to include one SPKAC or self signed certificate.
@@ -570,16 +640,10 @@ The use of an in memory text database can cause problems when large
 numbers of certificates are present because, as the name implies
 the database has to be kept in memory.
 
-It is not possible to certify two certificates with the same DN: this
-is a side effect of how the text database is indexed and it cannot easily
-be fixed without introducing other problems. Some S/MIME clients can use
-two certificates with the same DN for separate signing and encryption
-keys.
-
 The B<ca> command really needs rewriting or the required functionality
 exposed at either a command or interface level so a more friendly utility
-(perl script or GUI) can handle things properly. The scripts B<CA.sh> and
-B<CA.pl> help a little but not very much.
+(perl script or GUI) can handle things properly. The script
+B<CA.pl> helps a little but not very much.
 
 Any fields in a request that are not present in a policy are silently
 deleted. This does not happen if the B<-preserveDN> option is used. To
@@ -588,16 +652,26 @@ RFCs, regardless the contents of the request' subject the B<-noemailDN>
 option can be used. The behaviour should be more friendly and
 configurable.
 
-Cancelling some commands by refusing to certify a certificate can
+Canceling some commands by refusing to certify a certificate can
 create an empty file.
 
 =head1 WARNINGS
 
+The B<ca> command is quirky and at times downright unfriendly.
+
+The B<ca> utility was originally meant as an example of how to do things
+in a CA. It was not supposed to be used as a full blown CA itself:
+nevertheless some people are using it for this purpose.
+
+The B<ca> command is effectively a single user command: no locking is
+done on the various files and attempts to run more than one B<ca> command
+on the same database can have unpredictable results.
+
 The B<copy_extensions> option should be used with caution. If care is
 not taken then it can be a security risk. For example if a certificate
 request contains a basicConstraints extension with CA:TRUE and the
 B<copy_extensions> value is set to B<copyall> and the user does not spot
-this when the certificate is displayed then this will hand the requestor
+this when the certificate is displayed then this will hand the requester
 a valid CA certificate.
 
 This situation can be avoided by setting B<copy_extensions> to B<copy>
@@ -617,7 +691,7 @@ then even if a certificate is issued with CA:TRUE it will not be valid.
 
 =head1 SEE ALSO
 
-L<req(1)|req(1)>, L<spkac(1)|spkac(1)>, L<x509(1)|x509(1)>, L<CA.pl(1)|CA.pl(1)>,
-L<config(5)|config(5)>
+L<req(1)>, L<spkac(1)>, L<x509(1)>, L<CA.pl(1)>,
+L<config(5)>, L<x509v3_config(5)> 
 
 =cut